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Was an entity established between 1920-1948 in the region of Palestine under the terms of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine.
Establishment
April 1920: The Mandate of Palestine was a geopolitical entity established between 1920-1948 in the region of Palestine under the terms of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
is an ongoing conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbours, as well as with Palestine, an area factually controlled by Israel itself. The conflict begun when the British Mandate in Palestine (a former Ottoman territory) was partitioned into an Arab and a Jewish state.
1.1.Palestine War
Was a war that took place in Palestine, initially a British Mandate, between the Jewish population and the the Arab population (later with the support of the Arab league) of the region. It is traditionally divided in two phases: a civil war in the final phase of the British Mandate, and a full-scale invasion by a coalition of Arab countries after the British left Palestine. During the war the State of Israel was established.
1.1.1.1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
Was a civil war between the Jewish and Arab populations of the British Mandate for Palestine, and the first phase of the 1948 Palestine War. The goal of the Jewish population was the creation of their own nation, whereas the Arab community, which represented the majority of the country, opposed this plan.
November 1947: When obligatory consicription was instituted, the Jewish held territories encompassed the zones with a Jewis-majority population.
April 1948: Tiberias fell in mid-end April.
April 1948: Haifa fell on 23 April. 15,000 Arabs evacuated the city during 21-22 April.
April 1948: Jaffa was conquered at the end of April 1948 with Operation Hametz.
May 1948: Israeli conquests until end of May during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine.
1.1.1.1.Operation Nachshon
Was a military operation carried out by Jewish paramilitary brigades during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine.
April 1948: Arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Nachshon.
April 1948: Between 5-20 April 1500 men from the Givati and Harel brigades took control of the road to Jerusalem.
August 1948: Bayt Thul was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Nachshon.
1.1.1.2.Battle of Mishmar HaEmek
Was a battle between the Arab Liberation Army (Yarmouk Battalion) and the Haganah (Palmach and HISH) during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine.
April 1948: Ghubayya al-Fauqa was occupied until mid-April, along with nearby Ghubayya al-Tahta.
April 1948: Palmach units gained control of the village of Abu Zurayq on April 12.
April 1948: Palmach units took the villages of Al-Mansi and Naghnaghiya.
1.1.1.3.Operation Yiftach
Was a military operation carried out by Jewish paramilitary brigades during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine.
April 1948: Arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Yiftach.
May 1948: Arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Yiftach.
May 1948: The elders of the city of Beisan surrendered to the Golani battalion.
May 1948: Al-Shawka al-Tahta was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Yiftach.
May 1948: Khan al-Duway was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Yiftach.
May 1948: Al-Zawiya was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Yiftach.
June 1948: Al-Dirbashiyya was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Yiftach.
June 1948: Al-Didara was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Yiftach.
1.1.1.4.Operation Yevusi
Was a military operation carried out by Jewish paramilitary brigades during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine.
April 1948: On the night of 24/25 April the Palmah's Harle Brigade, under the command of Yitzhak Rabin, captured Sheikh Jarrah.
May 1948: The Palmah force took over Katamon, a neighborhood in south-central Jerusalem, at the end of April 1948.
1.1.1.5.Operation Ben-Ami
Was a military operation carried out by Jewish paramilitary brigades during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine.
May 1948: Arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Ben-Ami.
May 1948: al-Kabri was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Ben-Ami.
May 1948: al-Tall was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Ben-Ami.
1.1.1.6.Operation Kilshon
Was a military operation carried out by Jewish paramilitary brigades during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine.
May 1948: Jewish forces from the Haganah and Irgun executed Operation Kilshon ("Pitchfork"). Its aim was to capture the Jewish suburbs of Jerusalem.
1.1.2.1948 Arab-Israeli War
Was a war between the newly established State of Israel and a coalition of Arab states. It was the second phase of the Palestine War of 1948. After the evacuation of the British forces from the Mandate for Palestine, Israel declared its independence, and Palestine was invaded by a coalition of Arab states.
May 1948: Unilateral declaration of Independence of the State of Israel.
1.1.2.1.Southern Front - Operation Uvda
Was a military operation by Israeli forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
March 1948: The Jewish Alexandroni Brigade moved from Beersheba through Mamshit towards Sodom.
March 1948: Jewish Negev forces moved towards Umm Rashrash through the Valley of Fingers.
March 1948: On March 9, Golani forces captured Gharandal.
March 1948: The Jewish Alexandroni Brigade captured Masada.
March 1948: The Jewish Alexandroni Brigade captured Ein Gedi.
March 1948: On March 10, the Negev Brigade completed the occupation of southern Negev.
1.1.2.2.Central Front (1948 Arab-Israeli War)
Were a series of battles on the central front of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War at the beginning of the war.
May 1948: Jordanian forces invaded Mandatory Palestine and moved towards Nablus and Ramallah.
May 1948: Lydda and Ramleh are occupied by the 3rd Jordanian Brigade.
May 1948: Iraqi forces march on the triangle of Jenin - Nablus - Tulkarem.
May 1948: The Jewish quarter of Jerusalem fell to the Jordanian Arab Legion on 28 May 1948.
