Neapolitan War
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Was a conflict between the Napoleonic Kingdom of Naples and the Austrian Empire during the War of the Seventh Coalition. Naples, which was still ruled by the Napoleonic general Joachim Murat, decided to side with Napoleon. The Austrian won the war and reinstated Ferdinand IV as King of Naples and Sicily.
Chronology
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May 1815: Murat's joint campaign was definitively wrecked on 4 May 1815, after the Austrians defeated him in the battle of Tolentino: finally, with the Treaty of Casalanza, signed at Capua on 20 May 1815 by the Austrian and Murat generals, the kingdom of Naples thus returned to the crown Bourbon, with King Ferdinand who returned to Naples on 7 June.
Was the invasion of central and northern Italy launched by the Neapolitan armies during the Neapolitan War.
April 1815: Battle of the Panaro.
April 1815: The Austrian advance guard under the command of General Bianchi was beaten back at an engagement near Cesena. Bianchi retreated towards Modena and took up a defensive line behind the River Panaro, allowing Murat to take Bologna on 3 April.
April 1815: The two Guard Divisions Murat had sent into the Papal States passed unmolested into Tuscany and by 8 April had occupied Florence, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
March 1815: Leaving behind a reserve Army of the Interior in case of an invasion from Sicily, Murat sent his two elite Guard Divisions through the Papal States, forcing the Pope to flee to Genoa. With the remainder of his army, Murat established his headquarters at Ancona and advanced on the road towards Bologna. On 30 March, Murat had arrived in Rimini, where he gave the famous Rimini Proclamation, inciting all Italian nationalists to war.
Was the Austrian invasion of Italy during the Neapolitan War.
May 1815: The Austrian armies united near Calvi and began the march on Naples.
May 1815: Neapolitan Generals Pepe and Carrascosa sued for peace and concluded the Treaty of Casalanza with the Austrians, bringing the war to an end.
April 1815: Carrascosa, who was in command of the Neapolitan troops around Modena, saw the Austrian trap and ordered a retreat to a defensive line behind the Panaro where he was joined by the remainder of his division, which had been evacuated from Reggio Emilia and Modena.
April 1815: Neipperg's corps was still in pursuit and by 29 April, his advanced guard had arrived in Fano, just two days' march away.
April 1815: Murat hurried his retreat and by late April, his main force had arrived safely in Ancona, where he was reunited with his two Guard Divisions.
April 1815: Ferrara was attacked by Neapolitan troops.
April 1815: In Tuscany Murat's two Guard Divisions also inexplicably retreated without being harassed in any way by Nugent. By 15 April, the Austrians had retaken Florence.
April 1815: On 14 April, Frimont attempted to force a crossing of the Panaro, but was repelled. However, only two days later, Murat and his army retreated from Bologna, which was quickly retaken by the Austrians.
April 1815: Battle of Cesenatico.
April 1815: The Austrians reached Foligno.
May 1815: A joint Anglo-Austrian fleet began a blockade of Ancona, eventually taking the entire garrison of the city as prisoners.
May 1815: By 12 May, Bianchi, who was now in command of both his and Neipperg's corps, had taken the town of L'Aquila.
May 1815: Nugent intercepted Murat at San Germano (now Cassino).
April 1815: Battle of Pesaro.
April 1815: General Nugent had continued to advance from Florence. Having arrived in Rome.
On 23 May, at the end of the Neaopolitan War, the main Austrian army entered Naples and restored King Ferdinand to the Neapolitan throne.
May 1815: The main Austrian army entered Naples and restored King Ferdinand to the Neapolitan throne.
