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Data

Name: Kingdom of Emesa

Type: Polity

Start: 63 BC

End: 78 AD

Parent: rome

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A Roman client dynasty of Arab kings that was installed after the Mithridatic Wars.

Establishment


  • January 63 BC: Around 64 BC, the Roman General and Triumvir, Pompey had reorganised Syria and the surrounding countries into Roman provinces. Pompey had installed client kings in the region, who would become allies of Rome. Among these was Sampsiceramus I of the Emesene Dynasty.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. Mithridatic Wars


    Were three conflicts fought by Rome against the Kingdom of Pontus and its allies between 88 BC and 63 BC. They are named after Mithridates VI, the King of Pontus during the course of the wars.

    1.1.Third Mithridatic War

    Was the last and longest of the three Mithridatic Wars, fought between Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman Republic. The conflict ended in defeat for Mithridates, ending the Pontic Kingdom, ending the Seleucid Empire (by then a rump state), and also resulting in the Kingdom of Armenia becoming an allied client state of Rome.


    2. Roman-Persian Wars


    Were a series of Wars between Rome (first the Roman Republic then the Roman Empire and finally the Eastern Roman Empire) and Persia (the Parthian Empire, and then its successor, the Sasanian Empire). The wars were ended by the early Muslim conquests, which led to the fall of the Sasanian Empire and huge territorial losses for the Byzantine Empire.

    2.1.Antony's Atropatene campaign

    Was a military campaign by Mark Antony, the eastern triumvir of the Roman Republic, against the Parthian Empire under Phraates IV.

    2.1.1.Persian Invasion (Antony's Atropatene campaign)

    Was the Persian invasion of the Roman Republic during Mark Antony's Parthian War.

  • March 40 BC: The Parthians conquered Syria (with the exception of Tyre), and Anatolia up to Caria including Cappadocia, Commagene and Galatia
  • March 40 BC: While Mark Antony was staying in Alexandria, the situation in the Eastern Roman provinces had worsened. Urged by the local potentates dethroned by the triumvir to invade Syria and Asia, the Parthians had decided to go on the attack. In February 40 BC. the Parthian army led by Quintus Labienus and Pacorus, the son of King Orodes II, crossed the Euphrates and attacked Apamea.

  • 2.1.2.Anthony's Invasion

    Was the Roman invasion of Persia during Mark Antony's Parthian War.

  • October 36 BC: As his legionaries were tired and begged to return home, at the end of October, Mark Anthony decided to end the war with Persia.

  • 3. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)


  • January 61 BC: During the reign of Aretas III (87 to 62 BC) the Nabatean Kingdom reached its territorial zenith.

  • January 29 BC: From 30 BC until 20 BC, the Emesene Kingdom was dissolved.

  • January 19 BC: Later in 20 BC, Octavian, now as the Roman emperor Augustus, restored the Emesene Kingdom to Iamblichus II.

  • Disestablishment


  • January 79: Sohaemus was apparently the last king of the Emesene Kingdom and after his death in 78, the Kingdom most probably was absorbed by the Roman Province of Syria, but there is no explicit evidence of this occurring.
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