Türgesh

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Türgesh emerged as an independent power in central Asia after the demise of the Western Turks and established a khaganate in 699.

Establishment

January 700: Türgeshes emerged as an independent power after the demise of the Western Turks and established a khaganate in 699.

Chronology

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1. Early Muslim conquests

Were the military campaigns by the first three Islamic Caliphates (the Caliphate of Muhammad, the Rashidun Caliphate and the Umayyad Caliphate) that led to the Islamic conquest of most of the Middle East as well as the Iberian Peninsula.

1.1.Muslim conquest of Transoxiana, Ferghana and Khorasan

Were the 7th and 8th century conquests, by Umayyad and Abbasid Arabs, of Transoxiana, the land between the Oxus (Amu Darya) and Jaxartes (Syr Darya) rivers, a part of Central Asia that today includes all or parts of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.

January 716: The larger part of Transoxiana was conquered by the Umayyad leader Qutayba ibn Muslim in the reign of al-Walid I (r. 705-715).

January 716: Umayyad commander Qutayba ibn Muslim conquered the strategic Central Asian cities of Bukhara, Samarkand, Khwarezem and Farghana between 705 and 715 CE, annexing nearly the whole of Transoxiana north of the Iranian plateau and bordering the contemporary Tang dynasty of China.

2. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)

January 701: Tashkent was conquered by the Umayyad Caliphate.

January 712: In 711 the Türk forces, led by Tonyukuk, crossed the Mongolian Altai, clashed with the Türgesh army in Dzungaria, on the River Boluchu, and won an outright victory. Tonyukuk forced a crossing over the Syr Darya in pursuit of the retreating Türgesh, leading his troops to the border of Tokharistan.