svaneti
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The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Principality of Svaneti
Principality of Svaneti (Russia)
Establishment
January 1492: Gelovani established themselves as virtually independent princes when Georgia fragmented, in the 1460s (officially 1490/1491).
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a military expedition undertaken by the Ottoman Empire against its tributary states in western Georgia.
August 1703: In 1703, the Ottoman navy landed in Mingrelia, a territory in present-day Georgia.
October 1703: On 22 August, Ottoman Sultan Mustafa was forced to abdicate in a coup, which come to be known as the Edirne event. The new sultan, Ahmed III, refused to continue the war in Georgia and left the area.
Was a war between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire.
2.1.Treaty of Bucharest
The Treaty of Bucharest between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire, was signed on 28 May 1812 at the end of the Russo-Turkish War of 1806-12. The eastern half of the Principality of Moldavia was ceded by the Ottoman Empire to Russia.
July 1812: The Ottoman Empire regained Poti, Anapa and Akhalkalali. Russia retained Sukhum-Kale on the Abkhazian coast.
Was a war between Russia and an alliance comprising the Ottoman Empire, France, the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Sardinia.
3.1.Caucasus theatre (Crimean War)
Was the Caucasian theatre of the Crimean War.
November 1855: Ottoman field marshal Omar Pasha crossed the Ingur River on 7 November.
November 1855: Kars surrendered to Russian forces on 8 November.
March 1856: The Treaty of Paris of 1856 settled the Crimean War between the Russian Empire: it restored the respective territories of the Russian and the Ottoman Empires to their prewar boundaries, with the exception of southern Bessarabia which was lost by Russia to the Ottoman Empire.
Was a series of Russian military expeditions into northern Caucasus that resulted in the inglobation of this region in the Russian Empire.
January 1859: In 1858, the principality of Svaneti was abolished and converted into a district administered by a Russian-appointed officer (pristav).
January 1834: In the 1820s, the Principality of Svaneti effectively split into two as a result of a blood feud between the rival Dadeshkeliani branches. Through the mediation by the princes of Mingrelia, both branches accepted nominal Russian suzerainty in 1833.
Disestablishment
January 1859: In 1858, the principality of Svaneti was abolished and converted into a district administered by a Russian-appointed officer (pristav).
Selected Sources
Treaty of Paris (1856), https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10557776?page=,1
