If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics
The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Mandatory Iraq
Kingdom of Iraq
Rashid Ali Government in Iraq
Iraqi Republic
Republic of Iraq
Coalition Provisional Authority
Establishment
August 1920: The territory of Mosul was transferred to Mandatory Iraq in 1920, following the Treaty of Sèvres.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of armed uprisings by Kurdish Sheykh Mahmud Barzanji against the Iraqi authority in newly conquered British Mesopotamia and later the British Mandate in Iraq.
October 1922: The Kingdom of Kurdistan was a short-lived unrecognised state proclaimed in the city of Sulaymaniyah following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.
August 1924: With British forces greatly exceeding his in ammunition and training, the British finally subdued the Kingdom of Kurdistan to central British Iraqi rule in 1924.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
2.1.World War II (Middle Eastern Theatre)
Was the Middle Eastern theatre of World War II.
2.1.1.Anglo-Iraqi War
Was a British-led Allied military campaign during the Second World War against the Kingdom of Iraq.
April 1941: On 1 April, Rashid Ali and the Golden Square (four senior military commanders) seized power in Iraq with a coup d'état. Rashid Ali had seized power during the Second World War with assistance from Germany and Italy.
April 1941: In response to the initial Iraqi moves, the 10th Indian Infantry Division, under Major-General Fraser, occupied Basra airport, the city's docks, and the power station. Elements of the 20th Indian Infantry Brigade, under Brigadier Powell, were used to occupy these sites. Between 18 and 29 April, two convoys had landed this brigade in the Basra area.
May 1941: Late on 6 May, the Iraqis besieging Habbaniya pulled out. By dawn on Wednesday 7 May, RAF armoured cars reconnoitred the top of the escarpment and reported it to be deserted.
May 1941: Starting on 7 May and ending 8 May, elements of the 20th Indian Infantry Brigade and the 21st Indian Infantry Brigade captured Ashar, near Basra.
May 1941: Having secured Fallujah, Roberts returned to Shaibah and to his duties with the 10th Indian Infantry Division.
May 1941: On the morning of 31 May, the Mayor of Baghdad and a delegation approached British forces at the Washash Bridge. With the Mayor was Sir Kinahan Cornwallis, the British Ambassador, who had been confined to the British Embassy in Baghdad for the past four weeks. Terms were quickly reached and an armistice was signed. Iraq fell under British occupation.
October 1947: End of British occupation of Iraq.
is an ongoing conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbours, as well as with Palestine, an area factually controlled by Israel itself. The conflict begun when the British Mandate in Palestine (a former Ottoman territory) was partitioned into an Arab and a Jewish state.
3.1.Palestine War
Was a war that took place in Palestine, initially a British Mandate, between the Jewish population and the the Arab population (later with the support of the Arab league) of the region. It is traditionally divided in two phases: a civil war in the final phase of the British Mandate, and a full-scale invasion by a coalition of Arab countries after the British left Palestine. During the war the State of Israel was established.
3.1.1.1948 Arab-Israeli War
Was a war between the newly established State of Israel and a coalition of Arab states. It was the second phase of the Palestine War of 1948. After the evacuation of the British forces from the Mandate for Palestine, Israel declared its independence, and Palestine was invaded by a coalition of Arab states.
3.1.1.1.Central Front (1948 Arab-Israeli War)
Were a series of battles on the central front of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War at the beginning of the war.
May 1948: Iraqi forces march on the triangle of Jenin - Nablus - Tulkarem.
3.1.1.2.Central Front - Operation Danny
Was a military operation by Israeli forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
July 1948: Majdal Yaba was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
3.1.2.1949 Armistice Agreements
Were a series of agreements between Israel, Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria that formally ended the 1948 Arab-Israel War.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Western Jordan remains occupied by Jordan.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Israel was left with the part of Mandatory Palestine it had conquered during the war.
Was a coup d'état in Iraq that led to the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy and the establishment of the Iraqi Republic.
