Francis II, Ruler of the Habsburg Domains (with several different titles), from 1806 Emperor of Austria (Austrian Empire) : All Data

Francis II, ruler of the Habsburg Domains and later Emperor of Austria, reigned from 1804 to 1835. During his tenure, he faced significant challenges, including the Napoleonic Wars. The most important wars that occurred during his rule were the War of the Fifth Coalition (1809) and the War of the Sixth Coalition (1812-1814). These conflicts saw Austria fighting against Napoleon Bonaparte's French Empire and its allies. Despite initial setbacks, Francis II managed to regain some territories and maintain Austria's independence, although the empire suffered significant losses. His reign marked a period of intense struggle against French dominance in Europe.