Conquest of the Achaemenid Empire
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Was a military campaign by Alexander the Great King of Macedon in Asia that resulted in the conquest of the Achaemenid Empire.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
February 332 BC: Sidon (Lebanon), Phoenicia, conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
March 331 BC: Siwa conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
February 331 BC: Foundation of Alexandria.
January 331 BC: After ending the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great tried to rule Cappadocia through one of his military commanders. But Ariarathes, a Persian aristocrat, somehow became king of the Cappadocians, establishing an independent kingdom.
December 333 BC: Alexandretta or Alexandria near Issus conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 330 BC: Battle of the Persian Gate.
July 330 BC: Ecbatana (Hamadan, Iran) conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
July 330 BC: Caspian Gates (between modern Eyvanakey and Aradan or Tehran and Semnan, Iran, Media/Parthia border) conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
July 334 BC: Ephesus conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 333 BC: Lycia conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
August 331 BC: Thapsacus (Tipsah) conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
July 334 BC: Sardes conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
June 334 BC: Troy conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
June 334 BC: Battle of the Granicus.
August 334 BC: Siege of Miletus.
October 334 BC: Siege of Halicarnassus.
January 333 BC: Phaselis conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
February 333 BC: Termessos conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
February 333 BC: Perge conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
October 333 BC: Tarsus conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
November 333 BC: Soli conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
November 333 BC: Battle of Issus. Alexander the Great decisively defeats the Persian army of Darius.
January 332 BC: Aspendos conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 332 BC: Side conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 332 BC: Kelainai (near Dinar, Turkey) in Pisidia conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 332 BC: Ankyra (Ankara, Turkey) conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 332 BC: Cilician Gates conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 332 BC: Cydnos River conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 332 BC: Aradus Island conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 332 BC: The various kingdoms of Cyprus became allies of Alexander following his victorious campaigns at Granicus (334 BC) and Issus (333 BC).
February 332 BC: Byblos (40 km north of Beirut, Lebanon) conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
August 332 BC: Siege of Tyre. The city fell to the Macedonians.
November 332 BC: Siege of Gaza. The city fell to the Macedonians.
January 331 BC: Damascus conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 331 BC: Jerusalem conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 331 BC: Pelusium (Port Said, Egypt) conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 331 BC: Rhodes became part of the rapidly growing Macedonian Empire as Alexander the Great swept through and defeated the Persians in 332 BC, to the great relief of the islands' inhabitants.
February 331 BC: Memphis conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
August 331 BC: Harran conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
August 331 BC: Edessa, or Urhai (Urfa, Turkey), conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
August 331 BC: Tigris conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
October 331 BC: Battle of Gaugamela. Alexander's decisive victory leading to the collapse of the Persian Empire.
November 331 BC: Arbela (Arbil/Irbil, Iraq) in Mesopotamia conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
November 331 BC: Babylon conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 330 BC: Alep conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
January 330 BC: Susa conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
February 330 BC: Persepolis conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
July 330 BC: Deh Bid Pass conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
July 330 BC: Rhagae (Rey, Iran) conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
August 330 BC: Alexander's detour from modern Semnan to the Dasht-e-Kavir desert ―Parthia.
August 330 BC: Thara is the city where the Persian king Darius III was killed. Although Alexander appeared as the Achaemenid ruler, there is no doubt that the Achaemenid Empire had come to an end at the latest with the assassination of Darius by the satrap Bessos (330 BC).
January 329 BC: Pasargad conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
May 333 BC: Gordion conquered by Kingdom of Macedonia.
Selected Sources
Tucker, S.C. (2011) Battles that changed History - An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, ABC-CLIO, pp.37-39
Tucker, S.C. (2011) Battles that changed History - An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, ABC-CLIO, pp.40-42
Tucker, S.C. (2011) Battles that changed History - An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, ABC-CLIO, pp.43-45
