Kleve-Mark Duchy
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was a duchy (de facto a composite state), of the Holy Roman Empire located in area between modern-day Germany and Netherlands. It originated from the union of Kleve and Mark.
Establishment
January 1392: In 1391, the territories of Cleves and Mark were united under the Kleve-Mark Duchy. This union was a result of the marriage between Adolph I of Cleves and Margaret of Jülich, which brought the two territories together under one ruler.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a feud that took place from 1444 to 1449 in which the town of Soest claimed its freedom from Archbishopric of Cologne.
June 1444: The town of Soest, that wanted to free itself from Archbishop Dietrich of Cologne (1414-1463), accepted a new suzerain, John I, the Duke of Cleves-Mark.
May 1449: After the Soest Feud, the archbishop of Cologne could keep Bilstein and Fredeburg.
Was a conflict between the Burgundian State and the Old Swiss Confederacy and its allies.
June 1474: The Burgundian army starts the siege of Neuss.
July 1474: End of the Burgundian siege of Neuss.
January 1398: Further pledges of the Rhine toll from Kaiserswerth to the Counts of Berg and Kleve followed. In 1397 there was a dispute about a pension for the Counts of Berg from the Kaiserswerth customs. This dispute led to the Battle of Kleverhamm, which the Counts of Mark and Kleve won.
January 1398: Kleve-Mark acquired Ravenstein.
January 1425: The Cologne elector then built Kaiserswerth into a mighty fortress, which was expanded into a modern protective complex with five bastions in the 16th century.
January 1446: Bilstein fell to the Duchy of Westphalia in 1445, which belonged to the Electorate of Cologne.
January 1451: The Kleve-Mark Duchy is acquired by the Ravenstein Lordship.
January 1478: Based on Gustav Droysen's Map of the Holy Roman Empire in the XV century.
Disestablishment
January 1522: In 1521, the territory of Jülich united with Berg, Cleves, and Mark under the rule of John III, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg.
January 1522: The Kleve-Mark Duchy is disestablished.
Selected Sources
Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), pp. 34-35
