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Polity that includes all territories militarly occupied by Israel that are not part of a specific military territory.
Establishment
December 1948: On 29 December the Israeli Eighty-second and Ninth battallions arrived at the outksirts of El Arīsh (Egypt).
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a series of related conflicts that took place in Lebanon from 1975 to 1990. The first phase was the Syrian invasion of Lebanon, which Syria wanted to reduce to a client state. Because the Palestinian Liberation organization operated from south Lebanon, Israel later invaded the country twice. .
June 1982: In 1982, during the Lebanon War, Israeli troops led by the Golani Brigade captured Beaufort Castle after a fierce battle. The castle was a strategic stronghold held by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and its capture was a significant victory for Israel in the conflict.
1.1.1978 South Lebanon conflict
Was the Israeli invasion and occupation of Southern Lebanon in response to attack by Palestinian militants based in the region.
March 1978: During the seven-day offensive in Lebanon, Israeli forces first occupied a strip about 10 kilometers wide.
March 1978: On March 14, 1978, Israel launched Operation Litani, occupying the area south of the Leontes, except Tire, with more than 25,000 troops.
January 1979: Israeli forces withdrew later in 1978, turning over positions inside Lebanon to their ally, the South Lebanon Army (SLA) militia under the leadership of Maj. Saad Haddad.
1.2.1982 Lebanon War
Was an Israeli invasion of Lebanon. Israel wanted to end the attacks by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon. .
June 1982: One Israeli division bypassed Mount Hermon via a road bulldozed by Israeli military engineers and cleared the town of Hasbaiya.
June 1982: The road junction at Nabatieh was secured by Israeli forces on the first day of the 1982 Lebanon War. This military operation was led by Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon and aimed to drive out PLO forces from southern Lebanon.
June 1982: The easternmost Israeli force penetrated into the Bekaa Valley.
June 1982: Battle of Jezzine.
June 1982: Israeli forces secured Burj ash-Shamali and al-Bass.
June 1982: Israeli forces, led by Defense Minister Ariel Sharon and Chief of Staff Rafael Eitan, completed the capture of Sidon in 1982 during the Lebanon War. The city was a strategic target for Israel in their military occupation of Lebanon.
June 1982: It took four days of combat for the Israeli forces to secure Rashidiya.
June 1982: On 11 June 1982, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Syrian President Hafez al-Assad agreed to a cease-fire at noon, excluding the PLO.
June 1982: In 1982, during the Lebanon War, Israeli forces captured Rachaiya, Kfar Quoq, Yanta, and Joub Jannine.
June 1982: As the Israeli advance on Beirut pressed forward in the west, reaching Khalde on 11 June.
June 1982: Ain Zhalta, a village in Lebanon, fell under Israeli military occupation.
June 1982: The Siege of Beirut in 1982 was part of the Lebanon War, with Israeli forces led by Defense Minister Ariel Sharon encircling the city to root out PLO fighters. The siege lasted for months and resulted in heavy civilian casualties.
June 1982: By 25 June, with the remaining Syrian positions on and north of the highway no longer tenable, the Syrians withdrew. The Israelis allowed the withdrawal to occur but conducted artillery harassment and continued to shell the outskirts of Chtaura.
August 1982: Siege of Beirut.
September 1983: In August 1983, Israel withdrew from the Chouf District (southeast of Beirut).
February 1985: In January 1985, Unity Prime Minister Shimon Peres and Defense Minister Yitzhak Rabin brought a decision on the IDF exit from Lebanon to the government and a withdrawal to a new line called the "Security Strip".
is an ongoing conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbours, as well as with Palestine, an area factually controlled by Israel itself. The conflict begun when the British Mandate in Palestine (a former Ottoman territory) was partitioned into an Arab and a Jewish state.
2.1.2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon
In October 2024, Israel initiated a military invasion of southern Lebanon in response to escalating tensions with Hezbollah. A ceasefire was announced on November 27, 2024, brokered by the United States and France.
October 2024: IDF forces captured Hezbollah infrastructure in the towns of Kafr Kila, Ayta ash Shab, and Meiss Ej Jabal.
October 2024: IsraeIi soldiers entering Maroun al-Ras from its eastern side.
October 2024: The IDF was filmed raising the Israeli flag in Maroun al-Ras.
