Phaistos
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A Greek polis in ancient Crete.
Establishment
January 699 BC: The site of Phaistos was reinhabited during the Geometric Age (8th century BC).
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was fought by King Philip V of Macedon, the Aetolian League, many Cretan cities (of which Olous and Hierapytna were the most important) and Spartan pirates against the forces of Rhodes and later Attalus I of Pergamum, Byzantium, Cyzicus, Athens, and Knossos.
January 199 BC: The macedonian hegemenoy over Crete lasted to the end of the Cretan War (205-200 BC).
A three-year campaign under Quintus Caecilius Metellus that resulted in the Roman conquest of Crete.
January 68 BC: In 69 BC, the consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus was tasked by the Senate with the conquest of Crete. He captured one Cretan city after another, while Pompey fought against the pirates at sea. The defeated Cretans only wanted to submit to Pompey, and he accepted their submission, even though Quintus Caecilius Metellus was the actual conqueror who made Crete a Roman province.
January 219 BC: Around the end of the 3rd century BC, Phaestos was destroyed by the Gortynians and since then ceased to exist in the history of Crete.
Disestablishment
January 68 BC: In 69 BC, the consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus was tasked by the Senate with the conquest of Crete. He captured one Cretan city after another, while Pompey fought against the pirates at sea. The defeated Cretans only wanted to submit to Pompey, and he accepted their submission, even though Quintus Caecilius Metellus was the actual conqueror who made Crete a Roman province.
Selected Sources
Detorakis, T. (1994): History of Crete, Iraklion, pp. 76-80
Titus Livius: Ab Urbe Condita, 100