August 1958: The union lasted only six months, being officially dissolved on 2 August 1958, after Faisal II of Iraq was deposed by a military coup on 14 July.
Was a war between Iran and Iraq from 1980 to 1988. Hoping to take advantage from the chaos cuased by the Islamic Revolution of 1979 in Iran, Iraqi forces invaded the country in 1980 with the goal of annexing Iran's Khuzestan province. However, by 1982 Iran had regained all the occupied territories and launched an invasion of Iraq. In 1988 Iraq launched a major counteroffensive that finally led to the end of the war with the same pre-war borders.
June 1981: Iran retook the high ground above Susangerd in May.
December 1981: Operation Tariq al-Qods was a military operation carried out by the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps in 1981 at the Bostan, Chazabeh border checkpoint. The operation was led by General Qasem Soleimani and resulted in the territory being taken by the Islamic Republic of Iran.
March 1982: Operation Fath ol-Mobin.
May 1982: Iranian liberation of Khorramshahr.
May 1982: Operation Beit ol-Moqaddas.
July 1982: Operation Ramadan.
October 1982: During Operation Muslim ibn Aqil (1-7 October), Iran recovered 150 km2 of disputed territory straddling the international border and reached the outskirts of Mandali before being stopped by Iraq.
November 1982: At the end of Operation Muharram, Iran succeeded to free the highlands 400/298, Bayat oil territory, Anbar river, Chamsari police station, Musian and other returns.
August 1983: Operation Dawn 2 operation carried out by Iran in 1983 in Haj Omran, a town located in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The operation was led by Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps to establish military control over the area.
August 1983: Operation Dawn 3 operation carried out by the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1983 in Mehran.
November 1983: Operation Dawn-4 was a military operation carried out by Iran in 1983 in Penjwin, a town in Iraqi Kurdistan. The operation was led by Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps and resulted in the occupation of the territory by Iranian forces.
March 1984: Operation Kheibar.
March 1985: Iranians launched an offensive on March 11 and succeeded in capturing a part of the Baghdad-Basra highway.
March 1985: The Iranians were forced to abandon control of the Baghdad-Basra highway to an Iraqi counter-response.
March 1986: First Battle of al-Faw.
June 1986: Saddam Hussein, the President of Iraq at the time, led the military occupation of Mehran in May 1986. This marked the third time that Saddam's forces were able to seize control of the city during the Iran-Iraq War.
July 1986: Battle of Mehran.
February 1987: east part of Basra Governorate is besieged by Iran.
March 1988: Operation Dawn 10 was a military operation carried out by Iran in 1988. The operation resulted in the capture of 3 towns and approximately 100 villages in the 1200 square kilometer operational area, including Halabja, Kharmal, Biareh, and Tawileh.
March 1988: Operation Zafar 7.
April 1988: Second Battle of al-Faw.
June 1988: Operation Forty Stars.
June 1988: Iraq launched the second Tawakal ala Allah operation against the Iranians on Majnoon Island.
July 1988: The Iraqis captured the city of Dehloran.
July 1988: The Iraqis withdrew from Dehloran, claiming that they had "no desire to conquer Iranian territory".
July 1988: Kerend-e Gharb is occupied by Iraqi forces.
July 1988: The Iranians defeated the Iraqis in the city of Kerend-e Gharb.
July 1988: Iran drove the MEK out of Qasr-e-Shirin and Sarpol Zahab, though MEK claimed to have "voluntarily withdrawn".
November 1988: At the conclusion of the Iran-Iraq War, it took several weeks for the armies to honor pre-war international borders.
5.1.Iraqi invasion of Iran
Was the invasion of Iran by Iraqi forces at the beginning of the Iran-Iraq War.
September 1980: On the central front, the Iraqis occupied Mehran.
September 1980: Iraqi forces were able to block the traditional Tehran-Baghdad invasion route by securing territory forward of Qasr-e Shirin, Iran.
September 1980: Battle of Khorramshahr.
November 1980: The Iraqi attempted to capture the strategic oil refinery Abadan. The cities of Ahvaz, Andimeshk, Dezful, Shush, and Susangerd were also occupied.
