Oran

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A Spanish Enclave in North Africa.

Establishment

May 1509: In 1509, Spanish forces captured the city of Oran, located in present-day Algeria.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Events

January 1517: King Charles I, known as Emperor Charles V, in 1516 united all the kingdoms on the Iberian peninsula, save the Kingdoms of Portugal and the Algarve. At the same time his territories also encompassed the Habsburg domains in central Europe and in the Low Countries.

January 1556: Charles V, who was King of Spain and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, left the Spanish Empire to his son Philip and the Austrian Lands to his brother Ferdinand I.

January 1709: Spanish Oran was a Spanish territory located in present-day Algeria. It was captured by the Ottoman Empire in 1708, but later returned to Spanish control from 1732 to 1791. The city of Oran was an important port and trading hub during this time.

July 1732: Spain's first Bourbon ruler Philip V wished to re-establish Spanish supremacy on the Algerian coast, and in 1732 sent an expedition which retook Oran and Mers El Kebir.

September 1792: In the night after October 8, 1790, a violent earthquake in Oran and Mers El Kebir claimed more than 3,000 victims in less than seven minutes. Spanish king Charles IV saw no advantage in continuing the occupation of the cities, which had become increasingly expensive and perilous. He initiated discussions with the Bey of Algiers. They signed a treaty on September 12, 1792 by which the Spanish transferred the cities to the Ottoman Empire.