Taifa of Toledo

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Was one of the Taifas (independent Muslim principality) in the Iberian Peninsula that emerged in the period following the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba.

Establishment

January 1011: The Taifa of Toledo existed from the fracturing of the long-eminent Muslim Caliphate of Córdoba in 1035.

Chronology

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1. Fragmentation of the Caliphate of Córdoba

The Caliphate disintegrated in the early 11th century during the Fitna of al-Andalus, a civil war between the descendants of caliph Hisham II and the successors of his hajib (court official), Al-Mansur, leading to the establishment of a multitude of independent Muslim kingdoms (taifas).

2. Reconquista

Were a series military campaigns from the 8th century until 1492 by the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula to reconquer the region from the Islamic rulers that had conquered it during the Umayyad conquest of Hispania.

January 1036: Sancho III of Pamplona, also known as Sancho the Great, divided his possessions among his four sons upon his death in 1035.

January 1036: Establishment of the Kingdom of Castile.

January 1061: Forces from Leon captured the fortresses of San Esteban de Gormaz, Berlanga and Vadorrey, and afterwards proceeded through Santiuste, Huermeces and Santamara.

May 1085: Toledo officially and peacefully fell into Christian hands.