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Is the cluster of the United States.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
United Colonies
USA
Establishment
April 1775: The Battle of Lexington and Concord marked the beginning of the conflict between the United Colonies and British forces.
May 1775: Capture of Fort Ticonderoga.
May 1775: Battle of Crown Point.
May 1775: Battle of Chelsea Creek.
July 1775: Battle of Bunker Hill.
September 1775: Patriot militia seized Fort Johnson, the principal fortification overlooking the Charleston harbor.
September 1775: Continental Army troops led by Colonel Benedict Arnold sailed from Newburyport, Massachusetts to the mouth of the Kennebec River.
October 1775: American forces reached Norridgewock Falls, location of the last settlements on the Kennebec River.
October 1775: Two colonial battalions reached the Dead River.
October 1775: On October 18, Fort Chambly fell.
October 1775: The expedition of Colonel Benedict Arnold reached Lake Mégantic.
November 1775: Fort St. John is captured.
November 1775: General Richard Montgomery led his troops north and occupied Saint Paul's Island in the Saint Lawrence River.
November 1775: Montreal fell without any significant fighting.
December 1775: Battle of Quebec.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was the war of independence of the United States of America (at the time the Thirteen Colonies) against Great Britain.
July 1776: United States Declaration of Independence: the Thirteen Colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain regarded themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states, no longer under British rule.
1.1.Boston campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States Continetal Army mainly in the Province of Massachusetts Bay.
March 1776: Siege of Boston: British forces evacuate the town.
1.2.Invasion of Quebec (1775)
Was the unsuccesful invasion of the British Province of Quebec by the United States Continental Army.
May 1776: After a loose siege, the Americans withdrew from Quebec City.
June 1776: General William Thompson’s 2,000 Americans land near Trois-Rivières and advance inland.
July 1776: Retreat of the Continental army from Trois-Rivières.
October 1776: An American failed counter-attack on June 8 ended their operations in Quebec. However, British pursuit was blocked by American ships on Lake Champlain until they were cleared on October 11 at the Battle of Valcour Island. The American troops were forced to withdraw to Ticonderoga, ending the campaign.
1.2.1.Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec
Colonel Benedict Arnold led a force of 1,100 Continental Army troops on an expedition from Cambridge in the Province of Massachusetts Bay to the gates of Quebec City.
1.3.Southern theatre of the American Revolutionary War
Was the southern theater of war of the American Revolutionary War. It encompassed engagements primarily in Virginia, Georgia and South Carolina.
January 1776: Battle of Great Bridge.
December 1782: British evacuate Charleston, South Carolina.
1.3.1.Snow Campaign
Was a U.S. military campaign in Carolina during the American Revolutionary War.
November 1776: By November 27 a Colonial army led by Colonel Richardson reached the Congaree River.
December 1776: By December 2, 1776, General George Washington had reached the Dutch Fork region in South Carolina.
December 1776: The Patriot force occupied the North Carolina interior by December 23. The Patriot forces then made their way back toward the coast.
1.3.2.British invasion of Georgia
Was the British invasion and conquest of territories in Georgia during the American Revolutionary War.
December 1778: A British expeditionary corps of 3,500 men from New York, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Campbell, captured Savannah, Georgia.
January 1779: A British force under General Augustin Prevost captures Fort Morris. This victory places eastern Georgia completely under British control.
February 1779: British take control of Augusta.
June 1781: U.S. forces recovered Augusta by siege in 1781.
July 1782: Savannah remained in British hands until 11 July 1782.
1.3.3.British conquest of South Carolina
Was the British invasion and conquest of large territories in South Carolian during the American Revolutionary War.
May 1780: Charleston (South Carolina) surrenders to British Geneal Henry Clinton after a six-week siege.
May 1780: Battle of Waxhaws. The British crush the last organized resistance in South Carolina.
August 1780: British victory in the Battle of Camden.
February 1781: Battle of Cowan's Ford. British cavalry under Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton cross the Catawba River.
March 1781: Battle of Guilford Court House near Greensboro, North Carolina. British victory.
May 1781: Siege of Ninety-Six, South Carolina.
June 1781: British relief ends the Siege of Ninety-Six.
September 1781: Battle of Eutaw Springs (Eutawville, South Carolina).
1.3.4.Yorktown campaign
Was a series of military maneuvers and battles during the American Revolutionary War that culminated in the Siege of Yorktown in October 1781.
January 1781: The Raid on Richmond in 1780 was led by American cavalry officer Colonel Banastre Tarleton during the American Revolutionary War. The British forces successfully captured and plundered the capital of Virginia, Richmond, which was a significant blow to the American rebels.
February 1781: The Raid on Richmond in 1781 was led by British cavalry officer Banastre Tarleton during the American Revolutionary War. The raid resulted in the capture of Virginia Governor Thomas Jefferson and the burning of the city of Richmond. This event was part of the British strategy to weaken the American forces and gain control of the southern colonies.
April 1781: Battle of Blandford (modern-day Petersburg, Virginia).
