This article is about the specific polity Grand Duchy of Lithuania and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was a polity created by the Lithuanians in the 13th century. Initially a Duchy, it became Kingdom in 1251 when Duke Mindaugas converted to Christianity. However the rulers immediately after Mindaugas remained pagans and created the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Lithuania grew to be a regional power, being able to defeat the Mongols and inglobate many of the small principalities that had succeeded the Kievan Rus'. Lithuania ceased to exist as a separate polity in 1385 when it entered into a Personal Union wit Poland.
Establishment
December 1263: Mindaugas and two of his sons were assassinated in 1263. The country reverted to paganism and its status as a kingdom was lost. The state survived as the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of military campaigny by the Mongols that created the largest contiguous Empire in history, the Mongol Empire, which controlled most of Eurasia.
1.1.Mongol Invasions of Lithuania
Was a Mongol raid in Lithuania.
January 1276: Mongols raided Lithuania in 1275, 1279 and 1325.
February 1276: Mongols raided Lithuania in 1275, 1279 and 1325.
January 1280: Mongols raided Lithuania in 1275, 1279 and 1325.
February 1280: Mongols raided Lithuania in 1275, 1279 and 1325.
January 1326: Mongols raided Lithuania in 1275, 1279 and 1325.
February 1326: Mongols raided Lithuania in 1275, 1279 and 1325.
Expansion during the rule of Gediminas in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1321: The last prince of Vitebsk was Jaroslav Vasilkovich, whose daughter Mary was married to a Lithuanian prince. Jaroslav died in 1320 without heirs and Vitebsk was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1321: The Principality of Toropets was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1321: Expansion of Lithuania by 1320.
January 1322: In 1321, Gediminas of Lithuania captured Kiev, sending Stanislav, the last Rurikid to rule Kiev, into exile.
January 1324: Lutsk is occupied by the troops of Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas.
January 1327: Expansion of Lithuania by 1326.
January 1337: Expansion of Lithuania by 1336.
January 1341: Expansion of Lithuania by 1340.
January 1341: Incorporation of the Principality of Turov into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Were several wars fought in the years 1340-1392 over the succession in the Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia.
January 1345: Direct conflict between Poland and Lithuania renewed, but soon a peace treaty was signed: Volhynia was assigned to Liubartas and Galicia to Casimir.
February 1348: After the Lithuanians were defeated in the Battle of Strėva by the Teutonic Knights in 1348, Liubartas lost all territories except for eastern Volhynia with Lutsk to Casimir .
November 1352: Another truce, rather favorable to the Lithuanians, was signed in fall 1352: Lubartas received not only Volhynia and Podolia, but also Belz and Chełm.
November 1366: In fall 1366, a treaty was signed by Poland and Lithuania: Liubartas of Lithuania retained only eastern Volhynia with Lutsk.
January 1371: In 1370, Liubartas took advantage of Casimir's death and captured all of Volhynia, including Volodymyr-Volynskyi.
January 1377: In 1376 the war resumed: Liubartas, Kęstutis, and Yuri of Belz attacked Sandomierz and Tarnów, reaching as far as Kraków.
February 1377: In 1376, the war resumed between the Kingdom of Poland (Hungary) and the Lithuanian rulers Liubartas, Kęstutis, and Yuri of Belz. They attacked Sandomierz, Tarnów, and even reached Kraków, causing turmoil in the region.
January 1383: After Louis death in 1382, Liubartas captured castles ruled by Hungarians (including Kremenets and Przemyśl).
3.1.Union of Krewo
Was a treaty that created a personal union between Poland and Lithuania.
August 1385: Union of Krewo: Personal union of poland and lithuania.
Expansion during the rule of Algirdas in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1353: Eventually by the mid-14th century, the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania divided up the region between them: King Casimir III took Galicia and Western Volhynia, while the sister state of Eastern Volhynia together with Kyiv came under Lithuanian control, 1352-66.
January 1356: Expansion of Lithuania by 1355.
January 1357: Expansion of Lithuania by 1356.
January 1357: The Bryansk Principality became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1357: In 1356, during civil strife, the Bryansk principality was seized by the Grand Duke of Lithuania Olgerd.
January 1358: Briansk was taken in 1356 by the Grand Duke of Lithuania, Olgierd, and the principality lost its autonomy.
January 1360: Expansion of Lithuania by 1359.
January 1361: Karachev principality conquered by Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1363: Expansion of Lithuania by 1362.
