Uruk
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Was a Mesopotamian city-state in actual Iraq.
Establishment
January 2899 BC: The Sumerian city-state of Uruk existed since the Mesopotamian Early Dynastic period, being mentioned in the Sumerian List of Kings.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was the military compaign against Ur of Lugal-Anne-Mundu, king of the city-state of Adab in Sumer.
January 2499 BC: Lugal-Anne-Mundu (king of the city-state of Adab in Sumer) subjugated the "Four Quarters of the world" (the entire Fertile Crescent region, from the Mediterranean to the Zagros Mountains). His empire is said to have included the provinces of Elam, Marhashi, Gutium, Subartu, the "Cedar Mountain land" (Lebanon), Amurru or Martu, "Sutium" and the "Mountain of E-anna".
January 2459 BC: Following the death of Adab King Lugal-Anne-Mundu, his Empire collapsed and most of the subjected cities regained their independence.
Were the military campaigns of Enshakushanna, king of the Sumerian city-state of Uruk.
January 2449 BC: King Enshakushanna of Uruk conquered Hamazi, Akkad, Kish, and Nippur, claiming hegemony over all of Sumer.
Were the military compaigns of Eannatum, king of the city-state of Lagash in Sumer.
January 2399 BC: The King of Lagash, Eannatum, conquered all of Sumer, including Ur, Nippur, Akshak, Larsa, and Uruk
Disestablishment
January 2399 BC: The King of Lagash, Eannatum, conquered all of Sumer, including Ur, Nippur, Akshak, Larsa, and Uruk
Selected Sources
De Lafayette, M. (2014): COMPARATIVE ENCYCLOPEDIC DICTIONARY OF MESOPOTAMIAN VOCABULARY DEAD & ANCIENT LANGUAGES, Lulu.com, p. 83
New York Times Encyclopedic Almanac, New York Times, Book & Educational Division., 1970, p. 564
RIME 1.01.08.01 composite (P450160). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. Retrieved on 29 March 2024 on https://cdli.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/search?layout=full&id=P450160
The Sumerian King List. Livius.org. Retrieved on 31 March 2024 on https://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/266-the-sumerian-king-list/
Van De Mieroop, Marc (2004). A History of the Ancient Near East: Ca. 3000-323 BC. Wiley. pp. 50–51