July 1781: Battle of Green Spring (modern-day James City County, Virginia).
September 1781: Start of the American Siege of Yorktown.
1.4.New York and New Jersey campaign
Was a series of American Revolutionary War battles for control of the Port of New York and the state of New Jersey, fought between British forces under General Sir William Howe and the Continental Army under General George Washington.
August 1776: Battle of Long Island. British victory.
October 1776: Battle of Pell's Point. British victory.
October 1776: General William Howe and 13,500 British and Hessians square off against General George Washington and 14,500 Americans at White Plains, New York. British victory.
November 1776: Fort Washington, New York, is attacked by superior British forces.
December 1776: He sent General Lord Cornwallis to chase Washington's army through New Jersey. The Americans withdrew across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania in early December.
December 1776: British took took Newport, Rhode Island.
1.4.1.American Counterattack in New York and New Yersey (American Revolutionary War)
Was the U.S. counterattack to the British invasion of New York and New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War.
January 1776: General Howe withdrew most of his army from New Jersey, only leaving outposts at New Brunswick and Perth Amboy.
1.4.2.British Invasion of New York and New Jersey
Was the British invasion of New York and New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War.
August 1776: The British forces, led by General William Howe, landed on the shores of Gravesend Bay in southwest Kings County, across the Narrows from Staten Island in 1776. This marked the beginning of the British occupation of New York City during the American Revolutionary War.
1.5.Saratoga campaign
Was an attempt by the British high command for North America to gain military control of the strategically important Hudson River valley during the American Revolutionary War.
July 1777: The British win the battle of Skenesborough.
July 1777: Battle of Hubbardton.
July 1777: Battle of Fort Anne. The fort falls to the British.
September 1777: In 1777, American General Philip Schuyler led a campaign to reclaim Skenesboro (now Whitehall, New York) from the British during the American Revolutionary War. The British had abandoned the territory, allowing the Americans to take control.
September 1777: The British army had reached a position just north of Saratoga.
October 1777: British Lieutenant General John Burgoyne surrendered to the Americans.
December 1777: British troops withdrew from Ticonderoga and Crown Point.
December 1777: Lake Champlain was free of British troops by early December.
1.6.Philadelphia Campaign
Was a British effort in the American Revolutionary War to gain control of Philadelphia, which was then the seat of the Revolutionary-era Second Continental Congress.
August 1777: General Howe landed 15,000 troops in late August at the northern end of the Chesapeake Bay.
September 1777: Battle of Paoli.
September 1777: British occupation of Philadelphia.
October 1777: The British captured Fort Billingsport on the Delaware in New Jersey.
June 1778: British General Henry Clinton moved his troops from Philadelphia to New York in 1778 in order to increase that city's defenses against a possible Franco-American attack.
1.7.Western theatre of the American Revolutionary War
Was the western theater of war of the American Revolutionary War. It encompassed engagements primarily in the
Ohio Valley, Great Lakes region and Spanish Louisiana.
1.7.1.Illinois Campaign
Was a series of engagements during the American Revolutionary War in which a small force of Virginia militia led by George Rogers Clark seized control of several British posts in the Illinois Country of the Province of Quebec, located in modern-day Illinois and Indiana in the Midwestern United States.
July 1778: In late 1778, George Rogers Clark, a militia officer from Virginia, launched a campaign to take over the Illinois country, where the British had few garrisons. With a company of volunteers, Clark captured Kaskaskia.
January 1779: U.S. troops capture Vincennes at the end of 1778.
January 1779: The combined British/Indian column of Lieutenant Colonel Henry Hamilton recaptures the distant settlement of Vincennes (Indiana) from Captain Leonard Helm.
February 1779: Clark marches on Vincennes in a surprise winter march and captures British Lieutenant Hamilton.
1.8.Northern theatre of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga
Was the northern theater of war of the American Revolutionary War after the British Saratoga campaign. It encompassed engagements in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New England.
June 1779: In May 1779 British General Clinton captured the outpost at Stony Point, New York.
June 1780: The Battle of Connecticut Farms, fought June 7, 1780, was one of the last major battles between British and American forces in the northern colonies during the American Revolutionary War.
June 1780: The Battle of Springfield was fought during the American Revolutionary War on June 23, 1780, in Union County, New Jersey.
July 1780: The Battle of Connecticut Farms, fought June 7, 1780, was one of the last major battles between British and American forces in the northern colonies during the American Revolutionary War.
July 1780: The Battle of Springfield was fought during the American Revolutionary War on June 23, 1780, in Union County, New Jersey.
1.8.1.Treaty of Paris (1783)
Was the treaty that officially ended the American Revolutionary War between the United States and Great Britain as well as various other related wars. The treaty set the boundaries between British North America and the United States.
Were fought by European governments and colonists in North America, and later by the United States and Canadian governments and American and Canadian settlers, against various American Indian and First Nation tribes.
2.1.Cherokee-American wars
Were a series of skirmishes between the Cherokee and the American settlers on the frontier.
