Tortuga (French and English Condomiunium)

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French and English settlers arrived on the Caribbean island of Tortuga from 1625.

Establishment

January 1626: In 1625, French and English settlers arrived on the island of Tortuga after initially planning to settle on the island of Hispaniola.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Events

January 1630: Tortuga was a Caribbean island known for being a haven for pirates and privateers. The French and English settlers were attacked by the Spanish under the command of Don Fadrique de Toledo, who sought to assert Spanish control over the territory. The Spanish forces fortified the island and successfully expelled the French and English settlers in 1629.

January 1631: Anglo-French occupation of Tortuga.

January 1636: Spanish reconquest of Tortuga.

January 1638: Anglo-French occupation of Tortuga.

January 1639: Spanish reconquest of Tortuga.

January 1640: Anglo-French occupation of Tortuga.

January 1655: Spanish reconquest of Tortuga.

January 1656: In 1655 Tortuga was reoccupied by English and French interlopers under Elias Watts, who secured a commission from Col. William Brayne, acting as military Governor on Jamaica, to serve as "Governor" of Tortuga.

Disestablishment

January 1661: The English appointed a Frenchman Jeremie Deschamps as Governor who proclaimed the King of France, set up French colours, and defeated several English attempts to reclaim the island.