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Name: American Revolutionary War

Type: Event

Start: 1775 AD

End: 1785 AD

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Icon American Revolutionary War

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Was the war of independence of the United States of America (at the time the Thirteen Colonies) against Great Britain.

Chronology


Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

  • July 1776: United States Declaration of Independence: the Thirteen Colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain regarded themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states, no longer under British rule.

  • 1. Boston campaign


    Was a military campaign by the United States Continetal Army mainly in the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

  • July 1775: Battle of Bunker Hill.
  • March 1776: Siege of Boston: British forces evacuate the town.
  • April 1775: The Battle of Lexington and Concord marked the beginning of the conflict between the United Colonies and British forces.
  • May 1775: Battle of Chelsea Creek.

  • 2. Invasion of Quebec (1775)


    Was the unsuccesful invasion of the British Province of Quebec by the United States Continental Army.

  • October 1775: On October 18, Fort Chambly fell.
  • May 1775: Battle of Crown Point.
  • May 1775: Capture of Fort Ticonderoga.
  • October 1776: An American failed counter-attack on June 8 ended their operations in Quebec. However, British pursuit was blocked by American ships on Lake Champlain until they were cleared on October 11 at the Battle of Valcour Island. The American troops were forced to withdraw to Ticonderoga, ending the campaign.
  • December 1775: Battle of Quebec.
  • June 1776: General William Thompson’s 2,000 Americans land near Trois-Rivières and advance inland.
  • November 1775: Montreal fell without any significant fighting.
  • November 1775: Fort St. John is captured.
  • May 1776: After a loose siege, the Americans withdrew from Quebec City.
  • July 1776: Retreat of the Continental army from Trois-Rivières.
  • November 1775: General Richard Montgomery led his troops north and occupied Saint Paul's Island in the Saint Lawrence River.

  • 2.1.Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec

    Colonel Benedict Arnold led a force of 1,100 Continental Army troops on an expedition from Cambridge in the Province of Massachusetts Bay to the gates of Quebec City.

  • October 1775: Two colonial battalions reached the Dead River.
  • September 1775: Continental Army troops led by Colonel Benedict Arnold sailed from Newburyport, Massachusetts to the mouth of the Kennebec River.
  • October 1775: The expedition of Colonel Benedict Arnold reached Lake Mégantic.
  • October 1775: American forces reached Norridgewock Falls, location of the last settlements on the Kennebec River.

  • 3. Southern theatre of the American Revolutionary War


    Was the southern theater of war of the American Revolutionary War. It encompassed engagements primarily in Virginia, Georgia and South Carolina.

  • January 1776: Battle of Great Bridge.
  • December 1782: British evacuate Charleston, South Carolina.

  • 3.1.Snow Campaign

    Was a U.S. military campaign in Carolina during the American Revolutionary War.

  • November 1776: By November 27 a Colonial army led by Colonel Richardson reached the Congaree River.
  • December 1776: By December 2, 1776, General George Washington had reached the Dutch Fork region in South Carolina.
  • December 1776: The Patriot force occupied the North Carolina interior by December 23. The Patriot forces then made their way back toward the coast.
  • September 1775: Patriot militia seized Fort Johnson, the principal fortification overlooking the Charleston harbor.

  • 3.2.British invasion of Georgia

    Was the British invasion and conquest of territories in Georgia during the American Revolutionary War.

  • February 1779: British take control of Augusta.
  • June 1781: U.S. forces recovered Augusta by siege in 1781.
  • December 1778: A British expeditionary corps of 3,500 men from New York, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Campbell, captured Savannah, Georgia.
  • January 1779: A British force under General Augustin Prevost captures Fort Morris. This victory places eastern Georgia completely under British control.
  • July 1782: Savannah remained in British hands until 11 July 1782.

  • 3.3.British conquest of South Carolina

    Was the British invasion and conquest of large territories in South Carolian during the American Revolutionary War.

  • May 1780: Battle of Waxhaws. The British crush the last organized resistance in South Carolina.
  • August 1780: British victory in the Battle of Camden.
  • May 1780: Charleston (South Carolina) surrenders to British Geneal Henry Clinton after a six-week siege.
  • February 1781: Battle of Cowan's Ford. British cavalry under Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton cross the Catawba River.
  • March 1781: Battle of Guilford Court House near Greensboro, North Carolina. British victory.
  • May 1781: Siege of Ninety-Six, South Carolina.
  • September 1781: Battle of Eutaw Springs (Eutawville, South Carolina).
  • June 1781: British relief ends the Siege of Ninety-Six.