January 1791: Treaty of New York of August 1790 with the United States government signed by the "Upper, Middle, and Lower Creek and Seminole composing the Creek nation of Indians". They Ceded the Oconee Country.
February 1792: The Treaty of Holston (or Treaty of the Holston) was a treaty between the United States government and the Cherokee signed on July 2, 1791, and proclaimed on February 7, 1792. It was negotiated and signed by William Blount, governor of the Southwest Territory and superintendent of Indian affairs for the southern district for the United States, and various representatives of the Cherokee peoples, most notably John Watts. The treaty established terms of relations between the United States and the Cherokee, and established that the Cherokee tribes were to fall under the protection of the United States
October 1794: Georgia officials signed a new treaty with a few compliant Lower Muscogee micos (headmen) in which the latter ceded the land between the Altamaha and St. Mary's Rivers, and from the head of the latter to the Oconee River. They called this wide stretch of land the Tallassee Country,
2.2.Northwest Indian War
Was an armed conflict for control of the Northwest Territory fought between the United States and a united group of Native American nations known today as the Northwestern Confederacy.
2.2.1.Jay Treaty
Was a 1794 treaty between the United States and Great Britain that averted war and resolved issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783. Among other things, the British agreed to peacefully vacate the forts it still controlled in the United States.
September 1783: Fort Ontario was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Oswegatchie was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort au Fer was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Miami was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Lernoult and Fort Detroit were forts that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Mackinac was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort au Fer. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Lernoult (including Fort Detroit). With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Mackinac. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Oswegatchie. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Niagara. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Ontario. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Dutchman's Point. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Miami. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
2.3.Seminole Wars
Were a series of three military conflicts between the United States and the Seminoles that took place in Florida between about 1816 and 1858.
2.3.1.First Seminole War
Was the first of a series of three conflicts between the Seminoles and the United States that took place in Florida.
2.3.1.1.Jackson invades Florida
Was a U.S. military campaign during the First Seminole War.
March 1818: US General Andrew Jackson's army entered Florida, marching down the banks of the Apalachicola River. When they reached the site of the Negro Fort, Jackson had his men construct a new fort, Fort Gadsden.
March 1818: The Indian town of Anhaica (today's Tallahassee) was burned by U.S. troops.
April 1818: The town of Miccosukee was taken by the U.S. Army.
April 1818: U.S. forces take Fort St. Marks (San Marcos).
May 1818: American forces under General Andrew Jackson seize the Spanishheld town of Pensacola, effectively ending the First Seminole War.
Were two border disputes that involved Spain and the United States in relation to the region known as West Florida.
3.1.First West Florida Controversy
The dispute over West Florida between Spain and the United States was finally resolved with Pinckney's Treaty in 1795, in which both parties agreed on the 31st parallel as the boundary between the United States and West Florida.
October 1795: With Pinckney's Treaty in 1795, Spain and the United States agreed on the 31st parallel as the boundary between the United States and West Florida.
3.2.Second West Florida Controversy
The United States occupied West Florida, a disputed territory, taking advantage of the Peninsular War that Spain was fighting against Napoleonic forces.
December 1810: On October 27, the United States president proclaimed that the territory should be annexed, and Spain, then embroiled in the Peninsular War with France, could do little to resist. On December 10, the United States military completed the forcible occupation and acquiescence of the Republic of West Florida.
February 1821: The Adams-Onís Treaty was negotiated between Secretary of State John Quincy Adams and Spanish minister Luis de Onís. The treaty resulted in the transfer of East and West Florida to the United States in 1821 in exchange for the US dropping claims of spoliation against Spain.
were a series of two wars fought by the United States, Sweden, and the Kingdom of Sicily against the Barbary states (including Tunis, Algiers, and Tripoli) of North Africa in the early 19th century. The wars were largely a reaction to piracy carried out by the Barbary states.
4.1.First Barbary War
Was a conflict in which the United States and Sweden fought against Tripolitania after the latter had requested a tributary payment in exchange for a cessation of Tripolitatian commerce raiding at sea.
May 1805: The Americans capture the city of Derna in May 1805.
June 1805: A peace agreement is reached between the United State and the "Barbary state" of Tripoli. End of the First Barbary War.
Was a war between the United States of America and Great Britain. Tensions originated in long-standing differences over territorial expansion in North America and British support for Native American tribes who opposed U.S. colonial settlement in the Northwest Territory.
5.1.Great Lakes and Western Territories Theatre
Was the theatre od war in the Great Lakes and Western territories of the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom.
July 1812: An American army commanded by William Hull invaded Upper Canada on July 12, arriving occupying Sandwich (Ontario) after crossing the Detroit River.
July 1812: The British conquered the strategically important border fortress of Fort Mackinac in a coup on July 17, 1812.
August 1812: General William Hull leaves Canada feeling threatened by the approach of British reinforcements
August 1812: The American garrison in Detroit surrenders to British forces.
August 1812: force of 400 Potawatomie massacre the small American garrison of Captain Nathan Heald at Fort Dearborn (Chicago), Illinois Territory, after the Americans were ordered to evacuate that post by General William Hull.
