Gajapati Kingdom
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The Gajapati dynasty was established by Emperor Kapilendra Deva (1434-66) in 1434 in present-day Odisha and North coastal Andhra.
Establishment
January 1435: The Gajapati dynasty was established by Emperor Kapilendra Deva (1434-66) in 1434.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
1. Events
January 1444: Vinayak Dev, a prince from Kashmir whose family claimed descent from the mythical Suryavanshis, established the little kingdom of Nandapur located in the Eastern Ghats in 1443.
January 1449: Rajahmundry was conquered by the Gajapatis.
January 1451: An inscription in the Jagannath temple of Puri that is dated to the year 1450 A.D narrates the conquest of Gauda by Kapilendra Deva after defeating Malika Parisa which in short refers to the contemporary sultan of Bengal by the name Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah.
January 1455: The Gajapatis conquered Rajamahendri in 1454.
January 1459: In 1458 A.D. a battle ensued at Devara Konda between Odia forces led by Hamvira Deva and Bahmani forces. As a result of this battle Odia forces came out as victorious and Telegana region became a feudal state of the Gajapati empire with the Velama chiefs as the vassal rulers.
January 1461: In 1460, Hamvira Deva's commander Tamavupala conquered the southern states of Udayagiri and Chandragiri, expanding the territory of the Gajapati Kingdom into the Vijayanagara empire as far as Trichinapalli, Tanjore, and Arcot.
January 1467: In 1466, during the reign of King Prataparudra Deva, the Gajapati Kingdom reached its maximal extent as shown on the map. The territory expanded significantly under his rule.
January 1471: Cession of Rajamundry and Kondapalii to the Bahamani sultanate.
January 1477: In the year 1476 the Bahmani Sultanate became weak due to internal conflicts and a severe famine. Using this situation as a perfect opportunity, Purrushotama Deva launched an offensive from the north and defeated his elder brother Hamvira, expelled the Bahamani garrisons and recaptured Rajamundry and Kondapalli to his empire.
January 1481: Establishment of the Nayagarh State.
January 1494: In 1493, Sambalpur State was established by Balaram Deo, a Rajput from the Chauhan dynasty and the younger brother of Raja Narsingh Deo, the ruler of the kingdom of Patna. The territory of Sambalpur State expanded during this time.
January 1499: Available records in writings and books reveal that at first there was no such place known as Daspalla. Rather it was a part of Baudh State ruled by the Bhanj dynasty of Rajput kings. During the rule of Bira Bhanj there was a rift in between Bira Bhanj and his cousin, Sal Bhanj. The dissident Sal Banj left Baudh and went to meet the Gajapati King of Puri through the ages old Jagannath Sadak. While resting with his followers at Padmatola Forest, the king of Nayagarh got the news and made alliance with Sal Bhanj and declared him the king of that area. Getting the news, Bir Bhanj of Baudh got angry and sent troops to capture Sal Bhanj. But the troops of Baudh got defeated at the hands of Sal Bhanj and Nayagarh soldiers. As Sal Bhanj got "Yasha" (Fame) he named his kingdom as "Yashpalla" or "Daspalla".
January 1501: Prataparudra Deva, the ruler of the Gajapati Kingdom was able to briefly capture the Vijayanagara or Vidyanagar fort in 1500. This event is recorded in the Anantavarman copper plates, stating that he reached the banks of the river Krishna on 4 November 1500 AD.
January 1501: In 1500, the Kingdom of Vursut, a medieval Hindu kingdom ruled by King Vursut, expanded its territory to include what is now Howrah and Hooghly. This kingdom was known for its rich cultural heritage and strategic location in present-day West Bengal, India.
February 1501: Gajapati forces left the Vijayanagara fort.
January 1503: The Portuguese established a trading post in Pulicat in 1502 with the help of the Vijayanagar rulers.
January 1514: The Vijayanagar army laid siege to the Udayagiri fort in 1512. The campaign lasted for a year before the Gajapati army disintegrated due to starvation.
January 1514: The Vijayanagar army, led by King Krishnadevaraya, laid siege to the Udayagiri fort in 1512. The Gajapati army, under the rule of Gajapati Prataparudra Deva, eventually disintegrated after a year-long campaign due to starvation.
January 1515: Krishandevaraya returned all the lands that the Vijayanagara Empire captured to the North of the Krishna River.
January 1516: The Gajapati Kingdom is acquired by the Vijayanagara Empire.
January 1516: After the fall of Kondapalli, the Odia controlled smaller forts in Telegana region like Khamammettu, Anantagiri, Kanakgiri, Nalagonda, Udrakonda, Urlagonda, etc. were taken over by the Vijayanagar forces.
January 1516: In 1515, the Kondapalli Fort was lost to the Vijayanagara Empire. The fort was a strategic stronghold in southern India, and its loss was a significant blow to the local rulers. The event marked a shift in power dynamics in the region, with the Vijayanagara Empire gaining control over the territory.
January 1517: In 1516, Hussain Shah, the ruler of Bengal Sultanate, waged campaigns against the Gajapati rulers of Orissa. As a result, he secured control of northern Orissa, expanding his territory and influence in the region.
January 1519: Borders of the Golconda Sultanate by 1518.
January 1519: Borders of the Bidar Sultanate by 1518.
January 1519: Borders of the Berar Sultanate by 1518.
January 1524: Mylapore was occupied by the Portuguese in 1523, who established the viceroyalty of "São Tomé de Meliapor" or "Saint Thomas of Mylapore.
March 1531: The Qutb Shahi ruler of Golconda invaded southern parts of Odisha and captured many forts along with the regional administrative center of Kondapalli.
January 1533: The Nayaks of Thanjavur were originally appointed as provincial governors by the Vijayanagara Emperor in the 15th century, who divided the Tamil country into three Nayakships viz., Madurai, Tanjore and Gingee. In the mid 16th century they became an independent kingdom, although they continued their alliance with the Vijayanagara Empire.
January 1541: Losses of the Gajapati Kingdom to Vijayanagara by 1540.
Disestablishment
January 1542: With the death of Prataparudra Deva of the Gajapati dynasty in 1540 and a succession of weak rulers lead to the rise of political instability in the kingdom as there was a rise in internal squabbles, economic decline and increasing threats of invasions. In thischaos, the Gajapati Kingdom started weakening as Prataprudra Deva's successors were unable to maintain political authority. Taking de facto control of the situation, the general and minister of the kingdom, Govinda Vidyadhara decided to take the opportunity by murdering the successors of the Gajapati king and usurped the throne of Odisha, thus laying the foundation of the Bhoi dynasty as the ruling monarchs of Odisha.
