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Name: Macedonian Wars

Type: Event

Start: 214 BC

End: 145 BC

All Statistics: All Statistics

Macedonian Wars

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Were a seris of conflicts between the Roman Republic and Antigonid Macedonia over control of Greece and the eastern Mediterranean Basin. .

Chronology

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1. First Macedonian War

Was a war fought by Rome, allied (after 211 BC) with the Aetolian League and Attalus I of Pergamon, against Philip V of Macedon, contemporaneously with the Second Punic War (218-201 BC) against Carthage. There were no decisive engagements, and the war ended in a stalemate.

January 204 BC: In the First Macedonian War (214-205 BC), Oiniadai was lost again.

January 212 BC: Lissos was besieged and successfully taken by King Philip V of Macedon.

1.1.Macedonian Attack in Illyria

Was a military campaign led by Philip V of Macedon in Illyria during the first Macedonian War.

September 214 BC: In the late summer of 214 BC, Philip of Macedon attempted a new invasion of Illyria by sea, with a fleet of 125 bireme lembi. He first besieged Apollonia, then went up the Aoo (today's river Voiussa), and even attacked Oricum, which he occupied without encountering any difficulties.

January 213 BC: Roman general Levinus set off with the fleet and army towards Oricum, managing to conquer the city after a brief battle against the garrison left by Philip V of Macedon.

January 211 BC: Philip of Macedon finally managed to gain access to the Adriatic by capturing the city of Lissus and its citadel.

1.2.Campaign of Laevinus in Greece

Was a Roman military campaign in Greece led by Marcus Valerius Laevinus during the first Macedonian War.

January 204 BC: After another season of fighting, in 206 BC, the members of the Aetolian League surrendered and, without the consent of Rome, signed a separate peace on the terms imposed on them by Philip of Macedon. With no more allies in all of Greece, but having nonetheless achieved their objective of preventing Philip from helping Hannibal, the Romans were now willing to sign peace. A treaty was signed at Phoenix in 205 BC, the so-called Peace of Phoenix, thus ending the First Macedonian War.

January 209 BC: A treaty was signed by the Romans with the Aetolians in 211 BC. The territories conquered by the Romans in Greece would go to them. Roman general Laevinus took possession of Zakynthos.

January 210 BC: The region was conquered by the Aetolians.

January 209 BC: The Romans conquered three cities of Acarania: Eniade, Nasos and Acarnanus, which he returned to the Aetolians.

January 209 BC: Corinth was assaulted by the Romans via sea and by the Aetolians via land. The assault from the sea was better managed as it was carried out by the Roman fleet, armed with various types of siege engines and war machines. In a few days, the city surrendered and handed itself over to the Aetolians. According to the agreement, the spoils of war went to the Romans.

January 209 BC: The Macedonian king probably took Phalara.

January 209 BC: Conquests of Attalus of Pergamon.

January 207 BC: In 208 BC the Roman fleet, made up of 35 ships from Pergamon and 25 Roman ships, failed to conquer Lemnos, but instead occupied and plundered the hinterland of the island of Peparethos, present-day Skopelos.

January 207 BC: Philip of Macedon managed to destroy Thermos, the capital of the Aetolians (207 BC).

January 207 BC: The Macedonians took Thronium, followed by Tithronium and Drymaea north of the Cephissus river, at that point controlling all of Locris.

January 207 BC: Macedonian conquest of Oreus.

2. Second Macedonian War

Was a war fought by Rome, allied with the Kingdoms of Pergamons and Rhodes, against Antigonid Macedonia.

January 195 BC: At the end of Second Macedonian War in 196 BC, Rome established Thessaly as a koinon, Federal League, and cultivated its development to make it part of hegemonic powers of central and northern Greece.

January 203 BC: In 205 BC. Ptolemy IV Pharaoh of Egypt died, leaving his six-year-old son Ptolemy V Epiphanes on the throne. Philip V of Macedonia and Antiochus III the Great, king of the Seleucid Empire, decided to exploit the young pharaoh's weakness by stipulating a secret pact which promised the Macedonian king hegemony in the Aegean and Antiochus hegemony over Coele-Syria, Cilicia, the Phenicia and Palestine. Philip first focused on the Greek city-states in Thrace and the Dardanelles area. His advance in the area, with the conquest of Cio, alarmed Rhodes and Pergamum.

