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Were an international military coalition formed during the Second World War (1939-1945) to oppose the Axis powers. Its principal members by the end of 1941 were the United Kingdom, United States, Soviet Union, and China.
Establishment
April 1940: British forces land at Namsos and Harstad as Anglo-French forces prepare to launch operations against German forces at Trondheim and Narvik.
April 1940: British forces land at Åndalsnes.
April 1940: Allied forces decide to withdraw from Namsos and Åndalsnes, abandoning the effort against German forces at Trondheim.
May 1940: Anglo-French forces land at Mosjøen to block German advances to Narvik.
May 1940: German forces enter Åndalsnes.
May 1940: French Foreign Legion and Polish forces land at Tromsø and Harstad.
June 1940: The surrender of Norway to the German invading force is complete and resistance is ended.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
1.1.World War II (Western Front)
Was the Western European theatre of World War II.
1.1.1.Norwegian Campaign
Was the struggle for the control of Norway between Germany and the Allies that ended with the German military occupation of that country.
1.1.2.Ardennes Counteroffensive
Was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II.
1.1.2.1.Allied Counteroffensive
Allied military operations to liberate Belgium and Luxembourg during World War II.
January 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
1.1.3.Siegfried Line campaign
Was a phase in the Western European campaign of World War II which involved actions near the German defensive Siegfried Line.
September 1944: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
1.1.3.1.Battle of the Scheldt
Was a series of military operations led by the First Canadian Army, with Polish and British units attached, to open up the shipping route to Antwerp so that its port could be used to supply the Allies in north-west Europe.
October 1944: Allied advances by October 16th in the Low Countries and Belgium, during the Battle of the Scheldt.
1.1.4.Western Allied invasion of Germany
Was the invasion of the western territories of Germany mainly by the United States, United Kingdom, France and Canada at the end of World War II.
March 1945: Frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
March 1945: American forces clear large part of Wesel in street-to-sreet fighting.
March 1945: Allied military operations during the encirclement of the Ruhr area (March-April 1945).
April 1945: Allied military operations during the encirclement of the Ruhr area (March-April 1945).
April 1945: Allied advance in Germany in that date.
April 1945: Allied reduction of Ruhr Pocket.
April 1945: Final allied military operations in the European theatre of World War II (April-May 1945).
May 1945: Final allied military operations in the European theatre of World War II (April-May 1945).
1.1.4.1.Battle of Aachen
Was a battle of World War II, fought by American and German forces in and around Aachen, Germany, between 2-21 October 1944.
October 1944: The German commander of Aachen garrison surrenders at 12:05 of 21 October 1944 ot American forces.
1.1.4.2.Operation Clipper
Was an Allied offensive by the British XXX Corps (which included the American 84th Infantry Division) to reduce the Geilenkirchen salient in mid-November 1944.
November 1944: Allied forces arrive 2 miles Sout-West of Geilenkrichen.
1.1.4.3.German Offensive on the Western Front during the Allied invasion
Was a offensive of Germany against the Allies that were invading German-occupied Europe during World War II.
December 1944: Territorial changes caused on December 16th 1944 by the German Ardenne Offensive of 1944 ("Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein").
December 1944: Territorial changes caused on December 20th 1944 by the German Ardenne Offensive of 1944 ("Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein").
December 1944: Territorial changes caused on December 25th 1944 by the German Ardenne Offensive of 1944 ("Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein").
1.1.4.4.Operation Blackcock
Was an operation to clear German troops from the Roer Triangle, formed by the towns of Roermond and Sittard in the Netherlands and Heinsberg in Germany during the fighting on the Western Front in the Second World War.
January 1945: Allied forces complete capture of Heinsberg.
1.1.4.5.Operation Veritable
Was an Allied military operation in the Reichswald Forest, in Germany, towards the end of World War II.
February 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline during the Rhineland campaign.
February 1945: Allied forces complete capture of Cleve.
March 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline during the Rhineland campaign.
1.1.4.6.Operation Grenade
Was the crossing of the Roer river between Roermond and Düren by the U.S. Ninth Army which marked the beginning of the Allied invasion of Germany.
1.1.4.7.Operation Lumberjack
Was a military operation with the goal of capturing the west bank of the Rhine River and seizing key German cities, near the end of World War II.
March 1945: At Bitburg, the Soviet 5th Infantry Division cut through the German lines.
March 1945: Allied forces entered Euskirchen on 4 March.
March 1945: Allied conquest of Cologne.
1.2.World War II (Italian Front)
Was the Italian Front of World War II.
1.2.1.Allied invasion of Sicily
Was a major campaign of World War II in which the Allied forces invaded the island of Sicily in July 1943 and took it from the Axis powers.
July 1943: Main invasion forces of U.S. Seventh and British Eighth Armies, with
close support of Royal and U.S. Navies and Allied aircraft, land on the southeastern coast of Sicily on broad front from Licata to Syracuse 02:45 and 06:00.
July 1943: The Allied invasion of Sicily continues. British and American forces make contact at Ragusa. Canicatti, Modica, Palazzolo, Sortini, and Scicli are taken by Allied forces.
July 1943: By July 15th British and American forces continue to advance in Sicily and take Mazzarino and Niscemi, Butera, the Biscari Airfield, Grammichele and Caltagirone.
