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A Greek polis in the ancient region of Bisaltia.
Establishment
January 524 BC: Traïlos was a town of Bisaltia, in ancient Macedonia. Tragilus is mentioned by Stephanus of Byzantium, as well as by epigraphic sources.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire and Greek city-states.
1.1.Ionian Revolt
Were a series of revolts of Greek city-states of Asia Minor against Achaemenid rule.
1.1.1.Flight of Aristagoras
Flight of the tyrant of Miletus, Aristagoras, from the city.
January 496 BC: At the height of the Persian counter-offensive, Aristagoras, sensing his untenable position, decided to abandon his responsibilities as leader of Miletus and of the revolt. In Thrace, he took control of the city that Histiaeus had founded, Myrcinus.
1.2.Second Persian invasion of Greece
Was an unsuccesful military campaign waged by Achaemenid King Xerxes I that sought to conquer all of Greece.
June 480 BC: Having crossed into Europe in April 480 BC, the Persian army began its march to Greece.
September 479 BC: The Battle of Plataea was the final land battle between the Achaemenid Empire and the Greek Poleis during the second Persian invasion of Greece. The Persian infantry proved no match for the heavily armoured Greek hoplites, and the Spartans broke through to General Mardonius's bodyguard and killed him. The Persian force thus dissolved and 40,000 troops managed to escape to Thessaly. The Persians also left territories occupied in Traïlos.
1.3.Wars of the Delian League
Were a series of campaigns fought between the Delian League of Athens and her allies (and later subjects), and the Achaemenid Empire of Persia.
January 477 BC: Traïlos joined the Delian League at its founding in 478 BC.
Was an ancient Greek war fought between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies for the hegemony of the Greek world.
2.1.Second Phase - Deceleian War
Was the second phase of the Peloponnesian War, where Sparta allied with Persia against Athens, which capitulated and lost its empire.
January 403 BC: After a prolonged siege by Sparta, Athens surrendered. As a consequence Athens had to form an alliance with Sparta, the Long Walls of the city were demolished, its territory was reduced to just Attica and Salamis and the Delian-Attic league was dissolved.
Was a war between the Second Athenian League and the allied city-states of Chios, Rhodes, Cos and Byzantion.
January 356 BC: Traïlos: assumed to be conquered at the same time of Amphipolis.
Disestablishment
January 356 BC: Traïlos: assumed to be conquered at the same time of Amphipolis.
Selected Sources
Bleckmann, B. (2016): Der Peloponnesische Krieg, Munich (Germany), p. 107-113
Herodotus, The Histories, IX.66
Herodotus, The Histories, VII.25
Traïlos