  • 3.4.Yorktown campaign

    Was a series of military maneuvers and battles during the American Revolutionary War that culminated in the Siege of Yorktown in October 1781.

  • July 1781: Battle of Green Spring (modern-day James City County, Virginia).
  • January 1781: The Raid on Richmond in 1780 was led by American cavalry officer Colonel Banastre Tarleton during the American Revolutionary War. The British forces successfully captured and plundered the capital of Virginia, Richmond, which was a significant blow to the American rebels.
  • April 1781: Battle of Blandford (modern-day Petersburg, Virginia).
  • February 1781: The Raid on Richmond in 1781 was led by British cavalry officer Banastre Tarleton during the American Revolutionary War. The raid resulted in the capture of Virginia Governor Thomas Jefferson and the burning of the city of Richmond. This event was part of the British strategy to weaken the American forces and gain control of the southern colonies.
  • September 1781: Start of the American Siege of Yorktown.

  • 4. New York and New Jersey campaign


    Was a series of American Revolutionary War battles for control of the Port of New York and the state of New Jersey, fought between British forces under General Sir William Howe and the Continental Army under General George Washington.

  • December 1776: British took took Newport, Rhode Island.
  • August 1776: Battle of Long Island. British victory.
  • October 1776: Battle of Pell's Point. British victory.
  • November 1776: Fort Washington, New York, is attacked by superior British forces.
  • December 1776: He sent General Lord Cornwallis to chase Washington's army through New Jersey. The Americans withdrew across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania in early December.
  • October 1776: General William Howe and 13,500 British and Hessians square off against General George Washington and 14,500 Americans at White Plains, New York. British victory.

  • 4.1.American Counterattack in New York and New Yersey (American Revolutionary War)

    Was the U.S. counterattack to the British invasion of New York and New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War.

  • January 1776: General Howe withdrew most of his army from New Jersey, only leaving outposts at New Brunswick and Perth Amboy.

  • 4.2.British Invasion of New York and New Jersey

    Was the British invasion of New York and New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War.

  • August 1776: The British forces, led by General William Howe, landed on the shores of Gravesend Bay in southwest Kings County, across the Narrows from Staten Island in 1776. This marked the beginning of the British occupation of New York City during the American Revolutionary War.

  • 5. Saratoga campaign


    Was an attempt by the British high command for North America to gain military control of the strategically important Hudson River valley during the American Revolutionary War.

  • December 1777: British troops withdrew from Ticonderoga and Crown Point.
  • July 1777: Battle of Fort Anne. The fort falls to the British.
  • September 1777: The British army had reached a position just north of Saratoga.
  • December 1777: Lake Champlain was free of British troops by early December.
  • July 1777: The British win the battle of Skenesborough.
  • September 1777: In 1777, American General Philip Schuyler led a campaign to reclaim Skenesboro (now Whitehall, New York) from the British during the American Revolutionary War. The British had abandoned the territory, allowing the Americans to take control.
  • October 1777: British Lieutenant General John Burgoyne surrendered to the Americans.
  • July 1777: Battle of Hubbardton.

  • 6. Philadelphia Campaign


    Was a British effort in the American Revolutionary War to gain control of Philadelphia, which was then the seat of the Revolutionary-era Second Continental Congress.

  • September 1777: Battle of Paoli.
  • September 1777: British occupation of Philadelphia.
  • October 1777: The British captured Fort Billingsport on the Delaware in New Jersey.
  • June 1778: British General Henry Clinton moved his troops from Philadelphia to New York in 1778 in order to increase that city's defenses against a possible Franco-American attack.
  • August 1777: General Howe landed 15,000 troops in late August at the northern end of the Chesapeake Bay.

  • 7. Western theatre of the American Revolutionary War


    Was the western theater of war of the American Revolutionary War. It encompassed engagements primarily in the Ohio Valley, Great Lakes region and Spanish Louisiana.

    7.1.Illinois Campaign

    Was a series of engagements during the American Revolutionary War in which a small force of Virginia militia led by George Rogers Clark seized control of several British posts in the Illinois Country of the Province of Quebec, located in modern-day Illinois and Indiana in the Midwestern United States.

  • July 1778: In late 1778, George Rogers Clark, a militia officer from Virginia, launched a campaign to take over the Illinois country, where the British had few garrisons. With a company of volunteers, Clark captured Kaskaskia.
  • January 1779: U.S. troops capture Vincennes at the end of 1778.
  • February 1779: Clark marches on Vincennes in a surprise winter march and captures British Lieutenant Hamilton.
  • January 1779: The combined British/Indian column of Lieutenant Colonel Henry Hamilton recaptures the distant settlement of Vincennes (Indiana) from Captain Leonard Helm.