July 1943: Allied forces secure the Salso and Simeto rivers. The U.S. Seventh Army is directed to cut northern coastal road after capture of Petralia. U.S. forces reach a line across Sicily from Campofelice to Agrigento. American forces take Fiume dell Canno, Raffadali, San Cataldo, Caltanissetta. British forces approach Catania.
July 1943: Anglo-American forces take Corleone.
July 1943: The Allied invasion of Sicily continues toward the northern coast of the Island, taking Bompietro.
July 1943: The U.S. Seventh Army takes Palermo.
July 1943: American forces occupy the areas of Trapani and Marsala.
July 1943: Allied forces occupy Santo Stefano.
August 1943: The Allied forces continue to advance in Sicily, reaching Naso, Capo D'Orlando, and Bronte.
August 1943: Allied advance up to Brolo.
August 1943: The Allied forces continue to advance in Sicily, reaching Barcellona and Montalbano.
August 1943: The Allied forces continue to advance in Sicily, reaching Spadafora, Randazzo, Linguaglossa. British forces size Taormina.
August 1943: American forces enter Messina at 10:00, soon joined by British forces. The campaign is concluded and Sicily is occupied by Allied forces.
1.2.2.Italian Campaign (World War II)
Was the military operation of the Allies to free italy from the forces of Germany and its puppet state, the Italian Social Republic.
September 1943: With the Armistice of Cassabile, having the Kingdom of Italy switched side, the allied controlled territories in Italy are now considered Kingdom of Italy.
1.2.2.1.Allied Invasion of Southern italy
Was an Allied amphibious landing on the mainland of Italy, part of the Allied invasion of Italy.
September 1943: Allied forces land on Calabrian coast between Reggio and Villa S. Giovanni at 04:30. Against token resistance from Italians, Allied forces quickly seize Reggio Calabria.
September 1943: British forces mount Operation Slapstick, taking the port of Taranto.
September 1943: Allied armies reunited near Vallo della Lucania.
September 1943: In Apulia, the British paratroopers occupied the Gioia del Colle airport.
September 1943: Operation Avalanche was part of the Allied invasion of Italy during World War II. It began on September 9, 1943, with the landing at Salerno.
1.2.2.2.Free France conquest of Corsica
Was the liberation of Corsica from Axis forces.
September 1943: Sardinia surrenders without a shot to small Allied party. Axis forces had already retired to neighboring islands.
1.2.3.War in the German Operational Zones of northern Italy
Were the events in the operational zones created by Germany in northern Italy during World War II.
May 1945: New Zealand 2nd Division receives German surrender of Trieste.
May 1945: Anglo-American troops entered Trento, removing the Nazi-fascist authorities and placing the whole area under their own occupation.
January 1946: The provinces of Trento and Belluno were returned to the Italian government on New Year's Eve 1946.
1.3.End of World War II in Europe
Refers to the surrender of Axis forces and the end of World War II and to the territorial changes that were a direct consequence of World War II but happened after the traditional end of the War.
May 1945: On May 11, 1945, the German capitulation was also completed on Heligoland. British soldiers occupied the island.
May 1945: After the End of World War II the Western European countries of Germany are reverted to their pre-war borders.
May 1945: The entire territory of Germany is occupied by Allied forces.
June 1945: The Third Czechoslovak Republic came into being in April 1945.
1.3.1.The Surrender of German forces
Surrender of German forces at the end of World War II.
May 1945: German forces in North West Germany, Denmark, and the Netherlands surrender.
May 1945: German forces in Bavaria surrender.
1.3.2.Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state after World War II.
May 1945: In the immediate aftermath of World War II, Austria was divided into four occupation zones and jointly occupied by the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and France.
1.3.3.Allied occupation of Germany
The Allies occupied Germany, but the Western allies and Soviet Union formed separate governments covering specific parts of Germany (West Germany, as well as West Berlin, and East Germany).
August 1945: The Allies divided Germany into four occupation zones.
Disestablishment
January 1946: The provinces of Trento and Belluno were returned to the Italian government on New Year's Eve 1946.
Selected Sources
Battle of the Scheldt. Canadiansoldiers.com. Retrieved on 7 April 2024 on https://www.canadiansoldiers.com/history/campaigns/northwesteurope/scheldt.htm
Crossing Of The Rhine, 22-28 March 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope79.jpg
Encirclement Of The Ruhr, 29 March-4 April 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope80.jpg
Final Operations, 19 April-7 May 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope82.jpg
German Ardennes Counter-Offensive, 26 December 1944 16 January 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope73.jpg
Pursuit To The West Wall, 26 August-14 September 1944 United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope66.jpg
Reduction Of Ruhr Pocket And Advance To the Elbe And Middle Rivers, 5-18 April 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope81.jpg
Sullivan, G.R.: Ardennes-Alsace p.23. U.S. Army Center of Military Hisotry. Retrieved on 7 April 2024 on https://www.history.army.mil/brochures/ardennes/aral.htm
The Rhineland Campaign, Operations 8 February-5 March & Operations 6-10 March 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope76combined.jpg
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 323
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 400
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 450
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 528
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 530
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.117
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.118
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.119
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.120
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.121
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.122
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.126
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.127
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.128
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.131
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.132
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.136
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.308
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.382
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.424
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.425
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, pp. 123-124
Allies of World War II
