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Was a faction during the Englisch Civil War.
Establishment
August 1642: In 1642, Charles I declared war on Parliament, sparking the English Civil War.
September 1642: Siege of Portsmouth.
September 1642: Battle of Powick Bridge.
October 1642: After the Battle of Edgehill, King Charles I captured Banbury.
October 1642: King Charles I was greeted by cheering crowds as he arrived in Oxford.
November 1642: Prince Rupert swept down the Thames Valley, capturing Abingdon, Aylesbury and Maidenhead.
November 1642: Royalist forces sacked Brentford.
December 1642: Storming of Farnham Castle.
December 1642: Fairfax was defeated at the Battle of Tadcaster on 6 December and both Leeds and Pontefract Castle were captured.
December 1642: Battle of Tadcaster.
December 1642: Siege of Chichester.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of wars in Europe (and the overseas possessions of European countries) the 16th, 17th and early 18th that started after the Protestant Reformation. Although the immediate causes of the wars were religious, the motives were complex and also included territorial ambitions.
1.1.Wars of the Three Kingdoms
Were a series of intertwined conflicts fought between 1639 and 1653 in the kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland, then separate entities united in a personal union under Charles I. They resulted in victory for the Parliamentarian army, the execution of Charles I, the abolition of monarchy, and founding of the Commonwealth of England, a Unitary state which controlled the British Isles until the Stuart Restoration in 1660.
1.1.1.First English Civil War
Was a civil war in England and Wales that opposed the Royalists (that believed in the in the superiority of the king over the parliament) and the Parliamentarians (that wanted a constitutional monarchy). The war was won by the Parliamentarians who imposed a constitutional monarchy on king Charles I. The refusal of the king to make concession caused the Second English Civil War.
January 1643: Battle of Braddock Down.
January 1643: Battle of Leeds.
April 1643: Siege of Jerusalem.
April 1643: Siege of Reading.
May 1643: The Parlamentarians captured Wakefield.
May 1643: Battle of Stratton.
July 1643: Battle of Burton Bridge.
July 1643: Storming of Bristol.
July 1643: Cromwell rode into Gainsborough.
July 1643: After a three-day siege, Gainsborough surrendered to the Royalists.
December 1643: Second Battle of Middlewich.
January 1644: Siege of Arundel.
January 1644: Battle of Nantwich.
April 1644: Siege of Wardour Castle.
April 1644: Battle of Selby.
May 1644: Siege of Lincoln.
May 1644: Bolton massacre.
June 1644: Battle of Oswestry.
July 1644: York is besieged by the Parlamentarians.
September 1644: Battle of Tippermuir.
September 1644: Battle of Aberdeen (1644).
October 1644: Siege of Myitkyina.
February 1645: Battle of Inverlochy.
February 1645: Battle of Weymouth.
May 1645: Battle of Auldearn.
May 1645: The Royalists stormed the Parliamentarian town of Leicester.
June 1645: Leicester was recovered by Parliament.
June 1645: Siege of Carlisle (1644).
June 1645: The Royalist forces surrendered at Truro in Cornwall.
July 1645: Battle of Alford.
July 1645: Battle of Langport.
July 1645: Great Siege of Scarborough Castle.
August 1645: Battle of Kilsyth.
September 1645: Siege of Bristol.
September 1645: Battle of Philiphaugh.
September 1645: Battle of Rowton Heath.
November 1645: Siege of Basing House.
December 1645: Siege of Lathom House.
January 1646: Fall of Hereford in December 1645.
February 1646: Siege of Chester.
February 1646: Battle of Torrington.
April 1646: Siege of High Ercall Hall.
May 1646: The Parlamentarians captured Exeter and Barnstaple in April.
June 1646: Siege of Newark.
July 1646: Siege of Oxford.
July 1646: Siege of Waterford.
March 1647: Harlech Castle in Wales held out until 13 March 1647 but then surrendered to the Parlamentarians.
1.1.2.Second English Civil War
Was a civil war in England and Wales that opposed the Royalists (that believed in the in the superiority of the king over the parliament) and the Parliamentarians (that wanted a constitutional monarchy). The war was won by the Parliamentarians who executed king Charles I and established the English Commonwealth.
January 1648: With backing from English Presbyterians, in December 1647, the Scottish Engagers agreed to restore Charles to the English throne.
August 1648: Battle of Preston.
1.1.3.Third English Civil War
Was a war between the Commonwealth of England and the Kingdom of Scotland that result in the inglobation of Scotland into the Commonwealth.
1.1.3.1.Incoronation of Charles II
Charles II, son of the executed king Charles I, was crowned King in Scotland.
June 1650: Charles II landed in Scotland at Garmouth in Morayshire on 23 June 1650 and signed the 1638 National Covenant and the 1643 Solemn League and Covenant shortly after coming ashore.
1.1.3.2.English invasion of Scotland
Was the invasion of Scotland by the English Commonwealth in the Third English Civil War.
July 1650: In 1650, during the Third English Civil War, the Parliamentarians, led by Oliver Cromwell, conducted military operations around Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. The city was under the control of the Royalists, who were loyal to King Charles II. The Parliamentarians eventually captured Edinburgh, securing their control over Scotland.
August 1650: After the Battle of Dunbar in 1650, Oliver Cromwell retreated to Musselburgh in Scotland. The Royalists, led by Charles II, had defeated Cromwell's forces, forcing him to regroup in Musselburgh before eventually launching a successful counterattack.
December 1650: In 1650, during the Third English Civil War, Edinburgh Castle surrendered to the forces of Oliver Cromwell, leader of the Parliamentarians.
December 1650: In 1650, during the Third English Civil War, Edinburgh Castle surrendered to the forces of Oliver Cromwell, leader of the Parliamentarians.
July 1651: Battle of Inverkeithing.
July 1651: Burntisland, a town in Scotland, surrendered to John Lambert, a prominent military leader of the Parliamentarians, on 29 July 1651 during the English Civil War.
July 1651: On 30 July 1651, the English Parliamentarians, led by Oliver Cromwell, marched upon Perth during the Third English Civil War.
August 1651: Monck took Stirling on 14 August.
September 1651: Scotland conquered by Parlamentarians.
1.1.3.3.Royalist Invasion of England
Was the invasion of England by the Kingdom of Scotland in the Third English Civil War.
August 1651: Battle of Warrington Bridge (1651).
September 1651: Battle of Worcester.
Disestablishment
July 1651: Battle of Inverkeithing.
July 1651: Burntisland, a town in Scotland, surrendered to John Lambert, a prominent military leader of the Parliamentarians, on 29 July 1651 during the English Civil War.
July 1651: On 30 July 1651, the English Parliamentarians, led by Oliver Cromwell, marched upon Perth during the Third English Civil War.
August 1651: Monck took Stirling on 14 August.
August 1651: Battle of Warrington Bridge (1651).
September 1651: Scotland conquered by Parlamentarians.
September 1651: Battle of Worcester.
Royalists