  • 8. Anglo-French War (1778-1783)


    Was a war between France, allied to the United States, and Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War.

  • June 1779: In 1779, French military leaders D'Estaing and de Bouille launched operations against British possessions in the Caribbean. They successfully captured the isle of Saint Vincent on June 18th, as part of their strategic campaign in the region.
  • November 1781: In 1781, French forces led by Admiral de Grasse occupied the Dutch part of Saint Martin during the Anglo-French War. The French control would last until 1784 when the Treaty of Paris returned the territory to the Dutch.
  • September 1783: Grenada and Saint Vincent were captured by the French during the American Revolutionary War. The 1783 Treaty of Paris, which ended the war, required France to return both territories to Britain.
  • September 1783: St Kitts was recognised as British territory in the Treaty of Paris.
  • January 1781: The French retook Mahé in 1780.
  • March 1781: 17 March 1781 - 26 November 1781: British occupation of Saint Bartholomew (Saint Barthélemy).
  • September 1778: Early on 7 September 1778, French forces landed on the southeastern coast of the island. They rapidly took over some of the island's defenses, and eventually gained control of the high ground overlooking the island capital, Roseau.
  • March 1779: In March 1779, during the Anglo-French War, British forces led by Admiral Edward Hughes and General James Stuart captured Mahé from the French, marking a significant victory for Great Britain in the Indian Ocean region.
  • November 1781: 25 Nov 1781 -  7 Feb 1784: French occupation of Sint Estatius.
  • November 1781: 17 March 1781 - 26 November 1781: British occupation of Saint Bartholomew (Saint Barthélemy).
  • January 1782: The French captured Tobago, in 1781.
  • April 1782: The French fleet of Comte de Grasse, which aimed to annex British Jamaica, left Martinique and headed towards the archipelago of les Saintes. Caught in the Dominica Passage by the British and inferior in number, it was crushed by the vessels of the vices-admirals of Great Britain, Baron George Brydges Rodney and Viscount Samuel Hood. The defeat put les Saintes under British control.
  • January 1783: During the American Revolutionary War, French Admiral Comte de Grasse captured Montserrat in 1782 as part of France's support for the American colonies against British rule. This military occupation lasted until the end of the war.
  • September 1783: The Treaty of Paris (1783) confirmed the Turks and Caicos islands as a British colony. This treaty was signed by representatives of Great Britain, France, and Spain, officially ending the American Revolutionary War.
  • September 1783: The Treaty of Versailles in 1783 ended the Anglo-French War and resulted in the British regaining control of St. Vincent and the Grenadines from France. This marked the beginning of British colonial rule in the territory.
  • September 1783: In 1783, the French agreed to return the island of Montserrat to Great Britain under the Treaty of Paris. This decision was made after the French had briefly occupied the territory but had no intention of fully colonizing it.
  • February 1785: Karikal was a French colonial territory in India. The territory was restored to French control on 26 Feb 1785 as part of a treaty between the French and the British East India Company. This event was significant for the French colonial presence in India during the late 18th century.
  • March 1785: British conquest of Yanaon.
  • June 1785: Chandernagore was a French colony in India. On 27 June 1785, the territory was transferred to British control following a treaty signed between Governor-General of India Warren Hastings and French Governor-General Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau.
  • January 1780: Gorée was part of Great Britain in 1779-1783.
  • January 1781: French reconquest of Martinique.
  • March 1783: The French captured the Turks and Caicos islands 1783.
  • July 1779: The French army captured Grenada.
  • January 1780: British occupation of Martinique.
  • November 1781: 3 Feb 1781 - 26 Nov 1781: British occupation of Saba.
  • January 1785: During the Anglo-French War, the British forces led by Admiral George Rodney captured St. Lucia from the French in 1778. However, the Treaty of Paris in 1783 returned the island to French control, officially transferring it back to Martinique in 1784.
  • February 1785: In 1785, Pondichéry was restored to France as part of the Treaty of Paris. This territory had been under British control since 1761. The return of Pondichéry was negotiated by French diplomat Charles Maurice de Talleyrand and marked a significant victory for France in the region.
  • February 1784: 25 Nov 1781 -  7 Feb 1784: French occupation of Sint Estatius.
  • September 1783: The Treaty of Paris (1783) returned Dominica to British control.

  • 8.1.Capture of St. Lucia

    Was the French capture of St. Lucia, in the Caribbean, during the American Revolutionary War.