November 1980: Battle of Khorramshahr.
November 1980: Iranian territory occupied by Iraq in November 1980.
September 1981: End of the Iraqi siege of Abadan.
Was the military intervention by a United Nations-authorized coalition led by the U.S. in 1991 to free Kuwait from Iraqi forces that occupied the country since August 1990.
6.1.Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
In August 1990 Iraq invaded and annexed the neighboring State of Kuwait. Iraq's subsequent refusal to withdraw from Kuwait led to a military intervention by UN forces (known as the First Gulf War).
August 1990: Battle of Dasman Palace.
August 1990: Battle of the Bridges.
August 1990: Battle of Failaka.
August 1990: Alaa Hussein Ali is appointed Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Free Kuwait and Ali Hassan al-Majid is appointed Governor of the Kuwait Governorate, which is declared the 19th Governorate of Iraq.
August 1990: Kuwait formally annexed by Iraq.
6.2.Iraqi invasion of Saudi Arabia
Iraqi forces invaded the town of Khafji in Saudi Arabia during the First Gulf War. Saudi Arabia was part of the coalition that invaded Kuwait to free it from Iraqi occupation.
January 1991: Iraqi forces invade the town of Khafji in Saudi Arabia.
February 1991: Iraqi forces are driven out of Saudi Arabia.
6.3.Liberation of Kuwait
During the First Gulf War, a coalition led by the United States liberated Kuwait from Iraqi military occupation.
February 1991: Battle of Al Busayyah.
February 1991: Battle of Phase Line Bullet.
February 1991: Battle of Königinhof (modern-day Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czech Republic)
February 1991: American, Canadian, British and French aircraft and ground forces attacked retreating Iraqi military personnel attempting to leave Kuwait on the night of February 26-27, 1991.
February 1991: Battle of Kuwait International Airport.
February 1991: Battle of 73 Easting.
February 1991: Battle of Medina Ridge.
February 1991: Battle of Norfolk.
February 1991: Battle for Jalibah Airfield.
February 1991: In 1991, President George H.W. Bush announced a ceasefire in Kuwait, declaring victory over the Iraqi Army. This marked the end of the Gulf War, which began when Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990. The liberation of Kuwait was a significant moment in the conflict, with the international coalition forces successfully driving out the Iraqi troops.
March 1991: Battle of Rumaila.
May 1991: Coalition forces withdraw from Iraq.
Was a conflict in Iraq that consisted in the invasion and occupation of the country by a United States-led coalition. The invasion occurred as part of the George W. Bush administration's war on terror following the September 11 attacks, despite no connection between Iraq and the attacks. After the withdraw of coalition forces, an internal war known as War in Iraq (2013-2017) begun.
June 2004: Dissolution of the Coalition Provisional Authority of Iraq.
7.1.2003 invasion of Iraq
A United States-led coalition invaded and occupied the Republic of Iraq.
March 2003: Advancement of the 2003 invasion of Iraq by US-led coalition.
March 2003: American and British forces succeed in taking the airport outside of Basra, and a battle with Iraqi forces for the control of the city ensued.
March 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Al Faw.
March 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Umm Qasr.
March 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after Operation Northern Delay (Bashur Airfield is occupied).
March 2003: After 2 days of fighting, Royal Marines from J Company, 42 Commando, liberated the town of Umm Khayyal.
March 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Nasiriyah.
April 2003: Advancement of the 2003 invasion of Iraq by US-led coalition.
April 2003: U.S. forces reach the outskirts of Baghdad.
April 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Hillah.
April 2003: Kurdish militiamen, aided by U.S. forces, move into Kanilan near Mosul.
April 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Al Kut.
April 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Samawah.
April 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of the Karbala Gap (2003).
April 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Najaf.
April 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Karbala.
April 2003: Basra becomes the first major Iraqi city to be captured by coalition forces when it comes under British control.
April 2003: Baghdad is captured by U.S. forces.
