Kolathunadu
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Kolathunadu was one of the 4 most powerful kingdoms on the Malabar Coast during the arrival of the Portuguese Armadas to India.
Establishment
January 701: Kolathunadu was one of the 4 most powerful kingdoms on the Malabar Coast. Kolattunādu had its capital at Ezhimala and was ruled by Kolattiri Royal Family and roughly comprised the whole northern districts of Kerala state in India.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of wars fought by the British East India Company in the Indian Subcontinent that resulted in the British conquest and colonial rule of the region.
1.1.Anglo-Mysore Wars
Were a series of four wars fought during the last three decades of the 18th century between the Sultanate of Mysore on the one hand, and the British East India Company, Maratha Empire, Kingdom of Travancore, and the Kingdom of Hyderabad on the other. The fourth war resulted in the dismantlement of Mysore to the benefit of the East India Company, which took control of much of the Indian subcontinent.
1.1.1.Second Anglo-Mysore War
Was a conflict between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company from 1780 to 1784.
January 1780: By 1779, Mysore ruler Haider Ali had captured parts of modern Tamil Nadu and Kerala in the south, extending the Kingdom's area to about 80,000 mi2 .
January 1780: By 1779, Mysore ruler Haider Ali had captured parts of modern Tamil Nadu and Kerala in the south, extending the Kingdom's area to about 80,000 mi² (205,000 km²).
January 801: Present-day central Kerala probably detached from Kongu Chera kingdom around 8th-9th century AD to form the Chera Perumal kingdom (c. 9th- 12th century AD).
January 1161: The first known king of the Chowta Dynasty was Tirumalaraya Chowta I (1160 - 1179).
January 1201: In 1200, the whole northern districts of Kerala state, known as Kolathunadu, became a major political power in the region after the Cheras of Mahodayapuram and the Pandyan Dynasty disappeared in the 12th century AD.
January 1401: In 1400, the Kingdom of Kozhikode easily occupied Malappuram, Nilambur, Vallappanattukara, and Manjeri. This was during the rule of the Zamorin of Calicut, a powerful ruler in the region.
January 1401: The Kingdom of Kozhikode captured Thirunavaya.
January 1434: The cessation of the Ming treasure voyages, led by Chinese explorer Zheng He, had negative consequences for the Kingdom of Cochin in 1433. The Zamorin of Calicut, a powerful ruler in the region, took advantage of the weakened state of Cochin and launched an invasion against the kingdom.
January 1503: Cannanore/Kolathunadu becomes a Portuguese possession.
January 1546: Arakkal Kingdom was ruled by the Arakkal royal family, who were the only Muslim royal family in Kerala. The kingdom was a prominent maritime power in the region, with control over trade routes and the lucrative spice trade. The territory of Cannanore was strategically important due to its location on the Malabar Coast.
January 1566: The kings who followed ruled as vassals of the Vijayanagara empire until the decline of the latter in 1565. By this time, the kingdom had expanded to thirty-three villages protected by a force of 300 soldiers. King Timmaraja II conquered some surrounding chiefdoms.
January 1601: Foundation of the Haleri Kingdom.
January 1666: Establishment of the Kingdom of Cotiote.
January 1701: Despite this expansion, the kingdom, which now accounted for a fair share of land in the southern Indian heartland, extending from the Western Ghats to the western boundaries of the Coromandel plain, remained landlocked without direct coastal access. Chikka Devaraja's attempts to remedy this brought Mysore into conflict with the Nayaka chiefs of Ikkeri and the kings (Rajas) of Kodagu (modern Coorg); who between them controlled the Kanara coast (coastal areas of modern Karnataka) and the intervening hill region respectively. The conflict brought mixed results with Mysore annexing Periyapatna but suffering a reversal at Palupare.
April 1721: From 2 Apr 1721 to Feb 1725, Mahé was under French control.
January 1754: In 1753, the tributary states of Kochi collectively known as Karappuram and Alangad were ceded to Travancore.
Disestablishment
January 1780: By 1779, Mysore ruler Haider Ali had captured parts of modern Tamil Nadu and Kerala in the south, extending the Kingdom's area to about 80,000 mi2 .
January 1780: By 1779, Mysore ruler Haider Ali had captured parts of modern Tamil Nadu and Kerala in the south, extending the Kingdom's area to about 80,000 mi² (205,000 km²).