1.1.2.3.Northern Front (1948 Arab-Israeli War)
Were a series of battles on the northern front of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War at the beginning of the war.
May 1948: Galilee is conquered by the Arab Liberation Army.
1.1.2.4.Southern Front (1948 Arab-Israeli War)
Were a series of battles on the southern front of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War at the beginning of the war.
May 1948: Until May 21, the Egyptian forces had occupied Beersheba and reached Bethlehem.
May 1948: Egyptian troops moved up the coast through what is now the Gaza Strip, to above Ashdod, before being stopped in late May.
January 1949: With Operation Yaov, northern Negev was conquered by Israeli forces by 7 January 1949.
1.1.2.5.Central Front - Operation Danny
Was a military operation by Israeli forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
July 1948: Rantiya was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Lydda was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Al-Haditha was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Al-Muzayri'a was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Majdal Yaba was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Suba was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: al-Burj was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Kh al-Buwayra was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Bir Ma'in was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Barfiliya was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Salbit was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Bayt Nabala was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
July 1948: Shilta was among the arab communities captured by Israel during Operation Danny.
1.1.2.6.Southern Front - Operation Horev
Was a military operation by Israeli forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
December 1948: Arab defeat at al-Auja on December 27, 1948.
1.1.3.1949 Armistice Agreements
Were a series of agreements between Israel, Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria that formally ended the 1948 Arab-Israel War.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Western Jordan remains occupied by Jordan.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Israel left the territories that it had occupied outside Mandatory Palestine.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Israel was left with the part of Mandatory Palestine it had conquered during the war.
Disestablishment
January 1949: With Operation Yaov, northern Negev was conquered by Israeli forces by 7 January 1949.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Israel was left with the part of Mandatory Palestine it had conquered during the war.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Israel left the territories that it had occupied outside Mandatory Palestine.
July 1949: By 20 July Israel made Armistice Agreements with Egypt, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Syria, ending the 1947-1949 Palestine war. Western Jordan remains occupied by Jordan.
Selected Sources
Alain Gresh et Dominique Vidal, Palestine 47, un partage avorté, 1994, p. 177.
Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins, O Jérusalem, Robert Laffont, 1971. p. 372
Filiu, J. (2023): Gaza - A History, Hurst Publishers, Chapter 4 "The Catastrophe"
Gilbert, M. (2012): The Routledge Atlas of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 10th Edition, Routledge, p.44
Gilbert, M. (2012): The Routledge Atlas of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 10th Edition, Routledge, p.46
Gilbert, M. (2012): The Routledge Atlas of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 10th Edition, Routledge, p.50
Golani, M. (2009): The End of the British Mandate for Palestine, 1948: The Diary of Sir Henry Gurney, Springer, p.183
Golani, M. / Manna, A. (2011): Two sides of the coin: Independence and Nakba 1948, Institute for Historical Justice and Reconciliation, p. 116
Ilan Pappé, La guerre de 1948 en Palestine, La fabrique éditions, 2000, ISBN 978-2-264-04036-7* Eugène Rogan, Avi Shlaim et al., La guerre de Palestine 1948: derrière le mythe, Autrement, 2002, p.80
Khalidi, W. (1992): All that Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948, Institute for Palestine Studies, p. 143
Khalidi, W. (1992): All that Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948, Institute for Palestine Studies, p. 159-161
Khalidi, W. (1992): All that Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948, Institute for Palestine Studies, p. 8
Kumaraswamy, P.R. (2015): Historical Dictionary of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, Rowman & Littlefield, p.89
Louis, W.R. (1984): The British Empire in the Middle East, 1945-1951: Arab Nationalism, the United States, and Postwar Imperialism, Clarendon Press, p. 756
Morris, B. (1989): The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, 1947-1949, Cambridge University Press, p. 106
Morris, B. (1989): The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, 1947-1949, Cambridge University Press, p. 117
Morris, B. (2003): Victimes: histoire revisitée du conflit arabo-sioniste, Editions Complexe, p.247
Morris, B. (2003): Victimes: histoire revisitée du conflit arabo-sioniste, Editions Complexe, pp. 254, 257
Morris, B. (2008): 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, Yale University Press, p.234,
Naor, M. (2013): Social Mobilization in the Arab/Israeli War of 1948: On the Israeli Home Front, Routledge, p. 140
Operation Ben-Ami. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 30 March 2024 on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Ben-Ami
Operation Danny. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 30 March 2024 on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Danny
Operation Nachshon. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 30 March 2024 on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Nachshon
Operation Uvda (March 5 - March 10, 1949). Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved on 6 April 2024 on https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/operation-uvda
Operation Yiftach. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 30 March 2024 on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Yiftach
Tal, D. (2004): War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy, Routledge, p. 114
Tal, D. (2004): War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy, Routledge, p. 119
Tal, D. (2004): War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy, Routledge, p. 205
Tal, D. (2004): War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy, Routledge, p. 210
israel_hist_1947. University of Texas Libraries. Retrieved on 6 April 2024 on https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/israel_hist_1973.jpg
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Mandatory Palestine