April 2003: United States Army Special Forces under the command of Major James A. Gavrilis occupied Ar Rutbah.
April 2003: Capture and occupation of Kirkuk by Coalition forces on 10 April.
April 2003: Advancement of Coalition Forces after the Battle of Haditha Dam.
April 2003: Mosul fell on 11 April 2003, when the Iraqi Army 5th Corps, loyal to Saddam, abandoned the city and surrendered.
April 2003: Tikrit, the home town of Saddam Hussein, and the last town not under control of the coalition, was taken by the Marines of Task Force Tripoli.
April 2003: The Coalition Provisional Authority was a transitional government of Iraq established following the invasion of the country by the U.S.-led Multinational Force.
April 2003: In the aftermath of the 2003 invasion, Iraq came under the occupation of U.S.-led Coalition forces.
Initially a series of anti-government protests and revolts across the Arab world, it soon evolved into a series of wars. The wars caused by the revolts are sometimes referred to as the Arab Winter.
8.1.Iraqi Civil War
Was a war between the Iraqi government and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. The conflict originated as an insurgency against the government and the United States of America in the aftermath of the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition. In 2017 the government eventually reconquered all the territories occupied by the Islamic State.
October 2014: Liberation of Jurf Al Sakhar.
January 2015: In 2014 Jurf al-Nasr was captured by the ISIS terrorist organization.
May 2015: Battle of Ramadi (2014-2015).
8.1.1.First Anbar Offensive
Was a military offensive by the Islamic State in the Anbar Governorate, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
January 2014: Fall of Fallujah to ISIS.
January 2014: As of 8 January, in addition to Fallujah, ISIL had control of the Anbar cities of Al-Karmah, Hīt, Khaldiyah, Haditha, Al Qaim and parts of Ramadi and Abu Ghraib, along with numerous smaller settlements in Anbar.
January 2014: Ramadi was partially conquered by ISIL and its allies when fighting erupted in the Anbar Province.
January 2014: The Iraqi army, backed by Sunni tribesmen, managed to retake the city of Saqlawiyah in a counterattack against ISIL.
March 2014: Iraqi Security Forces recaptured Ramadi.
8.1.2.Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014)
Was a military offensive by the Islamic State in northern Iraq, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
April 2014: Pro-government tribal fighters took control of the Fallujah Dam.
June 2014: On 4 and 5 June 2014, ISIL militants attacked and captured parts of the city of Samarra.
June 2014: The IS took full control of the city of Tikrit.
June 2014: ISIL occupied the Saladin Governatorate with the exception of Tuz Khormato, Dujail, Balad, Samarra and Amirli.
June 2014: ISIL continued their advance towards Baghdad, occupying the small town of Udhaim.
June 2014: In the early hours of 13 June, ISIL seized Al-Sadiyah and Jalawla in the Diyala Governorate.
June 2014: Iraqi government forces managed to regain control of Samarra.
June 2014: Conquest of Baiji by the Islamic State.
June 2014: Kurdish forces entered Jalula.
June 2014: Several villages around the Hamrin Mountains were captured by the Islamic State.
June 2014: Iraqi government forces regained control of parts of Saladin Governorate, namely the town of Dhuluiyah.
June 2014: The Iraqi military recaptured Ishaqi where the burned bodies of 12 policemen were found.
June 2014: The Iraqi military attacked ISIL forces in al-Mutasim, 22 kilometres south-east of Samarra, driving militants out into the surrounding desert.
June 2014: West of Baghdad, ISIL captured Saqlawiyah.
June 2014: Militants captured the Baiji oil refinery after overnight clashes with government forces.
8.1.3.Autonomy of Iraqi Kurdistan
During the War in Iraq (2013-2017) government troops left Iraqi Kurdistan which was controlled by local forces for most of the war.
June 2014: When the Iraqi army withdrew from most of Iraqi Kurdistan in mid-2014 due to the ISIL offensive in northern Iraq, the Kurdish Peshmerga entered the areas and maintained control until October 2017.
