Khwarazmian Empire
This article is about the specific polity Khwarazmian Empire and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was an empire that ruled large parts of present-day Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Iran.
Establishment
January 1142: In 1141, the Seljuq Sultan Ahmed Sanjar was defeated by the Qara Khitai at the battle of Qatwan, and Anush Tigin's grandson Ala ad-Din Atsiz became a vassal to Yelü Dashi of the Qara Khitan.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Georgia's king Tamar the Great invaded and conquered the cities of Tabriz, Ardabil, Khoy, Qazvin.
January 1210: Georgian King Tamar the Great invaded and conquered the cities of Tabriz, Ardabil, Khoy, Qazvin.
January 1211: Georgian King Tamar the Great invaded and conquered the cities of Tabriz, Ardabil, Khoy, Qazvin.
Were a series of military campaigny by the Mongols that created the largest contiguous Empire in history, the Mongol Empire, which controlled most of Eurasia.
2.1.Invasion of Central Asia
Were a series of expansionistic military campaigns by the Mongols in Central Asia.
2.1.1.Conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire
Was the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire.
December 1219: Though the Mongols suffered losses and were exhausted from the crossing, their presence in the Ferghana Valley stunned the Khwarezm leadership and permanently stole the initiative away.
February 1220: Bukhara conquered by Mongol Empire.
March 1220: Samarkand conquered by Mongol Empire.
June 1220: In 1220, during the Mongol Empire's conquest of Khorasan, the cities of Termez and Balkh were among the first to fall. Termez was an important trading city on the Amu Darya River, while Balkh was a historic city known for its cultural significance and strategic location on the Silk Road.
January 1221: In February 1220 the Mongolian army crossed the Syr Darya. The Mongols stormed Bukhara, Gurganj and the Khwarezmid capital Samarkand.
May 1221: Urgench conquered by Mongol Empire.
May 1221: After finishing off Merv, Tolui headed westwards, attacking the cities of Nishapur and Herat.
June 1221: By spring 1221, the province of Khurasan was under complete Mongol rule.
December 1221: The Battle of the Indus was fought at the Indus river, in the year 1221 between Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu, the sultan of the Khwarezmian dynasty and his only remaining forces of thirty thousand against the two hundred thousand strong Mongolian army of Genghis Khan: Khwarezmia was annexed to the Mongol Empire.
January 1231: The Mongols conquered Azerbaijan.
January 1181: The Western Kara-Khanid Khanate fell to the Khwarazmian Empire.
January 1195: In 1194, the last Sultan of the Great Seljuq Empire, Toghrul III, was defeated and killed by the Khwarezm ruler Ala ad-Din Tekish, who subsequently conquered parts of Khorasan and western Iran.
January 1197: Kerman was annexed to the Khwarezmian Empire in 1196.
January 1201: In 1200, Tekish died and was succeeded by his son, Ala ad-Din Muhammad, who initiated a conflict with the Ghurids and was defeated by them at Amu Darya (1204).
January 1201: Khorasan was finally conquered by Khwarazmians in the early 1200s.
January 1205: Following the sack of Khwarizm, Muhammad appealed for aid from his suzerain, the Qara Khitai who sent him an army. With this reinforcement, Muhammad won a victory over the Ghorids at Hezarasp (1204) and forced them out of Khwarizm.
January 1211: Samarkand, a city in Central Asia, was occupied by the Qara-Khitai in 1210.
January 1212: The Qarakhanids were deposed in 1211 by the Khwarazm-Shahs.
January 1216: The Ghurids were succeeded in Khorasan and Persia by the Khwarazmian dynasty.
December 1225: In 1225, Khwarazm Shah Jalal-ad-din dethroned the Ildegizid Uzbek Muzaffar al-Din and set himself up in the capital of Tabriz on the 25 of July in 1225.
January 1226: The Georgians suffered bitter defeat at the Battle of Garni.
January 1227: Khwarazmian soldiers attacked Georgia and sacked Tbilisi.
January 1227: In 1226, the Khwarazmian Empire, led by Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu, clashed with the Ayyubids and captured the town of Ahlat in the Armenian highlands. This victory further expanded the empire's territory in the region.
February 1227: End of the Khwarazmian sack of Georgia.
January 1230: From 1229 the Beylik of Dilmac was under the suzerainty of the Khorezm-shah Jalal ad-Din.
Disestablishment
January 1231: The Mongols conquered Azerbaijan.