October 2024: The IDF withdrew from Maroun al-Ras.
October 2024: Israeli forces reached the outskirts of Kafr Kila.
November 2024: Israeli soldiers and Hezbollah fighters were engaged in clashes in the outskirts of Aitaroun.
November 2024: Israeli troops captured a hill in Chamaa.
November 2024: Hezbollah fighters destroyed an Israeli Merkava tank that had reached Al Bayyadah, a town in the vicinity of Naqoura.
November 2024: The IDF entered the town of Deir Mimas.
November 2024: The IDF entered Mais al-Jabal.
November 2024: The IDF entered Markaba.
November 2024: Israeli tanks entered the western side of Khiam.
December 2024: Israeli forces opened fire at homes in Naqoura with machine guns.
December 2024: The IDF withdrew from Khiam in compliance with a ceasefire agreement.
December 2024: Israeli forces demolished several houses in Tayr Harfa.
December 2024: Israeli forces demolished several houses in Yaroun.
January 2025: Israeli forces demolished several houses in Houla.
2.2.Israeli invasion of Syria
After the Fall of the Assad Regime, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu ordered the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) to take control of the Purple Line, a demilitarized zone from which Israeli forces had withdrawn in 1974, until a new agreement could be reached with the emerging Syrian government.
December 2024: On 8 December 2024, Al Arabiya reported that Israel had taken control of Tell al-Hara.
December 2024: Israeli forces entered the town of Khan Arnabah.
December 2024: Benjamin Netanyahu ordered the Israeli military to take control of the Purple Line, a demilitarized zone from which Israeli forces had withdrawn in 1974, until a new agreement could be reached with the emerging Syrian government.
December 2024: Israeli tanks were also reported as far as Qatana, 26 kilometres (16 mi) from Damascus
December 2024: The presence of Israeli forces was reported in Ma'ariya.
December 2024: Israeli forces occupied Jamlah.
2.3.Israel-Hamas war
An armed conflict between Israel and Hamas, a Gaza-based Palestinian nationalist Sunni Islamist political organisation with a military wing. The war started when Hamas invaded nearby Israeli territories, triggering a response by the Israeli forces which started an invasion of the Gaza Strip.
October 2024: Israely forces were present west of Beit Lahia.
2.3.1.Invasion of the Gaza Strip
After Hamas Invasion of Israel (October 2023), the Israeli Defense Forces launched a full-scale invasion of the Gaza Strip.
October 2023: Israel began an invasion of the Gaza Strip, launching a large-scale ground assault on the towns of Beit Hanoun and Bureij.
October 2023: Israeli forces approach Beit Lahia.
November 2023: An Israeli armored unit was spotted west of Al-Mughraqa.
November 2023: The siege of Gaza City started.
November 2023: Clashes were reported in the Zeitoun and Shuja'iyya neighborhoods of Gaza.
November 2023: IDF units reached the western outskirts of Netzarim where they were ambushed by Hamas militants.
November 2023: Israeli ground forces advanced towards the Indonesian Hospital.
November 2023: Israeli tanks surrounded four hospitals, al-Rantisi Hospital, al-Nasr Hospital, and the eye and mental health hospitals, from all directions.
November 2023: The Indonesian Hospital of Gaza is occupied
December 2023: Israeli forces stormed Kamal Adwan Hospital after shelling it for several days.
December 2023: The al-Ahli Arab Hospital was attacked, with displaced people forced out and two doctors arrested.
December 2023: Doctors Without Borders reported Israeli troops seized Al-Awda Hospital
December 2023: The IDF announced that its 99th Division completed operations in southern Gaza City and the 39th Division had completed operations in Shuja'iyya.
December 2023: Israeli army attacks were reported in the vicinity of El-Amal City Hospital in Khan Yunis.
January 2024: The al-Amal Hospital was attacked by Israeli forces.
January 2024: The al-Qassem Brigades ambushed an IDF infantry squad in Bani Suheila, Khan Yunis and claimed to have killed and injured multiple soldiers.
January 2024: The IDF gained control of Khirbat Ikhza'a village after weeks of fighting.
January 2024: The IDF said that it had reached the southernmost parts of Khan Yunis.
January 2024: The IDF said it had encircled Khan Yunis and deepened its operations in the area.