May 1813: An American amphibious force assaulted Fort George on the northern end of the Niagara River on May 27 and captured it without serious losses.
May 1813: The British abandoned Fort Erie fearing the approaching American army.
June 1813: United States troops held Fort Erie until 9 June 1813.
June 1813: An American force surrendered on June 24 to a smaller British force due to advance warning by Laura Secord at the Battle of Beaver Dams, marking the end of the American offensive into Upper Canada.
October 1813: The Battle of the Thames took place in Upper Canada, near Chatham. The British lost control of Southwestern Ontario as a result of the battle.
October 1813: American attempts to regain Detroit were continually thwarted by poor communications and the difficulties of maintaining militia contingents in the field, until the Americans won a naval victory at the Battle of Lake Erie on 10 September 1813. This isolated the British at Amherstburg and Detroit from their supplies and forced them to retreat. Hull's successor Major General William Henry Harrison pursued the retreating British and their Indian allies and defeated them at the Battle of the Thames, where Tecumseh was killed.
November 1813: Late in 1813, the Americans abandoned the Canadian territory that they occupied around Fort George.
November 1813: The Americans arrived near Morrisburg, Ontario..
November 1813: Battle of Crysler's Farm. The Americans are repulsed by the British.
December 1813: British Capture of Fort Niagara.
July 1814: During the War of 1812, British Admiral Sir Thomas Hardy led the invasion of the northern part of Massachusetts (Maine) on July 11, 1814. As a result, Fort Sullivan at Eastport fell under British control, marking a significant military occupation by Great Britain in the region.
July 1814: The Siege of Prairie du Chien ended in a British victory on July 20, 1814.
August 1814: During the War of 1812, British forces under the command of Sir John Coape Sherbrooke captured Castine, Hampden, Bangor, and Machias in Maine as part of a military occupation in 1814.
August 1814: British occupation of Washington D.C.
August 1814: The British occupation of Washington lasted only about one day.
September 1814: The "Battle for Baltimore" began with the British landing at North Point.
September 1814: Battle of Baltimore.
January 1815: The Americans retained the captured post at Fort Malden near Amherstburg until the British complied with the treaty that ended the War of 1812.
5.2.Southern theatre (War of 1812)
Was the southern theatre of the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom.
April 1813: The Mississippi Territory annexed the Mobile area, formerly part of West Florida, from the Spanish in March 1813.
November 1814: General Andrew Jackson attacks and captures Pensacola, Florida, from Spanish forces.
January 1815: British conquest of Fort Point Peter.
February 1815: British capture of St. Simons Island.
February 1815: The British took Cumberland Island, located off the coast of Georgia.
February 1815: In January 1815, British Admiral Cockburn succeeded in blockading the southeastern U.S. coast by occupying Camden County, Georgia.
February 1815: Second Battle of Fort Bawyer.
February 1815: HMS Brazen brought news of the Treaty of Ghent, and the British abandoned the Gulf Coast.
March 1815: In March, after being informed of the Treaty of Ghent that had ended the War of 1812, British ships finally left the southern United States.
5.3.Nuku Hiva Campaign
Was an armed conflict between the United States and the Polynesian inhabitants of Nuku Hiva during the War of 1812.
May 1814: In 1814, during the War of 1812, the British forces under the command of Captain Hillyar evacuated Madisonville, a settlement on the island of Nuku Hiva in the Marquesas Islands. The territory was left without a governing entity after the departure of the British forces.
5.4.Treaty of Ghent
Was the treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom.
December 1814: Treaty of Ghent: The treaty ended the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain (and Spain). All captured territories were restored.
December 1814: Treaty of Ghent: The treaty ended the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain. All captured territories were restored.
Were a series of secessions and revolts against the centralist government of Mexico in the period 1835-1846.
6.1.Mexican-American War
Was a war between the United States of America and Mexico caused by the U.S. annexion of Texas, a country that had seceded from Mexico, and by the American aim to annex California and Oregon.
6.1.1.Texas Campaign (Mexican-American War)
Was a battle that opened Mexican-American War in 1846 between the military forces of the United States and Mexico twenty miles west upriver from Zachary Taylor's camp along the Rio Grande.
April 1846: Battle at Rancho Carricitos between the military forces of the United States and Mexico twenty miles west upriver from Zachary Taylor's camp along the Rio Grande. The Mexican force defeated the Americans in the opening of hostilities of the Mexican-American War.
May 1846: After the Battle of Resaca de la Palma the mexicans left Texas.
6.1.2.Conquest of California
Was a revolt against Mexican authority in California, followed shortly after by an invasion by the United States.
July 1846: U.S. Landing at Monterey where the Americans claim California.
July 1846: Three weeks later, on July 5, 1846, the Republic's military of 100 to 200 men was subsumed into the California Battalion commanded by Brevet Captain John C. Frémont. The Bear Flag Revolt and whatever remained of the "California Republic" ceased to exist on July 9 when U.S. Navy Lieutenant Joseph Revere raised the United States flag in front of the Sonoma Barracks and sent a second flag to be raised at Sutter's Fort.