October 2017: When the Iraqi army withdrew from most of the disputed areas in mid-2014 due to the ISIL offensive in northern Iraq, the Kurdish Peshmerga entered the areas and maintained control until October 2017.
8.1.4.Salahuddin Campaign
Was the battle of the Salahuddin Governorate, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
June 2014: The Iraqi Army retook the Baiji oil refinery in a counter-attack.
August 2014: Siege of Amirli.
November 2014: In mid-November 2014, Iraqi forces retook the city of Baiji.
December 2014: On 21 December 2014, ISIL forces captured Baiji.
March 2015: At least 50 ISIS fighters have turned themselves into the allied forces' hands in the town of Al-Dour on 8 March.
March 2015: The town of al-Alam was captured by the allied forces.
April 2015: Second Battle of Tikrit.
October 2015: The Iraqi government and the Popular Mobilization Forces retook Baiji in October 2015.
8.1.5.Second Anbar Offensive
Was a military offensive by the Islamic State in the Anbar Governorate, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
October 2014: ISIL seized the town of Kubaysah following the capture of most of nearby Hit.
October 2014: Fall of Hīt.
October 2014: ISIL militants seized the Iraqi village of Albu Nimr.
8.1.6.Al-Karmah offensive (2015)
Was an offensive launched by the Iraqi Army to recapture the Al-Karmah district from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
April 2015: On 23 April, Iraqi government forces secured the old road of Al-Karmah and three days later retook part of the city Al-Karmah.
8.1.7.Anbar campaign (2015-2016)
Was a military campaign launched by the Iraqi Armed Forces and their allies aimed at recapturing areas of the Anbar Governorate held by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).
February 2016: Battle of Ramadi (2015-2016).
May 2016: Battle of Ar-Rutbah (2016).
June 2016: Third Battle of Fallujah.
8.1.7.1.Battle of Hīt
Was a battle between the Iraqi government forces and the islamic State for the control of the area of Hit, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
March 2016: The Iraqi Army recaptured the town of Kabisa.
April 2016: Iraqi forces fully recaptured the town of Hīt, along with the remainder of the Hīt District.
8.1.8.Western Anbar offensive (September 2017)
Was an offensive launched by the Iraqi Army to recapture western Anbar from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
September 2017: Iraqi military announced that it had captured Akashat.
September 2017: Yarallah from JOC announced that Iraqi forces had completely captured Anah.
8.1.9.2017 Western Iraq campaign
Was a major military campaign launched by the Iraqi Government against the Islamic State (ISIL), during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
September 2017: Iraqi forces free Akashat from the Islamic State.
September 2017: Iraqi forces advance after the liberation of Akashat from the Islamic State.
October 2017: Iraqi general Lt Gen Abdul Amir Yarallah said they had cleared the village of Umm al-Waz, as well as the Saad (H2) airbase and nearby Husseiniyat area from IS forces.
October 2017: By 31 October, Iraqi forces had reached the edge of al-Qaim.
October 2017: Iraqi forces completely liberate Obaidi area in eastern Al-Qa’em
November 2017: ISIL loses al-Qaim in Iraq and Deir Az Zor in Syria.
November 2017: Iraqi forces seized several villages from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in an operation to retake Rawa
November 2017: Iraqi security forces recaptured up to 45 villages as part of a large-scale military operation to dislodge Islamic State (IS) militants from their hideouts in the desert in western Iraq.
December 2017: The Iraqi army conquers the remaining territories controlled be the Islamic State in Iraq.
8.1.10.2017 Hawija offensive
Was an offensive launched by the Iraqi Army against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
September 2017: On 22 September, Iraqi forces liberated approximately 140 square kilometers of territory north of the district of Hawija from the Kirkuk Governorate.
September 2017: On 24 September, the Iraqi forces had liberated all of the areas north of the Al-Zab River, along with some other areas west of the Tigris River and in the northern Makhoul Mountains.
September 2017: On 29 September Iraqi forces recaptured the town of al-Abbassi from the Islamic State.