January 2024: An Israeli tank attacked a car in Tal al-Hawa, killing a 6-year old girl and five of her family members, a cousin and two PRCS paramedics attempted to help her but were later killed by Israeli forces.
March 2024: The IDF carried out a "massacre" in the Al Mawasi area of Khan Yunis, killing the Abdul Ghafour family and their animals.
May 2024: Israeli ground forces seized control of the Gaza side of the Rafah crossing, starting the Rafah offensive.
May 2024: The Givati Brigade separately seized the portion of Salah al-Din Road in eastern Rafah in an overnight operation.
May 2024: The IAF targeted a house in the al-Janina neighbourhood in Rafah
May 2024: On 14 May, the IDF entered the city of Rafah proper, advancing into the Brazil, Jneina and al-Salam neighborhoods of eastern Rafah.
May 2024: The IDF said it began operations against militants in the center of Jabalia and had engaged in intense battles
May 2024: On 22 May, Israeli tanks reached the westernmost point in their offensive, advancing to the outskirts of the Yibna suburb after heavy clashes overnight.
May 2024: On 23 May, the IDF continued its advance towards Yibna.
May 2024: Residents told Reuters that IDF tanks and armored vehicles had entered central Rafah on 28 May, reaching near al-Awda mosque whilst soldiers clashed with Hamas fighters around the Zoroub Hill.
May 2024: The IDF also stated that it had taken "tactical control" of Tel al-Sultan.
May 2024: The IDF said it gained operational control of the Philadelphi Corridor.
May 2024: IDF tanks continued their probing attacks on 29 May, entering Tel al-Sultan, Yibna and Shaboura neighborhoods
June 2024: Israeli forces raided the Sabra and Zeitoun neighborhoods.
June 2024: The IDF said that it took operational control of the Bureij refugee camp and Deir al-Balah.
June 2024: IDF tanks advanced into two more neighborhoods on 9 June, apparently to complete the encirclement of eastern Rafah, triggering clashes with Palestinian militants.
June 2024: On 10 June, IDF tanks advanced northwards in Rafah and attempted to advance in the Shaboura neighborhood.
June 2024: One person was killed and another was injured after Israeli forces attacked the Khirbet al-Adas area in northern Rafah.
June 2024: IDF tanks continued their offensive in Tel al-Sultan, al-Izba, Zurub and Shaboura neighborhoods on 18 June
June 2024: IDF tanks pushed into northern and western Rafah on 21 June after having captured the eastern, southern and central areas
June 2024: Residents on 23 June reported that Israeli tanks had advanced to the outskirts of the camp for displaced people in the Al-Mawasi humanitarian zone
June 2024: Israeli tanks advanced into Shejaiya, Gaza City and ordered its residents to move south.
July 2024: The IDF ordered Palestinians to evacuate the neighborhoods of Tel al-Hawa, Sabra, and Rimal in Gaza City.
2.4.Palestine War
Was a war that took place in Palestine, initially a British Mandate, between the Jewish population and the the Arab population (later with the support of the Arab league) of the region. It is traditionally divided in two phases: a civil war in the final phase of the British Mandate, and a full-scale invasion by a coalition of Arab countries after the British left Palestine. During the war the State of Israel was established.
2.4.1.1948 Arab-Israeli War
Was a war between the newly established State of Israel and a coalition of Arab states. It was the second phase of the Palestine War of 1948. After the evacuation of the British forces from the Mandate for Palestine, Israel declared its independence, and Palestine was invaded by a coalition of Arab states.
2.4.1.1.Southern Front - Operation Horev
Was a military operation by Israeli forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
2.4.2.1949 Armistice Agreements
Were a series of agreements between Israel, Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria that formally ended the 1948 Arab-Israel War.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Israel was left with the part of Mandatory Palestine it had conquered during the war.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Western Jordan remains occupied by Jordan.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. The Gaza strip remains occupied by Egypt.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Israel left the territories that it had occupied outside Mandatory Palestine.
2.5.Suez Crisis
Was an invasion of Egypt in late 1956 by Israel, followed by the United Kingdom and France. The goal was to regain control of the Suez Canal for the Western powers.
October 1956: Israel invades the Gaza Strip and the Sinai and quickly reaches the Canal Zone.
