Medri Bahri
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was an Eritrean kingdom located in modern-day Eritrea.
Establishment
January 1138: The Zaguè dynasty reigned in Ethiopia from around 1137.
January 1138: Medri Bahri emerged in the 12th century.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Conquests and wars with Ottoman involvement during the rule of Suleiman I.
January 1558: coastline of medri bahri conquered by Ottoman Empire.
January 1560: Turks briefly occupied the highland parts of Baharnagash in 1559.
Expansion during the rule of Selim II in the Ottoman Empire.
January 1568: Özdemir Pasha, a deputy of the Ottoman Empire admiral, conquered the west bank of the Red Sea in 1567 during the reign of Selim II. This territory roughly corresponds to a narrow coastal strip of Sudan and Eritrea.
2.1.Ottoman conquest of Habesh
Was an Ottoman military campaign in modern-day Eritrea.
January 1558: Özdemir Pasha took the port city of Massawa and the adjacent city of Arqiqo, even taking Debarwa.
January 1558: The Ottoman force was attacked and defeated by the local peasants in Massawa.
January 1562: The Bahr negash Yeshaq had bad relations with Emperor Menas, who had just assumed the throne, so in 1561 he revolted against Menas, but the following year he was defeated in battle. Yeshaq then fled to the Ottomans and promised to cede them Debarwa, Massawa, Arqiqo, and all the land in between in return for their help.
January 1573: The Ottomans withdrew from Debarwa in 1572, which Yeshaq of Medri Bahri quickly occupied.
January 1573: Medri Bahri returned Massawa, Arqiqo, Debarwa, and Hirgigo to the Ottomans as a result of an earlier agreement.
Expansion during the rule of Murad III in the Ottoman Empire.
January 1579: In 1578, the Ottoman Empire attempted to expand into the highlands of Medri Bahri with the assistance of Bahr negus Yeshaq, who was the ruler of the region at the time. This move was part of the Ottoman Empire's efforts to increase its territorial control and influence in the area.
Wars that saw the partecipation of Muhammad Ali Pasha, the Wali of Egypt.
4.1.Egyptian conquest of Sudan
Were a series of military expeditions of the nominally Ottoman Eyalet of Egypt in Sudan that resulted in the annexion of the region.
January 1823: The Kordofan Campaign of 1822 was led by the Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali Pasha and his son Ismail Pasha. They successfully conquered the territory of North Kordofan, which was part of the Egypt Eyalet at the time. This campaign was part of Muhammad Ali's efforts to expand his control over Sudan and establish Egyptian dominance in the region.
January 1841: A number of territories in modern Sudan and South Sudan were not conquered in the Egyptian conquest of 1822-24, but were added following campaigns in later years. In 1840, the regions of Kassala and Taka were added to the Egyptian domains.
January 1866: Suakin and the Red Sea coast were conquered by Egypt in 1865.
January 1266: The Mamluks conquered the Red Sea areas of Suakin and the Dahlak Archipelago.
January 1501: Oral traditions assert its establishment to refugees from the Nubian kingdom of Alodia, after its capital Soba had fallen to Arabs or the Funj in c. 1500, centered around the mountainous region of Fazughli on the Blue Nile.
February 1560: The Turks withdrew from Baharnagash after they encountered resistance and pushed back by the Bahrnegash and highland forces.
January 1590: In 1589, the Ottoman Empire, led by Sultan Murad III, was forced to withdraw their forces from Medri Bahri, a region in present-day Eritrea and Ethiopia. The territory was then controlled by the local Medri Bahri kingdom.
January 1591: Emperor Sarsa Dengel of Ethiopia successfully checked the Ottoman expansion into Ethiopian territories by securing a significant victory and subsequently sacking Arqiqo in 1589. This decisive action restricted the Ottomans to a narrow coastal strip, limiting their influence and control in the region.
Disestablishment
January 1880: Ethiopian occupation of Medri Bahri in 1879.