  • December 1778: Battle of St. Lucia.
  • December 1778: Upon the British ships' arrival on December 13, Major General James Grant ordered Brigadier General William Medows to land with a force of 1,400 at Grand Cul-de-Sac.
  • December 1778: In 1778, during the American Revolutionary War, General James Grant led the British forces to capture the fort at Morne Fortune and the capital, Castries, in Saint Lucia. This military occupation was part of Britain's strategy to secure the Caribbean islands during the conflict.
  • December 1778: In 1778, during the Anglo-French War, a force of 9,000 French troops led by Admiral d'Estaing was landed near Castries, St. Lucia to attack General Medows' smaller force of 1,400 British troops. The territory ultimately went to Martinique, a French colony.
  • December 1778: The French garrison, led by Governor Francois Claude Amour, surrendered to British Admiral Samuel Barrington on 28 December 1778. The remaining French troops, including Governor Amour, embarked on their ships that same night, marking the British military occupation of the coast near Castries.

  • 8.2.French Invasion of St. Kitts

    Was the French invasion of St. Kitts, in the Caribbean, during the American Revolutionary War.

  • January 1782: After landing on Saint Kitts, the French troops of the Marquis de Bouillé stormed and besieged Brimstone Hill.
  • January 1782: French forces land on Saint Kitts.
  • February 1782: After a month of siege the heavily outnumbered and cut-off British garrison of St. Christopher surrendered to the French.

  • 9. Northern theatre of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga


    Was the northern theater of war of the American Revolutionary War after the British Saratoga campaign. It encompassed engagements in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New England.

  • July 1780: The Battle of Connecticut Farms, fought June 7, 1780, was one of the last major battles between British and American forces in the northern colonies during the American Revolutionary War.
  • June 1779: In May 1779 British General Clinton captured the outpost at Stony Point, New York.
  • June 1780: The Battle of Connecticut Farms, fought June 7, 1780, was one of the last major battles between British and American forces in the northern colonies during the American Revolutionary War.
  • July 1780: The Battle of Springfield was fought during the American Revolutionary War on June 23, 1780, in Union County, New Jersey.
  • June 1780: The Battle of Springfield was fought during the American Revolutionary War on June 23, 1780, in Union County, New Jersey.

  • 10. Anglo-Spanish War (1779-1783)


    Was a war between Spain and Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War.

    10.1.North American Theatre (Anglo-Spanish War of 1779-1783)

    North American theatre of the Anglo-Spanish War (1779-1783).

  • April 1780: Spanish conquest of Mobile, the Capital of British West Florida.
  • May 1780: Battle of Saint Louis. The 310-man Spanish garrison at St.Louis repulse an attack by 300 British soldiers and 900 Indians under Captain Emanuel Hesse.
  • September 1779: Battle of Baton Rouge. Spanish forces under Don Bernardo de Gálvez capture the remote British post at Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
  • May 1781: The Spanish siege of Pensacola (1781) results in the occupation of the city.
  • October 1779: In September 1779 the Spanish captured Fort Bute.
  • April 1780: In 1780, during the American Revolutionary War, the British surrendered Fort Rosalie at Natchez to Spanish forces.
  • January 1781: A Spanish expedition into present-day Illinois led to the occupation of Fort St. Joseph.

  • 10.2.Central America (Anglo-Spanish War of 1779-1783)

    Central American theatre of the Anglo-Spanish War (1779-1783).

  • May 1783: In April 1783, the island of Nassau was recaptured by the British forces.
  • May 1780: The siege of the Fortress of the Immaculate Conception in April ended in success for the British, who, however, as well as short of supplies, were decimated by the diseases brought by the abundant tropical rains that fell on the region.
  • December 1780: The British forces, led by General John Campbell, attempted to capture Fortezza dell'Immacolata Concezione in 1780 during the Spanish American War. However, they were unsuccessful and ultimately withdrew in November without achieving their objective.
  • August 1782: In 1782, the British, led by Governor Alexander Lindsay, responded to the Spanish occupation of the Black River settlement by regrouping the settlers and sending reinforcements from Jamaica. The British forces, along with the settlers, successfully recaptured the territory from the disease-depleted Spanish force.
  • June 1782: The Spanish force was led by Bernardo de Gálvez, a Spanish military leader who played a key role in the American Revolutionary War. The capture of Nassau was part of Spain's efforts to support the American colonies in their fight against British rule.
  • April 1782: The Black River settlement was located in present-day Belize. The Spanish forces were led by Governor Arturo O'Neill, while the British garrison was under the command of Captain Thomas Paslow. The settlers were primarily British logwood cutters and their families.

  • 10.3.Invasion of Minorca

    Was the reconquest of Menorca by Franco-Spanish forces during the American Revolutionary War.

