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Was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Germany, the Kingdom of Italy, and the Empire of Japan.
Establishment
April 1941: By 15 April, Italian troops pushed the British back to the border at Sollum and besieged Tobruk.
May 1941: Axis forces re-captured the Halfaya Pass.
November 1941: British conquest in Lybia and Egypt during the offensive of general Auchinleck.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
1.1.World War II (North African Theatre)
Was the North African theatre of World War II.
1.1.1.Operation Sonnenblume
Was a joint German and Italian military Campaign against British forces in Cyrenaica, during World War II.
1.1.2.Operation Skorpion
Was a military operation where the Axis re-captured Halfaya Pass, Egypt.
1.1.3.Operation Crusader
Was a military operation of the Western Desert Campaign during the Second World War by the British Eighth Army against the Axis forces.
1.1.4.Battle of Gazala
Was a battle between the Axis and British forces west of the port of Tobruk in Libya, during World War II.
June 1942: Rommel crossed the border into Egypt by occupying Sidi Barrani.
June 1942: The 7th Bersaglieri Regiment (Trento Division) occupied the fortified camp of Marsa Matruh.
July 1942: On 1 July the Axis forces arrived in front of El Alamein. The Allies withdrew to a defensive line between El Alamein, near the sea, and the desert.
1.1.5.Battle of Alam el Halfa
Was a battle between the Axis and British forces in Egypt, during World War II.
August 1942: Axis forces attack deep into British Egypt territory.
September 1942: Axis retreat to initial positions in North Africa.
1.1.6.British Invasion of Libya
Was a British military campaign in Italian Libya during World War II that resulted in the occupation of the region.
1.1.6.1.Second Battle of El Alamein
Was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein.
November 1942: British offensive in Lybia and Egypt.
Disestablishment
June 1942: Rommel crossed the border into Egypt by occupying Sidi Barrani.
June 1942: The 7th Bersaglieri Regiment (Trento Division) occupied the fortified camp of Marsa Matruh.
July 1942: On 1 July the Axis forces arrived in front of El Alamein. The Allies withdrew to a defensive line between El Alamein, near the sea, and the desert.
August 1942: Axis forces attack deep into British Egypt territory.
September 1942: Axis retreat to initial positions in North Africa.
November 1942: British offensive in Lybia and Egypt.
Selected Sources
North Africa, Auchinleck's Offensive, 18 November-31 December 1941. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope35Combined.jpg
Pursuit To Tunisia, November 1942-February 1943. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope38Combined.jpg
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.43
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.53
Axis
