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Was the kingdom that controlled the ancient region of Bythinia, the Black Sea Coast of Anatolia.
Establishment
January 296 BC: Zipoites establishes the Kingdom of Bithynia.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of conflicts that were fought between the generals of Alexander the Great, known as the Diadochi, over who would rule his empire following his death.
1.1.Consolidation of the borders after the Third War of the Diadochi
Were a series of events and military operations after the Third war of the Diadochi that led to the consolidation of the borders between the successor states of the Macedonian Empire.
Was fought by King Philip V of Macedon, the Aetolian League, many Cretan cities (of which Olous and Hierapytna were the most important) and Spartan pirates against the forces of Rhodes and later Attalus I of Pergamum, Byzantium, Cyzicus, Athens, and Knossos.
January 204 BC: Philip handed these cities over to his brother-in-law, the King of Bithynia, Prusias I.
January 204 BC: Philip captured and razed Cius as well as its neighbour Myrleia.
Were a series of succesful military campaigns by Antiochus III to expand Selecuid territories in Asia Minor.
3.1.Conquest of the territories in Asia minor up to the the Hellespont
Was a military campaign led by Seleucid ruler Antiochus III the Great that resulted in conquests up to the Hellespont.
January 196 BC: In the spring of 197, Seleucid ruler Antiochos III reached the Hellespont and then occupied the Straits, subjugating the Greek cities that were autonomous or formerly under Antigonid authority. He made Ephesus his main naval base in the Aegean Sea. In Ionia its successes are more limited: Miletus and Magnesia of the Meander remain independent.
Was a war between the Galatian Gauls and the Roman Republic supported by their allies Pergamon in 189 BC.
January 188 BC: The Romans turned their attention to the Celtic tribes of the Galatians settled in Galatia and defeated them in a battle on Mount Olympus, where the entire Galatian army was annihilated.
February 188 BC: The Roman army leaves Mount Olympus.
Were three conflicts fought by Rome against the Kingdom of Pontus and its allies between 88 BC and 63 BC. They are named after Mithridates VI, the King of Pontus during the course of the wars.
January 115 BC: Mithridates had his brother-in-law, Ariarathes VI, assassinated by Gordius leaving the Kingdom of Cappadocia in the hands of Laodice, who ruled as regent for her son Ariarathes VII of Cappadocia. Laodice married Nicomedes III of Bithynia, whose country was Pontus' traditional enemy. Nicomedes occupied Cappadocia.
January 99 BC: Mithridates established himself as patron of his nephew's kingship on the throne. After this he murdered Ariarathes VII of Cappadocia and installed his son on the Cappadocian throne as Ariarathes IX under the guardianship of Gordius.
January 89 BC: In Bithynia Nicomedes III had died. He was succeeded by his son Nicomedes IV. Unfortunately for Nicomedes IV, his bastard half-brother, Socrates Chrestus, supported by Mithridates drove him from his kingdom.
5.1.First Mithridatic War
Was a war challenging the Roman Republic's expanding domain over the Greek world. In this conflict, the Kingdom of Pontus and many Greek cities rebelled against Roman rule under the leadership of Mithridates VI of Pontus.
December 90 BC: In the late summer 90 BC a Senatorial legation was sent east, under Manius Aquillius and Manlius Maltinus, to restore Nicomedes and Ariobarzanes to their kingdoms. Both kings were restored without any fighting in autumn 90 BC.
January 88 BC: He was restored to his throne by Manius Aquillius due to Rome's influence in the region.
January 87 BC: Aquillius encouraged Nicomedes IV to raid Mithridates VI's territory, prompting Mithridates VI to retaliate again in 88 BC. Nicomedes IV fled once again to Rome.
January 84 BC: Pontic ruler Mithridates met with Roman general Sulla at Dardanus (a city in Troas) in 85 BC, and accepted peace terms which restored all his gains in Asia, Cappadocia and Bithynia to their original rulers, but left him his own kingdom.
Nicomedes IV of Bithynia died without heirs in 75 and left his kingdom to Rome.
January 74 BC: Nicomedes IV of Bithynia died without heirs in 75 BC and left his kingdom to Rome.
Disestablishment
January 74 BC: Nicomedes IV of Bithynia died without heirs in 75 BC and left his kingdom to Rome.
Kingdom of Bythinia
