This article is about the specific polity Republic of Bolivia and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Bolivia was officially known as the Republic of Bolivia until a new consititution was approved in 2009, changing the denomination to Plurinational State of Bolivia.
Establishment
August 1825: Bolivia became an autonomous republic.
August 1825: In 1825, the region of Tarija declared its independence from the United Provinces of the River Plate. This territory was then incorporated into the Republic of Bolivia, under the leadership of Simón Bolívar and Antonio José de Sucre.
August 1825: Situation of the borders of Republic of Bolivia at the end of Southamerican indipendency wars.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of independence wars by the Spanish colonies in America that started after the French occupation of mainland Spain during the Napoleonic Wars.
1.1.Bolivian War of Independence
Was the War for indipendence from Spain by Bolivia.
Was an invasion of Bolivia by Peru headed by Agustín Gamarra in the form of a foreign intervention in an internal conflict in the Republic of Bolivia.
May 1828: Peruvian General Gamarra crossed the Desaguadero River into Bolivia at the end of April.
May 1828: Peruvian troops reached Viacha.
May 1828: In mid May Peruvian troops arrived at Sicasica dn Panduro.
May 1828: On May 31, the Peruvian army led by General Gamarra reached the positions of the Bolivian Army, that was located in Caihuasi.
June 1828: Peruvian General Gamarra continued his to the city of Oruro, where he entered.
June 1828: The Peruvian army occupied Cochabamba on June 10.
June 1828: Peruvian Captain Montenegro occupied Chuquisaca.
July 1828: By early July the Peruvians had completed the occupation of Bolivia, with the remnant Bolivan forces concentrated in Santa Cruz and Tarija.
2.1.Treaty of Piquiza
The Treaty of Piquiza was a peace treaty signed in the Bolivian city of Piquiza the 6 of July of 1828 between the Mariscal Antonio Jose de Sucre and General Agustín Gamarra , who ended the Peruvian intervention in Bolivia.
September 1828: The Treaty of Piquiza signed in the Bolivian city of Piquiza the 6 of July of 1828 ended the Peruvian intervention in Bolivia. On September 3 the Peruvian army left Bolivia.
Was a Civil War in Peru with the involvement of the Bolivian army.
October 1836: The Peru-Bolivian Confederation was a short-lived state that existed in South America between 1836 and 1839. The country was a loose confederation between the states of Peru, divided into the Republic of North Peru and the Republic of South Peru, and Bolivia, with the capital located in Tacna.
Was a military confrontation waged by Chile, along with Peruvian dissidents, and the Argentine Confederation against the Peru-Bolivian Confederation between 1836 and 1839.
4.1.Dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation
Was the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation caused by the War of the Confederation.
August 1839: General Agustín Gamarra, after assuming the role of president of Peru, officially declared the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.
Was a war between Paraguay and the Triple Alliance of Argentina, the Empire of Brazil, and Uruguay. The war began due to disputes over areas in the Platine region. Paraguay was militarly occupied by the Triple Alliance and lost around 30% of its territory to Argentina and Brazil.
5.1.Mato Grosso Campaign
Was a Paraguayan military campaign in Mato Grosso (Brazil) during the Paraguayan War.
December 1864: In 1864, during the Paraguayan War, General José Eduvigis Díaz led Paraguayan forces to occupy Coimbra Fort after it was abandoned by Brazilian troops. This strategic move helped Paraguay gain control over the territory.
5.2.Brazilian Counterattack (Paraguayan War)
Was a Brazilian military action in territories occupied by Paraguay during the Paraguayan War.
July 1867: Corumbá was liberated in June 1867 by Brazilian General Manuel Marques de Sousa, also known as Marques de Tamandaré. The city was under Bolivian control until it was reclaimed by Brazil during the Paraguayan War.
Was a treaty between Chile and Bolivia that set the border between both countries at the 24° South parallel from the Pacific Ocean to the eastern border of Chile and defined a zone of bipartite tax collection, the "Mutual Benefits zone".
August 1866: The 24° South parallel is set as border between Chile and Bolivia.
Was a war fought between Chile and an alliance of Peru and Bolivia. The war was won by Chile, that gained various territories.
May 1879: Between March and April 1879, the Chilean Army occupied San Pedro de Atacama.
7.1.Chilean Offensive (War of the Pacific)
Was a Chilean military offensive against Bolivia and Peru, started at the beginning of the War of the Pacific.
February 1879: The Chilean government decided on the occupation of the region of Antofagasta south of 23° South. On the day of the planned auction, 200 Chilean soldiers arrived by ship at the port city of Antofagasta and seized it without resistance. The occupying forces received widespread support from the local population, 93-95% of which was Chilean.
March 1879: Cobija and then Calama, Tocopilla, and other hamlets were occupied by Chile.
March 1879: Calama and the entire Bolivian coast occupied by Chile.
April 1879: Between March and April 1879, the Chilean Army occupied San Pedro de Atacama.
7.2.Treaty of Valparaiso
Was a treaty between Chile and Bolivia at the end of the War of the Pacific. Bolivia ceded its entire coast to Chile.
April 1884: Due to the War of the Pacific, Bolivia lost its access to the sea.
April 1884: In 1884, Bolivian President Gregorio Pacheco and Chilean President Domingo Santa María signed the Treaty of Valparaiso, resulting in Bolivia losing its entire coastline to Chile.