July 1846: The American flag flew above Sutter's Fort and Bodega Bay.
July 1846: U.S. major John C. Frémont raised the U.S. flag over San Juan Bautista.
July 1846: A garrison of Stockton's men raised the U.S. flag at Santa Barbara.
July 1846: Battalion landed and raised the U.S. flag in San Diego.
August 1846: Commodore Robert F. Stockton entered Los Angeles.
October 1846: Fifty of Flores' men took San Diego when the small American garrison of less than 20 men retreated. At Santa Barbara, the 10-man U.S. garrison also surrendered the town and escaped under pressure.
November 1846: In 1846, General Stephen W. Kearny led a 100-man force during the Mexican-American War. Los Angeles had been taken by Californios led by General José María Flores, a Mexican military officer. Kearny's force learned this information from Mexican herders in the area.
December 1846: American General Stephen Watts Kearny's army approached San Pascual.
December 1846: In 1846, a group of Californians led by William B. Ide seized Lt. Washington Bartlett, who was the acting alcalde of Yerba Buena (now San Francisco). This event was part of the Bear Flag Revolt, a movement to establish an independent California Republic during the Mexican-American War.
December 1846: In 1846, American explorer and military officer John C. Frémont reached Santa Barbara during the Mexican-American War. He raised the American flag after the territory was taken over by the United States.
January 1847: At Yerba Buena, the Mexican surrendered to American forces.
January 1847: U.S. major John C. Frémont arrived at San Fernando.
January 1847: Brigadier General Stephen Watts Kearny occupies Los Angeles, ending active resistance to American rule.
January 1847: At a deserted rancho at the north end of Cahuenga Pass, the Treaty of Cahuenga was signed. This unofficial truce, which did not have the backing of the American government and had nothing to do with the Mexican government, was honored by both the Americans and Californios. Fighting ceased, and the United States acquired "Alta California".
6.1.3.New Mexico campaign (Mexican-American War)
Was the U.S. occupation of New Mexico during the Mexican-American War.
August 1846: In 1846, General Stephen W. Kearny led the United States Army into Santa Fe, where he claimed the New Mexico Territory for the United States.
December 1846: The Capture of Tucson in 1846 was led by American military officer Captain Philip St. George Cooke.
December 1846: American forces under Colonel Alexander W. Doniphan occupy the town of El Paso, Texas.
6.1.3.1.Taos Revolt
Was a popular insurrection in January 1847 by Hispano and Puebloan allies against the United States' occupation of present-day northern New Mexico during the Mexican-American War.
February 1847: In 1847, General Sterling Price led American forces through Don Fernando de Taos, where they encountered strong resistance from Mexican rebels who had fortified Pueblo de Taos.
February 1847: The Siege of Pueblo de Taos in 1847 was the final battle of the Taos Revolt, a popular insurrection against the United States' occupation of New Mexico during the Mexican-American War. The revolt was led by Mexican and Pueblo leaders, including Pablo Montoya and Tomas Romero.
October 1847: American capture of Guaymas, Sonora, on October 19, 1847.
6.1.4.Northeastern Mexico
Was the invasion of northeastern Mexico by the United States of America during the Mexican-American War.
September 1846: Battle of Monterrey.
February 1847: Battle of Buena Vista.
6.1.5.Pacific Coast campaign
Was the invasion of the Pacific coast of Mexico by the United States of America during the Mexican-American War.
March 1847: In 1847, Commodore John D. Sloat ordered Captain John B. Montgomery to seize San Jose del Cabo and San Lucas in Baja California. This was part of the broader US military occupation of California during the Mexican-American War.
April 1847: American seize La Paz.
November 1847: American Bluejackets and marines landed to occupy Mazatlán, Sinaloa.
January 1848: A landing party from the bark USS Whiton"' under Lieutenant Frederick Chatard, captured the coastal fort of San Blas.
6.1.6.Northwestern Mexico
Was the invasion of northwestern Mexico by the United States of America during the Mexican-American War.
March 1847: U.S. coloenel Doniphan occupied Chihuahua City.
6.1.7.Scott's invasion of Mexico's heartland
Was the invasion of central Mexico by the United States during the Mexican-American War that culminated with the occupation of Mexico City.
March 1847: Siege of Veracruz.
April 1847: U.S. General William J. Worth's division captured San Carlos Fortress in 1847.
May 1847: American General Winfield Scott occupied Puebla on May 15, 1847.
September 1847: Battle of Chapultepec.
September 1847: U.S. Major General Winfield Scott defeats the Mexicans and captures Mexico City in the Battle for Mexico City.
6.1.8.Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Was a peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). It gave the United States the Rio Grande as a boundary for Texas, and gave the U.S. ownership of California and a large area comprising roughly half of New Mexico, most of Arizona, Nevada, and Utah and Colorado.