January 203 BC: In the last years of the 3rd century, Macedonia under king Philip V began a renewed expansion to the east, exploiting the weakness of the Ptolemies after the death of Ptolemy IV.

January 197 BC: In -198, the Roman general Flaminino launched a military campaign against King Philip V of Macedon in the regions south of Thessaly. The campaign was successful, with Philip being forced to retreat to Thessaly as a result of Flaminino's aggressive tactics.

January 196 BC: The Romans defeated the Macedonians a first time in the battle of Aous and a second time, in June 197 BC, in the subsequent battle of Cynocephalus. At that point Philip V was forced to negotiate peace with Rome. Philip was forced to accept the withdrawal of the Macedonian troops from the newly conquered cities in Thrace and Asia Minor, and to abandon all of Greece.

January 196 BC: After the Battle of Cynoscephalae, the Nesiotic League passed to Rhodes.

3. Third Macedonian War

Was a war fought by Rome against Antigonid Macedonia. The war was won by Rome, and Macedonia was divided in four client states of Rome.

June 168 BC: Nigdelis, P. III. Roman Macedonia (168 BC-AD 284). Pp.51-53

January 170 BC: Perseus marched to the land of the Perrhaebi in the northernmost district of Thessaly and seized all the main towns north of the River Peneus, which crosses northern Thessaly: Cyretiae, Mylae, Elatia and Gonnus.

January 170 BC: A contingent of the Roman fleet went through the Gulf of Corinth and conducted operations against the Boeotians. It besieged Haliartus with 10,000 mariners and 2,000 troops. Eventually the city fell.

January 170 BC: Rome dissolved the Boeotian League in 171 BC.

January 169 BC: Epirus, on the west coast of Greece, went over to the Macedonians.

June 169 BC: In -169, Quintus Marcius, a Roman military commander, led a daring expedition into Macedon through the challenging terrain of the Olympus range. This feat demonstrated his strategic prowess and bravery in the service of the Roman Republic.

January 168 BC: Perseus moved to the land of the Penestae (in southern Illyria) and went on to Stubera.

January 167 BC: Lycia was took back from Rhodes in 168 BC. In these latter stages of the Roman Republic, Lycia (Romans) came to enjoy freedom as a Roman protectorate.

January 167 BC: In 168 B.C. the fortress of Lissos was conquered by the Romans.

January 167 BC: Orikos is conquered by the Romans in 168 BC (from around 230 to 168 BC it issued its own coins).

January 167 BC: The Roman Legions under Aemilius Paulus destroy the cities of Athamania.

January 167 BC: Despite their steadfast loyalty to Rome, the League lost Leucas after the Third Macedonian War (171-168 BC), as it became an autonomous state.

January 166 BC: Under the Roman Empire, Byllis became part of the province of Epirus Nova.

January 166 BC: In 167 BC the Romans destroyed Orraon.

January 166 BC: In the year 167 BC BC, after the Third Macedonian War, the Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus attacked the Koinon of Byllis on the way back and also destroyed Nikaia.

January 166 BC: The Nesiotic League, led by the island of Rhodes, lost its independence to the Roman Republic in -167 BC at the end of the Third Macedonian War. This marked the end of Rhodian autonomy and their submission to Roman rule.

4. Fourth Macedonian War

Was a war fought between the Roman Republic and a Macedonian uprising led by the Macedonian pretender to the throne Andriscus. Pretending to be the son of the former king Perseus, who had been deposed by the Romans after the Third Macedonian War in 168 BC, Andriscus sought to re-establish the old Macedonian Kingdom. Anthriscus, after some early successes, was eventually defeated by the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus at the Second Battle of Pydna in 148 BC, and the uprising subsequently collapsed.

January 147 BC: Following the Roman annexation of the region, the city of Amantia became part of the Roman province of Macedonia and then Epirus Novus.

January 150 BC: Pretending to be the son of the former king Perseus, who had been deposed by the Romans after the Third Macedonian War in 168 BC, Andriscus sought to re-establish the old Macedonian Kingdom. Anthriscus, after some early successes, was eventually defeated by the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus at the Second Battle of Pydna in 148 BC, and the uprising subsequently collapsed.

5. Annexation of Macedonia

After the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus defeated Andriscus of Macedon, the last self-styled king of Macedonia in the Fourth Macedonian War, Macedonia became a Roman province.

January 145 BC: The Achaean League was dissolved by the Romans in 146 BC, making Kydonia independent.

January 145 BC: Macedonia became a Roman province.