November 1956: Israeli forces halted at a line 16 km from the Suez canal.
November 1956: Israeli attack on Tor.
November 1956: Sharm-El-Sheik conquered by israel.
April 1957: The Israelis refused to host any UN force on Israeli controlled territory and left the Sinai in March 1957.
2.6.Six-Day War
Was a war fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab states (primarily Egypt, Syria, and Jordan) from 5 to 10 June 1967.
June 1967: After the closure of the Straits of Tiran, Israel launched a preemptive attack against Egypt and Jordan.
June 1967: Occupation of the Western Bank by israel after the six day war.
January 1968: The Golan Heights are a rocky plateau in Western Asia that was captured by Israel from Syria in the 1967 Six-Day War.
2.7.Yom Kippur War
Was a war between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria. The war began on October 6, 1973, when the Arab coalition jointly launched a surprise attack against Israel on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur. .
2.7.1.Golan Heights Front
Was the theatre of war in the Golan Heights that saw fights between Syria and Israel during the Yom Kippur War.
October 1973: From 11 to 14 October, Israeli forces pushed into Syrian territory, capturing a further area of almost fifty km² in Bashan.
2.7.2.Egyptian Attacck (Yom Kippur War)
Was the Egyptian military invasion of Israel at the beginning of the Yom Kippur War.
October 1973: In the north, the Egyptian 18th Division attacked the town of El-Qantarah el-Sharqiyya, engaging Israeli forces in and around the town.
October 1973: Ayoun Mousa conquered by Arab Republic of Egypt.
October 1973: Territorial changes based on the known frontline between Israel and Egypt on that date.
2.7.3.Israeli Counterattack (Yom Kippur War)
Was the Israeli counterattack against Egypt during the Yom Kippur War.
October 1973: Battle of Ismaila.
October 1973: Battle of Suez.
2.7.4.Ceasefire (Yom Kippur War)
Was a ceasefire that ended the Yom Kippur War.
October 1973: When a ceasefire ended the Yom Kippur War, Israel had lost territory on the east side of the Suez Canal to Egypt.
October 1973: Israel gained territory west of the canal.
October 1973: Some territories in the Golan Heights are conquered by Arab Republic of Syria.
2.8.South Lebanon conflict (1985-2000)
Was a protracted armed conflict that took place in southern Lebanon from 1985 to 2000. It saw fighting between the Christian-dominated South Lebanon Army (SLA) and Hezbollah-led Muslim guerrillas within the Israeli-occupied "Security Zone".
February 1985: Israel withdrew from Sidon and turned it over to the Lebanese Army.
April 1985: Israel withdrew from the Bekaa valley on 24 April.
April 1985: Retreat of the Israeli forces from Tyre.
May 2000: On 24 May, Israel announced that it would withdraw all troops from South Lebanon. All Israeli forces had withdrawn from Lebanon by the end of the next day.
2.9.2006 Lebanon War
Was a military conflict that opposed the Hezbollah paramilitary forces to Israel and took place in Lebanon and northern Israel.
July 2006: On July 23, 2006, Israeli ground forces entered Lebanon in the Maroun al-Ras area, which lies ahead of several other areas that Israel believes are used as Hezbollah rocket or launch sites.
October 2006: The bulk of Israeli forces withdrew from Lebanon.
December 2006: The last Israeli troops in Lebanon continued to occupy the border village of Ghayar until 3 December 2006.
2.10.Gaza War
Was a three-week armed conflict between Gaza Strip Palestinian paramilitary groups and the Israel Defense Forces.
January 2009: On the morning of January 3, 2009, the Israeli infantry penetrated through several points of the Gaza strip (Beit Lahiya and Beit Hanoun).
January 2009: In the morning following the start of the ground action, the special forces of the State of Israel penetrated as far as the peripheral urban area of Gaza.
January 2009: When the Israeli forces arrived, violent clashes erupted in Dayr al-Balah and Bureyj, located in the central area of the Gaza Strip.
January 2009: Israeli military action has extended to the city of Khan Yunis.
January 2009: On 18 January 2009, the Sharm el Sheikh Peace Conference took place, strongly desired by Western governments and by Egyptian Mubarak, which led to the acceptance of a truce by Israel and the withdrawal from Gaza on condition that the borders are guarded to prevent arms smuggling. The following week Israel completed the withdrawal of its army.