  • August 1781: In 1781, during the American Revolutionary War, Georgetown (today Es Castell, on the Island of Menorca) was captured by Spanish forces led by Governor Bernardo de Gálvez. Only 152 prisoners were taken as the Spanish military occupation of the territory began.
  • August 1781: Spanish Admiral Luis de Córdova led the Spanish fleet in the Battle of Cape Spartel in 1781. The fleet successfully landed at Mesquida bay, marking the beginning of Spain's military occupation of the territory.
  • August 1781: In 1781, during the American Revolutionary War, Spanish troops led by Bernardo de Gálvez captured the British-held territories of Ciudadela and Fornells in Menorca. The small British garrison of about 50 men offered little resistance.
  • August 1781: When the Spanish troops entered the town of Mahón, most of the remaining population was on their side, and greeted them with cheers.
  • February 1782: The Siege of Fort St. Philip in 1782 was a key battle during the Anglo-Spanish War. The British forces, led by General Murray, defended the fort against the Spanish, led by the Duke of Crillon. After a long and bloody siege, the fort fell to the Spanish, leading to the military occupation of Menorca by Spain.

  • 11. Fourth Anglo-Dutch War


    Was a conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Dutch Republic during the American Revolutionary War.

  • January 1782: Sadras, a town in India, was captured by the British East India Company.
  • January 1784: Sadras, a territory in Dutch Coromandel, was returned to the British under the Treaty of Paris in 1784. This decision was made after negotiations between the British and the Dutch, following the end of the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War.
  • February 1781: British forces captured Sint Eustatius.
  • February 1781: In 1781, the British military occupied the entire island of Saint Martin in the Caribbean.
  • April 1781: During the American Revolutionary War, the British military under the command of Sir George Rodney and Sir John Vaughan captured the Dutch colonies of Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo in 1781. This was part of the British strategy to secure control over the valuable sugar-producing colonies in the Caribbean.
  • February 1782: During the period of 27 February 1782 to February 1783, the French military occupied the colonies of Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo after forcing Governor Robert Kinston to surrender. This was part of the larger conflict between France and Britain during the American Revolutionary War.
  • March 1784: During the French occupation of Saba from November 26, 1781, to February 1784, the island was under the control of the French government. This period ended when the territory was transferred to the Dutch West India Company in 1784.
  • May 1784: The Treaty of Paris of 1784 returned Fort Nassau, Fort Amsterdam, Fort Lijdzaamheid, Fort Goede Hoop, and Fort Crêvecoeur to the Dutch, ending the hostilities between the Dutch and the British over control of the Dutch Gold Coast.
  • May 1784: The Treaty of Paris of 1784 was signed between Great Britain and the Netherlands, ending the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War. As a result, Fort Sekondi in the British Gold Coast was returned to the Dutch, as stipulated in the treaty.
  • November 1781: The Siege of Negapatam in 1781 was a military conflict between British forces led by Admiral Sir Edward Hughes and French forces commanded by Admiral Suffren during the Anglo-French War. The British eventually captured Negapatam, a key port city in India, leading to its military occupation by Great Britain.
  • August 1782: In August, the French recaptured Trincomalee.
  • February 1784: The French leave the Dutch part of southern Saint Martin.
  • May 1784: In 1784, the British crown returned Trincomalee to the States General of Dutch Ceylon, along with other Dutch territories captured during the war. The East India Company forces were involved in the conquest of these towns, forts, harbors, and settlements.
  • August 1781: Henry Botham, one of the directors, commandeered the fleet, and with 100 company soldiers sailed for Padang. On 18 August, Jacob van Heemskerk, the VOC chief resident at Padang, surrendered all of the west coast outposts without a fight, unaware that Botham's force was relatively weak.
  • February 1781: 3 Feb 1781 - 26 Nov 1781: British occupation of Saba.
  • January 1783: In 1782, during the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War, Britain seized Fort Nassau, Fort Amsterdam, Fort Lijdzaamheid, Fort Goede Hoop, and Fort Crêvecoeur from the Dutch. This was part of Britain's military occupation of the Dutch territories during the war.
  • May 1784: End of British occupation of Dutch Bengal.
  • January 1782: British forces captured Trincomalee.
  • January 1783: The Dutch Republic only managed to seize Fort Sekondi from the British.
  • July 1781: British occupation of Dutch Bengal.

  • 11.1.Treaty of Paris (1783)

    Was the treaty that officially ended the American Revolutionary War between the United States and Great Britain as well as various other related wars. The treaty set the boundaries between British North America and the United States.


    Selected Sources


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