Was a border dispute between Bolivia and the First Brazilian Republic over the Acre Region.
8.1.First "Republic of Acre"
Was the first establishment of the Republic of Acre in the Bolivian region of the same name. It was reconquered by Bolivia.
July 1899: Gálvez proclaimed the Republic of Acre on July 14, 1899.
March 1900: On March 15, 1900, a Brazilian war flotilla reached Puerto Alonso, and dissolved the Republic of Acre. The Brazilian government, based on the Treaty of Ayacucho, considered Acre as Bolivian territory.
8.2.Second "Republic of Acre"
Was the second establishment of the Republic of Acre in the Bolivian region of the same name. It was reconquered by Bolivia.
December 1900: In November 1900 there was another rebellion Acre with the aim of creating an independent republic.
December 1900: Around Christmas 1900, forces of the Republic of Acre attacked Puerto Alonso and were defeated by the Bolivian military, resulting in the loss of a dozen men and the machine gun, eventually leading to the dissolution of the republic.
8.3.Third "Republic of Acre"
Was the third establishment of the Republic of Acre in the Bolivian region of the same name. The Republic was eventually annexed by Brazil.
January 1903: The Bolivians in Puerto Alonso surrendered to the rebels, who now controlled the entire region of Acre.
Was a war between Bolivia and Paraguay, over the control of the northern part of the Gran Chaco region.
9.1.Bolivian occupation of territory in Chaco
Was a Bolivian military offensive to invade the disputed region of Gran Chaco at the beginning of the Chaco War.
June 1932: A Bolivian detachment captured and burned to the ground the Fortín Carlos Antonio López at Pitiantutá Lake.
June 1932: A Paraguayan detachment drove the Bolivian troops from the area of Fortín Carlos Antonio López at Pitiantutá Lake.
9.2.Third Paraguayan offensive
Was a Paraguayan offensive against Bolivia during the Chaco War.
February 1934: The Magariños-La China line was carefully built and considered to be one of the finest defensive lines of the Chaco War. However, a small Paraguayan attack on February 11, 1934, managed to breach the line, to the surprise of the Paraguayan command, forcing the abandonment of the whole defensive line.
May 1934: Battle of Cañada Strongest.
June 1934: Battle of Cañada Strongest.
November 1934: The 12,000-man-strong Bolivian Cavalry Corps managed to capture Yrendagüé.
December 1934: In November 1934 Paraguayan forces once again managed to surround and neutralize two Bolivian divisions at El Carmen.
April 1935: On 15 April the Paraguayans punched through the Bolivian lines on the Parapetí River, taking over the city of Charagua.
June 1935: A Bolivian regiment was defeated and forced to surrender at Ingavi.
9.3.Peace of Buenos Aires
Was a treaty signed on July 21 , 1938 in Buenos Aires, that ended the Chaco War, granting Paraguay the sovereignty of about 75% of the Gran Chaco area in dispute, and giving Bolivia the rest.
July 1938: The Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Limits, signed in Buenos Aires, ended the Chaco war, granting Paraguay the sovereignty of about 75% of the Chaco region in dispute, and giving Bolivia the rest.
January 1868: The territory of Acre was assigned to Bolivia in 1867 by the Treaty of Ayacucho with Brazil.
January 1868: In an 1867 treaty with Empire of Brazil to secure water rights to the Atlantic Ocean, Bolivia ceded 102,400 square kilometers of territory, hoping to break Bolivia's isolation.
January 1894: The Quirno Costa-Vaca Guzmán Treaty was a secret treaty between Argentina and Bolivia signed in Buenos Aires through the Argentine minister Norberto Quirno Costa and the Bolivian envoy Santiago Vaca Guzmán. This treaty stipulated the Argentine renunciation of its historical claims on Tarija in exchange for the cession by Bolivia of part of the Puna de Atacama to Argentina, from the Quebrada del Diablo to the north along the eastern slope of the Andes. It remained unratified until 1893.
November 1903: The Treaty of Petrópolis settled the border between Brazil and Bolivia in favor of Brazil, which gained control of the region of Acre.
February 2009: A constitutional change renamed the Republic of Bolivia to the Plurinational State of Bolivia.
Disestablishment
February 2009: A constitutional change renamed the Republic of Bolivia to the Plurinational State of Bolivia.
Selected Sources
Perea, N.S. (2011): The Caudillo of the Andes: Andrés de Santa Cruz, Cambridge University Press, p.107
Vargas, M.N. (1910): Historia del Perú independiente, Volume 4, Imp. de la Escuela de Ingenieros, p. 144
Vargas, M.N. (1910): Historia del Perú independiente, Volume 4, Imp. de la Escuela de Ingenieros, p.148
Vargas, M.N. (1910): Historia del Perú independiente, Volume 4, Imp. de la Escuela de Ingenieros, p.152
Vargas, M.N. (1910): Historia del Perú independiente, Volume 4, Imp. de la Escuela de Ingenieros, pp. 144-145
Vargas, M.N. (1910): Historia del Perú independiente, Volume 4, Imp. de la Escuela de Ingenieros, pp. 145-148
Vargas, M.N. (1910): Historia del Perú independiente, Volume 4, Imp. de la Escuela de Ingenieros, pp.152-153
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Republic of Bolivia