2.11.2014 Israel-Gaza conflict
Was a military operation launched by Israel on 8 July 2014 in the Gaza Strip, a Palestinian territory that has been governed by Hamas since 2007.
July 2014: The Israeli military entered Shuja'iyya, a populous neighborhood of Gaza City, resulting in heavy fighting.
August 2014: The Israel Defense Forces pulled most of its ground forces out of the Gaza Strip after completing the destruction of 32 tunnels built by Hamas and other militants.
January 1974: The Agreement on Disengagement between Israel and Egypt was an agreement signed between Israel and Egypt on January 18, 1974 ending the Yom Kippur War.
September 1975: Interim Agreement between Israel and Egypt 1975.
January 1980: Israeli-occupied territories are given back to Egypt with the Interim Agreement of 1980.
July 1980: Jerusalem: Although the law did not use the term, the Israeli Supreme Court interpreted the law as an effective annexation of East Jerusalem.
December 1981: On 14 December 1981 the Israeli Knesset passed the Golan Heights Law. While the law did not use the term annexation, it was considered to be an annexation by the Israeli opposition and international community.
April 1982: Israel completes its withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula in accordance with the Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty.
September 1993: Since the 1993 Oslo Accords, the Palestinian Authority officially controls a geographically non-contiguous territory comprising approximately 11% of the West Bank (known as Area A).
September 1993: The Oslo Accords split the West Bank into three regional levels of Palestinian sovereignty: Area B (approximately 28%) is subject to joint Israeli-Palestinian military and Palestinian civil control.
June 1994: In May 1994, following the Palestinian-Israeli agreements known as the Oslo Accords, a phased transfer of governmental authority to the Palestinians took place.
Selected Sources
Aitaroun,33.116389,35.468333
Gilbert, M. (2012): The Routledge Atlas of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 10th Edition, Routledge, p.50
Morris, B. (2008): 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, Yale University Press, p.346
Suez Canal Area, 1973 - Egyptian Attack,and Israeli Counterattacks, 14-15 October United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://www.westpoint.edu/sites/default/files/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/Arab%20Israeli%20Wars/ArabIsareli12b.pdf
Suez Canal Area, 1973 - Egyptian Crossing/Reinforcement Phase-Israeli Counterattacks, 6-13 October United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://www.westpoint.edu/sites/default/files/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/Arab%20Israeli%20Wars/ArabIsareli12a.pdf
https://apnews.com/article/syria-golan-hieghts-israel-daraa-maariyah-occupied-d3404840f0d47ff88714938f1aa8a683
https://edition.cnn.com/2024/12/08/middleeast/israel-syria-security-implications-golan-intl/index.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hezbollah_conflict_(27_November_2024_%E2%80%93_present)#cite_note-125
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hezbollah_conflict_(27_November_2024_%E2%80%93_present)#cite_note-81
https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1436603/ground-offensive-the-israeli-army-sets-up-roadblocks-in-the-deir-mimas-and-kfar-kila.html
https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/occupying-israeli-forces-open-fire-on-syrians-protesting-seizure-of-2-villages-in-daraa-province/3430418
https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/syria/2024/12/08/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/8/live-israel-kills-dozens-in-gaza-as-palestinians-mark-one-year-of-war?update=3231109
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/11/20/live-israeli-tanks-fire-on-gaza-hospital-treating-malnutrition
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/11/28/live-fragile-truce-holds-in-lebanon-north-gaza-absolutely-terrifying
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/12/18/live-israeli-bombing-near-gaza-hospital-kills-8-ceasefire-talks-continue
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/12/2/live-israeli-forces-kill-10-palestinians-in-north-gaza-four-in-west-bank
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/12/20/live-israel-kills-15-in-gaza-shelters-amid-new-report-of-ethnic-cleansing
https://www.sarayanews.com/article/976540/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AB-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9
https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/syria-israel-incursion-damascus-assad-hts-middle-east-golan-heights-b1199065.html
https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-opens-fire-as-lebanese-return-to-southern-villages-where-troops-still-deployed/?utm_source=article_hpsidebar&utm_medium=desktop_site&utm_campaign=liveblog-november-27-2024
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Israel (Military Occupation)
