This article is about the specific polity Liao Dynasty and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was a Chinese dynasty that ruled over Manchuria, Mongolia and northern China, founded at the time of the collapse of the Tang Dynasty. It was ruled by the Yelü clan of the Khitan people.
Establishment
January 909: Liao ruler Abaoji led a campaign against the steppe nomadas and conquered the territory of the Shiwei.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a series of 10th- and 11th-century conflicts between the Goryeo dynasty of Korea and the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China near the present-day border between China and North Korea.
1.1.First conflict in the Goryeo-Khitan War
Was a 10th-century conflict between the Goryeo dynasty of Korea and the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China near what is now the border between China and North Korea.
January 994: In 993, the Khitan invaded Goryeo's northwest border with an army that the Liao commander claimed to number 800,000. They forced Goryeo to end its tributary relations with the Song dynasty, to become a Liao tributary state and to adopt Liao's calendar.
February 994: In 993, the Khitan invaded Goryeo's northwest border with an army that the Liao commander claimed to number 800,000. They forced Goryeo to end its tributary relations with the Song dynasty, to become a Liao tributary state and to adopt Liao's calendar.
1.2.Second conflict in the Goryeo-Khitan War
Was an 11th-century conflict between the Goryeo dynasty of Korea and the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China near what is now the border between China and North Korea.
January 1011: The Khitans (the Liao Dynasty) sacked the Goryeo capital Kaesong.
February 1011: The Khitans (the Liao Dynasty) left the Goryeo capital Kaesong.
1.3.Third conflict in the Goryeo-Khitan War
Was an 11th-century conflict between the Goryeo dynasty of Korea and the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China near what is now the border between China and North Korea.
January 1019: The Khitans launched an invasion of Korea with a 100,000 strong army, but the army was crushed by general Gang Gamchan at the Great Battle of Guiju. Thus, Goryeo expanded its territory to the north as far as the Yalu River basin.
Were a series of military conflicts fought by the Northern Song dynasty, Western Xia dynasty, and Liao dynasty from the late 10th century to early 12th century.
January 1006: Western Xia Expansion by 1005.
January 1033: In 1032, Western Xia emperor Yuanhao annexed the Tibetan confederation of Xiliangfu.
Were a series of conflicts between the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115-1234) and the Han-led Song dynasty (960-1279).
3.1.Jin-Song Alliance against Liao
In 1114 the chieftain Wanyan Aguda (1068-1123) united the Jurchen tribes and led a revolt against the Liao. .
January 1116: The Jin dynasty was created in modern Jilin and Heilongjiang by the Jurchen tribal chieftain Aguda in 1115.
February 1122: Jin captured the Liao Central Capital as promised.
April 1123: urchen forces that easily took the Liao Southern Capital.
January 911: The Liao Dynasty conquers the territory of the Xi (Kumo Xi).
January 917: Abaoji assumes the title of Celestial Emperor.
January 937: Dongdan Annexed by the Liao dynasty.
January 939: The Liao Dynasty forced the Later Jin to cede the strategic Sixteen Prefectures to the Liao. Consisting of a region about 70 to 100 miles wide and including modern-day Beijing and points westward, it was considered a highly strategic region, and gave the Liao even more influence in North China.
January 947: Resulting in the latter invading in 946 and 947, resulting in the destruction of the Later Jin. […] Emperor Chu's surrender to Liao: January 11, 947.
March 947: The Khitan force, after conquering the later jin state, made it all the way to the Yellow River before the emperor decided to return to his base in present-day Beijing, in the heart of the contentious Sixteen Prefectures. However, following constant harassment from the Chinese on the return route, he died of an illness in May 947. The combination of the fall of the Later Jin and the succession crisis among the Khitan resulted in a power vacuum. Liu Zhiyuan was able to fill that void and founded the Later Han.
September 979: In the summer of 979, Emperor Taizong of Song took Taiyuan and annexed Northern Han.
January 994: First conflict in the Goryeo-Khitan War: Liao gave Goryeo permission to incorporate the land between the border of Liao and that of Goryeo, which was occupied by Jurchen tribes that were troublesome to Liao, up to the Yalu River.
January 1001: Extension of the Liao Dynasty by the year 1000.
January 1005: Khitan aggression towards the Song culminated in a full scale invasion in 1004 by Emperor Shengzong of Liao. Khitan forces penetrated as far as Chanzhou at the Yellow River.
January 1005: In January 1005, the Khitan general Xiao Dalin was killed by a giant crossbow, crippling the Khitan offensive. Peace negotiations commenced from 13 to 18 January. In the resulting peace treaty, known as the Chanyuan Treaty, the two sides agreed to delineate their territorial boundaries.
January 1101: The Mergids were one of the five major tribal confederations (khanlig) of probably Mongol or Turkic origin later Mongolized in the 12th century Mongolian Plateau.
January 1101: The Kerait state is established in the 11th century.
January 1116: The Jin dynasty was created in modern Jilin and Heilongjiang by the Jurchen tribal chieftain Aguda in 1115.
June 1122: The Jin took the Western Capital of the Liao Dynasty in the spring of 1122.
January 1123: In 1122, Emperor Tianzuo fled to Jiashan (north of modern-day Tumed Left Banner, Inner Mongolia) under the military pressure from the Jin dynasty. Subsequently, Yelü Chun was enthroned as "Emperor Tianxi". As the Liao dynasty ruled by Emperor Tianzuo still existed, the regime headed by Emperor Tianxi is known in retrospect as "Northern Liao".
Disestablishment
January 1123: In 1122, Emperor Tianzuo fled to Jiashan (north of modern-day Tumed Left Banner, Inner Mongolia) under the military pressure from the Jin dynasty. Subsequently, Yelü Chun was enthroned as "Emperor Tianxi". As the Liao dynasty ruled by Emperor Tianzuo still existed, the regime headed by Emperor Tianxi is known in retrospect as "Northern Liao".
April 1123: urchen forces that easily took the Liao Southern Capital.
Selected Sources
Western_Xia_Expansion. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 7 April 2024 on https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Western_Xia_expansion.png
Liao Dynasty