January 1363: The Principality of Novgorod-Seversk became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1363: In 1362, after the Battle of Blue Waters, the Putivl Principalitybecame part of Greater Lithuania.
December 1363: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led by Grand Duke Algirdas and his brother Kęstutis, launched a successful campaign against the Golden Horde in 1363. The Battle of Blue Waters resulted in the capture of Kiev and Podolia, expanding the territory of the Grand Duchy.
January 1364: Western Podolia conquered by Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1364: In 1363 after the Battle of Blue Waters, the Pereyaslavl principality became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania .
January 1369: The prince of Obolensk died in 1368 during an attack on the city by the Grand Duke of Lithuania Olgerd, who incorporated the city into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1371: In the 60s of the XIV century, the Rila Principality became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Were a series of wars between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Grand Duchy of Moscow (later the Tsardom of Russia).
5.1.Lithuanian-Muscovite War (1368-1372)
Were a series of military invasions of the the Grand Duchy of Moscow by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
5.1.1.Russian counterattack against Algirdas
Was the Russian counterattack to the Lithuanian invasion started in 1368.
April 1370: In early 1370, Moscow attacked Tver and Bryansk which belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
December 1370: A truce between Russia and Lithuania was concluded. Lithuanian Grand Duke Algirdas retreated from the occupied territories.
January 1267: The Curonian resistance in Southern Courland was led by the Semigallian chief, Dabrelis. In 1266, the Teutonic Order successfully subdued the resistance, leading to the partition of Courland between the Livonian Order and the Archbishop of Riga.
January 1277: From 1274 to 1276 Leo of Galicia fought a war with the new Lithuanian ruler Traidenis but was defeated, and Lithuania annexed the territory of Black Ruthenia with its city Navahrudak.
January 1278: The Teutonic Knights proceeded to conquer other Baltic tribes: the Nadruvians and Skalvians in 1274-1277.
January 1282: In 1281, Grand Duke Traidenis of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania conquered Jersika Castle, located in present-day Preiļi District. Jersika Castle was a key stronghold in the region, and its capture solidified Traidenis' control over the territory.
January 1283: The Teutonic Order agreed to exchange the Jersika Castle for the Dinaburg Castle.
January 1284: From 1274 to 1283 the Teutonic Knights conquered Skalvians, Nadruvians, and Sudovians/Yotvingians.
January 1284: The territory of the Yotvingians (a Western Baltic people who were closely tied to the Old Prussians) conquered by the Teutonic Order.
January 1296: In 1295, Butigeidis, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, transferred Vaŭkavysk to Galicia-Volhynia in exchange for peace with the Kingdom of Rus' (Golden Horde). This decision was part of the complex political dynamics and power struggles in the region during that time.
January 1301: At the beginning of the XIV century, the Dubrovitsky principality became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania .
January 1301: At the end of the XIII century, the Principality of Borisov became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1314: The Order captured the Dynaburg Castle, controlled by Lithuanians since 1281, in 1313.
January 1316: Expansion of Lithuania by 1315.
January 1351: In the middle of the XIV century, the Myshegodsky Principality fell into dependence onThe Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1361: In 1360, Meshchovsk became part of the Principality of Mezets.
January 1364: The Starodub principality is acquired by Moscow.
January 1366: One of the principalities disintegrated at the end of the XIV century Mologa principality.
January 1367: In 1366, Casimir of Poland, allied with Siemowit III of Masovia, and resumed the war with Lithuania. He occupied Eastern Volhynia together with Kyiv.
January 1378: Conquest of Lithuanian territories by the Grand Duchy of Moscow (based on maps).
January 1381: In the 1370s the lands of the Ustiv princes came under the control of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
January 1384: Serrey was a dominion in present-day Lithuania, which belonged to the Teutonic Order from 1383 to 1398.
Disestablishment
August 1385: Union of Krewo: Personal union of poland and lithuania.
Selected Sources
Baronas, D. (2011): Ekspansijos Rusioje potvyniai ir atoslūgiai in Dubonis, Arūnas (ed.). Lietuvos istorija. XIII a. - 1385 m. valstybės iškilimas tarp rytų ir vakarų Vol. III, Vilnius (Lithuania), pp. 468-471
Batūra, R. (2013): Algirdo žygiai į Maskvą 1368 1370, 1372in Zikaras, K.: Žymiausi Lietuvos mūšiai ir karinės operacijos (2nd ed.). Vilnius (Lithuania), pp. 46-49
VKL-1462-ru. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 7 April 2024 on https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:VKL-1462-ru.png
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
