natal
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The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Natalia Republic
Natal Colony
Establishment
January 1840: After the battle, Pretorius took advantage of dissension in the Zulu kingdom to ally himself with Mpande, brother of the Zulu king Dingane. At the Battle of Maqongqo, Dingane was crushed and was put to flight with what retainers chose to follow him into exile. Pretorius took 36,000 head of cattle and proclaimed a large tract of land extending from St Lucia Bay to be part of the Natalia Republic.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were two wars between the British Empire and the independent Boer republics of South Africa. The British wanted to extend their control over the interior of South Africa and its resources. At the end of the two wars the Boer Republics became British colonies.
1.1.Second Boer War
Was a war that saw the British Empire fight against two Boer republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. At the end of the war the Boer republics became part of the British Empire.
1.1.1.Boer offensive
Was a military invasion of the British Colony of Natal by the Boers during the Second Boer War.
October 1899: The Boer force, led by General Piet Joubert, occupied Elandslaagte during the Second Boer War in 1899. This strategic victory allowed the South African Republic and Free State of Orange to gain control of the territory through military occupation.
November 1899: The Siege of Ladysmith took place during the Second Boer War, with British forces under the command of Sir George White being besieged by Boer forces led by General Piet Joubert. The siege lasted for 118 days, from November 1899 to February 1900, before being relieved by British reinforcements.
1.1.2.British offensive (Second Boer War)
Was a British military campaign in the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. Both were occupied by the British.
February 1900: Siege of Ladysmith by British forces from the Natal Colony.
September 1900: The British declared the Second Boer War over on 3 September 1900. The occupied territories ceased to be under military occupation, and the South African Republic was annexed, becoming the Transvaal Colony. Minor parts of the territories of the Republic were integrated into the Cape and Natal Colonies.
The Union of South Africa came into being on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the Cape Colony, the Natal Colony, the Transvaal, and the Orange River Colony.
May 1910: The Union of South Africa came into being on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the Cape Colony, the Natal Colony, the Transvaal, and the Orange River Colony.
May 1843: Natalia was proclaimed a British colony after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia.
January 1847: In 1847 after buying land from the Zulu king Mpande, a number of Boers settled in the area and called it the Republic of Klip River with Andries Spies as their commandant.
January 1848: The Republic of Klip River was annexed by the British.
May 1885: As a result of a brief Anglo-German confrontation, the 1885 request was denied in favor of older United Kingdom rights. The German Imperial Government finally issued a waiver in London on May 7, 1885.
January 1898: The colony of Natal annexed Zululand.
February 1903: As one result of the Second Boer War, an addition was made to the territory of Natal, consisting of a portion of what had previously been included in the Transvaal. An act authorizing the annexation was passed during 1902 and the territories were formally transferred to Natal in January 1903.
Disestablishment
May 1910: The Union of South Africa came into being on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the Cape Colony, the Natal Colony, the Transvaal, and the Orange River Colony.
Selected Sources
Leacock S. The Union of South Africa. American Political Science Review. 1910;4(4):498-507. doi:10.2307/1944928
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