Second Mariote Kingdom
This article is about the specific polity Second Mariote Kingdom and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Around the beginning of Early Dynastic period III (earlier than 2500 BC). Mari was rebuilt and populated again. The city of Mari was located in eastern Syria. The Kingdom conquered large territories in the area around its capital. In c. 2300 BC Mari was destroyed and conquered by the Akkadian Empire.
Establishment
January 2499 BC: Around the beginning of Early Dynastic period III (earlier than 2500 BC) Mari was rebuilt and populated again.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
The military campaign of Sargon of Akkad resulted in the conquest of most of the Sumerian polities. Sargon's state is sometimes identified as the first empire in recorded history.
January 2289 BC: A decade after Ebla's destruction (c. 2300 BC middle chronology), Mari was destroyed and burned by Sargon of Akkad during his conquests.
January 2415 BC: Mariote King Ansud attacked Ebla, the traditional rival of Mari with whom it had a long war, and conquered many of Ebla's cities, including the land of Belan.
January 2379 BC: At the time of King Iblul-Il, the Mariote Kingdom expanded greatly through military campaigns.
January 2339 BC: The first Eblaite Kingdom at ist heigth (c. 2340 BC) extended from Urshu in the north, to Damascus area in the south. And from Phoenicia and the coastal mountains in the west, to Tuttul, and Haddu in the east.
Disestablishment
January 2289 BC: A decade after Ebla's destruction (c. 2300 BC middle chronology), Mari was destroyed and burned by Sargon of Akkad during his conquests.
Selected Sources
Astour, Michael C. (2002). "A Reconstruction of the History of Ebla (Part 2)". In Gordon, Cyrus Herzl; Rendsburg, Gary (eds.). Eblaitica: Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language. Vol. 4. Eisenbrauns. P. 58
Cyrus Herzl Gordon, Gary Rendsburg, Nathan H. Winter (1987): Eblaitica: Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language, Eisenbrauns, pp. 101-107
Diane Bolger, Louise C. Maguire (2010): The Development of Pre-State Communities in the Ancient Near East: Studies in Honour of Edgar Peltenburg, Oxbow Books, Cap. 11
Gordon Douglas Young (1981): Ugarit in Retrospect: Fifty Years of Ugarit and Ugaritic, Eisenbrauns, p.4
Jonathan N. Tubb (1998): Canaanites, University of Oklahoma Press, p. 39
Liverani, Mario (2013). The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Routledge. p. 117
Liverani, Mario (2013). The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Routledge.p. 119
Margueron, Jean-Claude (2003). "Mari and the Syro-Mesopotamian World". In Aruz, Joan; Wallenfels, Ronald (eds.). Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. Metropolitan Museum of Art. P. 136
Maria Eugenia Aubet (2001): The Phoenicians and the West: Politics, Colonies and Trade, Cambridge University Press, p. 18
William J. Hamblin (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. p. 242.
William J. Hamblin (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. pp. 241-243.