October 2017: On 5 october the Iraqi forces took control of the city of Hawija.
October 2017: Hawija and surrounding regions conquered by government forces.
October 2017: The Iraqi army conquers the areas surrounding the city of Hawija.
8.1.11.Battle of Kirkuk (2017)
Was an offensive launched by the Iraqi Army to recapture Kirkuk from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, during the War in Iraq (2013-2017).
October 2017: Government advance during the Battle of Kirkuk.
October 1922: The Kingdom of Kurdistan was a short-lived unrecognised state proclaimed in the city of Sulaymaniyah following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.
October 1932: Independence of Iraq from the United Kingdom.
February 1958: The Federation was formed on 14 February 1958, when King Faisal II of Iraq and his cousin, King Hussein of Jordan, sought to unite their two Hashemite kingdoms, as a response to the formation of the United Arab Republic between Egypt and Syria.
January 1993: Ba'athist Iraq, formally the Iraqi Republic until January 1992 and the Republic of Iraq thereafter.
Selected Sources
Alain Gresh et Dominique Vidal, Palestine 47, un partage avorté, 1994, p. 177.
Farrokh, K. (2011): Iran at War: 1500-1988, Oxford: Osprey Publishing
Gilbert, M. (2012): The Routledge Atlas of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 10th Edition, Routledge, p.50
ISIL loses al-Qaim in Iraq and Deir Az Zor in Syria. Al Jazeera. November, 3rd, 2017. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/11/3/isil-loses-al-qaim-in-iraq-and-deir-az-zor-in-syria
Iran - Iraq War, 1980 -1988 . United States Military Academy of Westpoint. Retrieved on 7 April 2024 on https://www.westpoint.edu/sites/default/files/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/Since%201958/Iran-Iraq.jpg
Iraq War 2003. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 7 April 2024 on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Iraq_War_2003.gif
Iraq declares final victory over Islamic State. Reuters. December, 9th 2017. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-iraq-islamicstate/iraq-declares-final-victory-over-islamic-state-idUSKBN1E30B9/
Iraqi forces advance on ISIL-held Rawa in Anbar. Al Jazeera. November, 11th 2017. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/11/11/iraqi-forces-advance-on-isil-held-rawa-in-anbar/
Iraqi forces completely liberate Obaidi area in eastern Al-Qa’em. Al Manar News. October, 31st, 2017. https://english.almanar.com.lb/375351
Iraqi forces end phase 1 of Hawija offensive: command. Iraqi News. September, 24th 2017. https://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/iraqi-forces-end-phase-1-hawija-offensive/
Iraqi forces free Akashat from IS near border with Syria. Xinhua News. September, 16th, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170916182312/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-09/16/c_136614822.htm
Iraqi forces launch assault on last IS bastion of al-Qaim. BBC. October, 26th 2017. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-41760479
Iraqi forces liberate 140km2 of territory north of Hawija. Almasdar News. 22 September 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20190414114404/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/iraqi-forces-liberate-140km2-territory-north-hawija/
Iraqi forces on edge of final Daesh bastion. Gulf News. October 31, 2017. https://gulfnews.com/world/mena/iraqi-forces-on-edge-of-final-daesh-bastion-1.2116590
L'EI perd son dernier grand centre urbain en Irak. L'Express. October, 5th 2017. https://www.lexpress.fr/monde/les-forces-irakiennes-reprennent-le-centre-de-hawija-a-l-ei_1949607.html
Map: Remaining Iraqi Territories Under Control of IS. 8 October 2017. https://www.basnews.com/index.php/en/news/iraq/383868
More than 40 IS militants killed, as second phase of Hawija offensive starts. Iraqi News. September, 29 2017
Operation Danny. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 30 March 2024 on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Danny
Security forces regain control of 45 villages in anti-IS offensive in western Iraq. Xinhua News. November, 25th 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171125160432/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-11/25/c_136777589.htm
Tucker, E. (2016): The Middle East in Modern World History, Routledge, p.222
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