May 1848: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican-American War. The ratifications were exchanged on May 30, and the treaty was proclaimed on July 4, 1848. t gave the United States the Rio Grande as a boundary for Texas, and gave the U.S. ownership of California and a large area comprising roughly half of New Mexico, most of Arizona, Nevada, and Utah and Colorado.
A period (1839-1949) of foregin interventions in China resulting in the occupation, conquest or lease of large territories by foregin countries.
7.1.Opium Wars
Were two wars between Qing China and the Western powers. The first war was caused by the Chinese prohibition against opium trafficking by British merchants, and the conflicts took their name from this fact.
7.1.1.Second Opium War
Was a war that saw the Qing Dynasty fighting against the French and British Empires.
November 1856: In Canton, China, a force of 287 sailors and marines under Commander Andrew H. Foote attacks and captures the barrier forts
7.1.1.1.Four Treaties of Tientsin
In June 1858, the first part of the Second Opium War was ended with the four Treaties of Tientsin, which opened several Chinese ports to foreign trade.
July 1858: In June 1858, the first part of the Second Opium War ended with the four Treaties of Tientsin. The European powers and the U.S. evacuated most of the territories they had occupied in China.
7.2.Concessions in China
During the XIX and XX century China was forced into treaties with foreign powers that established concessions (factually enclaves) in its territory.
September 1854: The American Concession in Shanghai is formally delineated.
September 1863: The Shanghai International Settlement is created by the amalgamation of American and British concessions.
Was an armed confrontation between Mormon settlers in the Utah Territory and the armed forces of the US government.
November 1857: In 1857, Col. Albert Sidney Johnston replaced Col. Alexander as commander at Fort Bridger. Johnston ordered the regiment to stay at Fort Bridger for the winter and postpone the move to Salt Lake City until the following spring.
June 1858: At the end of June 1858, U.S. Army troops under General Johnston entered the Salt Lake Valley unhindered.
August 1858: Brigham Young, a prominent leader in the Mormon Church, was replaced as Governor of Utah Territory in 1858. This marked the end of the theocratic rule in the territory, where the church held significant political power.
Was a civil war in the United States of America between the central government (Unionists) and the secessionist Confederate States of America that occupied the southern States. The main cause of the war was the different economic system of the northern and southern states: the northern states were industrialized and had abolished slavery, whereas the southern states relied on slavery to run its plantation agriculture based economy. At the end of the war the Union occupied the southern states and slavery was abolished. .
January 1862: Area under Union control by the end of 1861.
July 1862: Arizona was occupied by Union forces led by General James H. Carleton. The territory was officially transferred to the New Mexico Territory.
January 1863: Area under Union control by the end of 1862.
January 1864: Area under Union control by the end of 1863.
January 1865: Area under Union control by the end of 1864.
9.1.Secession Phase
The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 caused a wave of southern states secessions in the United States. The secessionist states soon formed an independent country, the Confederate States of America.
December 1860: Within three months of Abraham Lincoln's election in November 1860, six Southern states withdrew from the Union.
January 1861: Within three months of Abraham Lincoln's election in November 1860, six Southern states withdrew from the Union.
February 1861: Texas left the confederation in February.
April 1861: Virginia seceded from the United States.
May 1861: Arkansas seceded from the United States.
May 1861: North Carolina seceded from the United States.
June 1861: The State of Scott was a Southern Unionist movement in Scott County, Tennessee, in which the county declared itself a "Free and Independent State" following Tennessee's decision to secede from the United States and align the state with the Confederacy on the eve of the American Civil War in 1861. Like much of East Tennessee, Scott became an enclave community of the Union during the war. Although its edict had never been officially recognized, the county did not officially rescind its act of secession until 1986.
June 1861: Tennessee voted to secede from the Union.
9.2.Trans-Mississippi Theatre
Was the theatre of war west of the Mississippi River during the American Civil War.
July 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Camden Point. Union victory.
July 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Fort Smith. Union victory. Federal troops maintain control of western Arkansas
August 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Camden Point.
August 1864: Confederate retreat after the Battle of Fort Smith.
May 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Palmito Ranch.
May 1865: After the end of the Civil War in 1865, the Battle of Palmito Ranch took place in Texas, where Confederate forces under Colonel John Salmon Ford clashed with Union troops. Despite the Confederates winning the battle, Palmito Ranch was reintegrated into the United States.
June 1865: At Fort Towson in Choctaw lands, General Stand Watie officially became the last Confederate general to surrender on June 25, 1865.
9.2.1.Missouri Front (American Civil War)
Were a series of battles between the Missouri State Guard and the Union during the American Civil War.
May 1861: The Missouri State Guard (MSG) was a military force established by the Missouri General Assembly on May 11, 1861.
July 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Carthage.
August 1861: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Carthage.
August 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Wilson's Creek or Oak Hills.
September 1861: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Wilson's Creek or Oak Hills.
September 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Lexington. Union forces badly defeated by Missouri State Guard.
October 1861: Union troop retreat after the First Battle of Lexington.
October 1861: Battle of Fredericktown: Union victory.
