This article is about the specific polity Italian Eritrea and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Italy systematically occupied modern-day Eritrea, starting with the settlements under the control of the Rubattino Shipping Company, and established a Colony. Italian Eritrea merged with other italian colonies in the area to form the Italian Colony of East Africa.
Establishment
March 1882: The Italian government bought the possession of Assab.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a war by Mahdist Sudan against Egyptian rule. The Mahdista were finally defeated by Egyptian and British forces, and Sudan became an Anglo-Egyptian condominium.
1.1.Mahdist Attacks to Eritrea
Was the invasion of Eritrea by Mahdist Sudan during the Mahdist War.
June 1892: Battle of Serobeti.
July 1892: Battle of Serobeti.
December 1893: The Second Battle of Agordat took place in 1893 between Italian forces led by General Baratieri and Mahdist Sudanese troops. The Italians were victorious, securing control of the territory for Italy in their colonial expansion in East Africa.
January 1894: The Second Battle of Agordat took place in 1894 in Agordat, Eritrea. It was a decisive victory for Italian forces led by General Oreste Baratieri over the Ethiopian army of Emperor Menelik II. This battle solidified Italian control over the territory, which became part of Italian Eritrea.
July 1894: In 1894, Governor Oreste Baratieri of Italian Eritrea attempted to capture Kassala to prevent Mahdist attacks on Eritrea. The Mahdists were followers of Muhammad Ahmad, who had established a state in Sudan and posed a threat to Italian interests in the region.
1.2.Anglo-Egyptian conquest of Sudan
Was the joint Anglo-Egyptian military invasion of Mahdist Sudan that ended the Mahdist War.
December 1897: In 1897, the Kingdom of Italy, led by Prime Minister Francesco Crispi, returned Kassala to the Kingdom of Egypt under British leadership. This was done in order to gain international recognition of Italy's colony of Eritrea, which was established in the late 19th century.
Were two invasion of Ethiopia by the Kingdom of Italy whose goal was to make Ethiopia a colony. The first invasion was not succesful, but after the second invasion Ethiopia became part of of Italian East Africa.
2.1.First Italo-Ethiopian War
Was an ultimately unsuccesful Italian invasion of Ethiopia.
January 1895: Battle of Coatit.
January 1895: In 1895, the Italians achieved a significant victory in Quatit, Italian Eritrea, by successfully repelling an invasion force led by Ethiopian Emperor Menelik II. This victory solidified Italian control over the territory and marked a turning point in the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
2.2.Second Italo-Ethiopian War
Was the second Italian military invasion of Ethiopia. At the end of the war the country became part of Italian East Africa.
2.2.1.Northern Front (Second Italo-Ethiopian War)
Was the northern front of the Second Italo-Ethiopian war.
2.2.1.1.Ethiopian Christmas Offensive
Was an Italian military offensive during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.
January 1936: The Ethiopians reoccupied all of southern Tembien.
2.2.2.Southern Front (Second Italo-Ethiopian War)
Was the southern front of the Second Italo-Ethiopian war.
2.2.2.1.Graziani Offensive
Was an Italian military offensive commanded by General Rodolfo Graziani during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.
May 1936: Italian general Graziani entered Dire Daua, a few hours before the arrival by train from Addis Ababa of the men of Badoglio. With this last formal act, the war on the southern front also ended.
January 1886: With the help of the British, the city of Massawa came under Italian control and became part of Italy's colony of Eritrea in 1885.
May 1889: The Treaty of Wuchale was signed between Italy and Menelik II, the Emperor of Ethiopia. It established the borders between Italian Eritrea and the Ethiopian Empire in 1889.
June 1899: Abbas II of Egypt and the British decided to re-establish control over Sudan. Leading a joint Egyptian-British force, Lord Kitchener led military campaigns from 1896 to 1898. In 1899, Britain and Egypt formally agreed to establish a joint protectorate: Egypt on the basis of its previous claims and Britain by right of conquest. At this point the protectorate encompassed modern-day Sudan and South Sudan as well as the Sarra triangle.
June 1936: Italian Eritrea became part of Italian East Africa on 1 June 1936.
Disestablishment
January 1936: The Ethiopians reoccupied all of southern Tembien.
May 1936: Italian general Graziani entered Dire Daua, a few hours before the arrival by train from Addis Ababa of the men of Badoglio. With this last formal act, the war on the southern front also ended.
June 1936: Italian Eritrea became part of Italian East Africa on 1 June 1936.
_crowned.svg (3).png.webp)
Italian Eritrea