October 1861: First Battle of Springfield. Union forces capture town.
December 1861: Skirmish at Blackwater Creek. Union forces under General Pope capture a newly recruited Missouri State Guard regiment.
December 1861: Battle of Mount Zion Church: The resulting Union victory here and elsewhere in central Missouri ended Confederate recruiting activities in the region and pushed conventional Confederate forces out of the area.
9.2.2.Confederate Arizona
Was the conquest of Arizona by the Confederate Army during the American Civil War.
July 1861: First Battle of Mesilla. Confederate victory secures the southern part of the New Mexico Territory for the CSA.
July 1861: Confederate forces from Texas advance into New Mexico. Federal forces abandon Fort Fillmore.
August 1861: Arizona was officially proclaimed a territory on August 1, 1861, following the Confederate victory at the Battle of Mesilla.
9.2.3.New Mexico campaign (American Civil War)
Was the military invasion of New Mexico by Confederate Brigadier General Henry Hopkins Sibley during the American Civil War.
March 1862: The Confederate forces reached Albuquerque.
March 1862: Confederate forces captured Santa Fe on March 13, 1862.
March 1862: Battle of Glorieta Pass. Tactical retreat of Union forces.
April 1862: Battle of Peralta. Union forces defeat the 5th Texas Mounted Volunteers.
9.2.4.Pea Ridge Campaign
Was a battle near Leetown, northeast of Fayetteville, Arkansas during the American Civil War. By defeating the Confederates, the Union forces established Federal control of most of Missouri and northern Arkansas.
March 1862: Battle of Pea Ridge or Elkhorn Tavern: By defeating the Confederates, the Union forces established Federal control of most of Missouri and northern Arkansas.
9.2.5.California Column
Was a military campaign of Union forces started from California to fight against the Confederates in Arizona.
March 1862: The California Column arrives at Stanwix Station.
May 1862: The California Column captures Tucson (1862).
August 1862: The California Column captures Franklin (modern-day El Paso, Texas).
9.2.6.Operations Near Cache River (Arkansas)
Were a series of military operation part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
July 1862: Battle of Cotton Plant. Union victory.
9.2.7.Operations to Blockade the Texas Coast
Were a series of military operations part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
September 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Sabine Pass.
January 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Galveston. Confederate victory.
September 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Sabine Pass. Confederate victory.
October 1863: Union troop retreat after being defeated in the Second Battle of Sabine Pass.
9.2.8.Operations North of Boston Mountains
Were a series of military operations part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
October 1862: Battle of Old Fort Wayne. Confederate forces go into Full retreat under Douglas H. Cooper, with the Union gaining control of the Indian territory.
November 1862: Battle of Clark's Mill. Union force surrenders to larger Confederate force.
November 1862: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Old Fort Wayne.
9.2.9.Vicksburg Campaign
Was a military campaign by the Union to conquer Vicksburg, Mississippi, during the American Civil War.
December 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou. Confederate General John C. Pemberton defeats William Tecumseh Sherman.
January 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou.
May 1863: Battle of Snyder's Bluff. Union feint during Vicksburg Campaign.
May 1863: Battle of Port Gibson. General Grant defeats the Confederates.
May 1863: Battle of Raymond. Failed Confederate attempt to protect Vicksburg from approaching Federals.
May 1863: Battle of Jackson, Mississippi. Union victory.
May 1863: Battle of Champion Hill. Union General Grant defeats Pemberton.
June 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Snyder's Bluff.
June 1863: Battle of Milliken's Bend. In the largest battle fought between Confederate and Black troops, after nearly two days of close combat, the Confederates were defeated in their attempt to raise the siege of Vicksburg.
June 1863: Battle of Lake Providence. Confederates withdraw to Floyd, Louisiana.
July 1863: Siege of Vicksburg: the entire Mississippi area controlled by the union. It cut off the Trans-Mississippi Department (containing the states of Arkansas, Texas and part of Louisiana) from the rest of the Confederate States, effectively splitting the Confederacy in two.
9.2.10.Marmaduke's First Expedition into Missouri
Was a Confederate military campaign in Missouri during the American Civil War.
January 1863: Second Battle of Springfield. Confederates enter town, but are unable to take nearby fort.
February 1863: The Confederates retreated after the Second Battle of Springfield.
9.2.11.Marmaduke's Second Expedition into Missouri
Was a Confederate military campaign in Missouri during the American Civil War.
May 1863: Battle of Chalk Bluff. Confederate victory.
May 1863: Marmaduke suffered considerable casualties and his momentum had been checked, forcing him to abandon his second expedition into Missouri.
9.2.12.Taylor's operations in West Louisiana
Was a Confederate military campaign in western Louisiana during the American Civil War.
June 1863: Battle of LaFourche Crossing. Confederates disengage, and fled to Thibodaux.
June 1863: The Confederate States of America captured Brashear City.
June 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Donaldsonville. Confederate forces failed to take Fort Butler.
July 1863: Battle of Kock's Plantation. Union troops retreat to Fort Butler in Donaldsonville, seized during the Second Battle of Donaldsonville.
July 1863: Confederate troop retreat after the Second Battle of Donaldsonville.
9.2.13.Operations to Control Indian Territory
Were a series of military operations part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
July 1863: Battle of Honey Springs. In Indian Territory, two largely Black and American Indian forces meet. Union victory.
February 1864: Battle of Middle Boggy Depot. Union troops massacred Confederate forces as the Confederates burned their encampments.
February 1864: The Confederates retreated 72 km southwest down the Dragoon Trail. The Union advance continued south toward Ft. Washita the next day, but when the expected reinforcements did not arrive Philips' Expedition into Indian Territory stalled on February 15, near old Stonewall.
9.2.14.Quantrill's Raid into Kansas
Was a Confederate raid in Kansas during the American Civil War.
August 1863: Lawrence Massacre.
August 1863: On August 25th, four days after the raid on the city, General Ewing issued his General Order No. 11, in which he ordered the forced evacuation of four Missouri counties along the Kansas border.
9.2.15.Little Rock Campaign
Was a military campaign by the Union to conquer Little Rock, Arkansas, during the American Civil War.
August 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Bayou Meto (Battle of Reed's Bridge). Confederate forces delay the Union advance on Little Rock.
September 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Bayou Meto (Battle of Reed's Bridge).
9.2.16.Red River Campaign
Was a major Union offensive campaign in the Trans-Mississippi theater of the American Civil War.
March 1864: Battle of Fort De Russy. Fort DeRussy fell to the Union and the Red River to Alexandria was open.
April 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Mansfield or Sabine Cross Roads. Banks Union Red River Campaign halted by the Confederates.
April 1864: Battle of Pleasant Hill. Confederate attack fails.
April 1864: Battle of Monett's Ferry. Confederate forces driven back.
May 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Mansfield or Sabine Cross Roads.
May 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Pleasant Hill.
9.2.17.Camden Expedition
Was the final campaign conducted by the Union Army in Arkansas during the Civil War.
April 1864: Battle of Elkin's Ferry. Confederates unable to prevent Union river crossing.
April 1864: Battle of Prairie D'Ane. Union Major General Frederick Steele defeats Sterling Price.
9.2.18.Price's Missouri Expedition
Was a Confederate raid in Arkansas, Missouri, and Kansas during the American Civil War.
September 1864: Battle of Fort Davidson (Battle of Pilot Knob). Union forces detonate their own fort after losing to Confederates.
October 1864: Battle of Glasgow. Union forces surrender.
October 1864: Second Battle of Lexington. Union forces driven out of town.
October 1864: Battle of Little Blue River. Confederate victory.
October 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Independence.
October 1864: Battle of Westport. Union forces win decisive battle to take control of Missouri.
October 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Byram's Ford.
October 1864: Second Battle of Newtonia. Union Major General James G. Blunt defeats Joseph O. Shelby.
9.3.Eastern Theatre (American Civil War)
The eastern theater of the American Civil War consisted of the major military and naval operations in the states of Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, the District of Columbia, and the coastal fortifications and seaports of North Carolina.
July 1861: Battle of Hoke's Run. Robert Patterson defeats Jackson's Confederates but fails to capitalize on his victory.
October 1861: Battle of Cockle Creek. Union victory.
December 1861: In 1861, during the American Civil War, General John E. Wool led 4,000 Federal troops to secure the Eastern Shore of Virginia for the Union. This strategic move helped solidify Union control over the region and prevent Confederate forces from gaining a foothold.
December 1861: Battle of Dranesville. Union defeats Confederate forces under J.E.B. Stuart.
February 1862: Battle of Elizabeth City. Union victory.
February 1862: The town of Edenton in the proximity of Elizabet City (North Carolina) was taken by Union troops without bloodshed.
March 1862: Union general Nathaniel P. Banks occupied Winchester just after Confederate general Stonewall Jackson had withdrawn from the town.
March 1862: Battle of New Bern. Union troops disembark from ships and capture the town.
April 1862: Battle of Fort Macon. Confederate fort surrenders after Union artillery bombardment.
May 1862: Battle of Princeton Court House. Witthdrawal of Union General Jacob Dolson Cox.
June 1862: Although the city of Norfolk was not under attack, it was isolated and increasingly worthless to the Confederate Army. In May, the city was abandoned.
June 1862: Battle of Tranter's Creek. Confederate forces retreat after Colonel Singletary is killed.
June 1862: After suffering a defeat at the Battle of Bull Run in 1862, Union forces under the command of General Irvin McDowell did not pursue the Confederate Army and instead retreated back to their fortifications in Washington.
June 1862: Battle of Gaines' Mill or Chickahominy River. Confederate General Robert E. Lee defeats Union General George B. McClellan.
September 1862: Battle of Charleston. Confederate troops occupy Charleston during Kanawha Valley offensive.
March 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Kelly's Ford.
May 1863: Second Battle of Fredericksburg. Union forces under John Sedgwick defeat Confederate forces left to guard the town by Lee.
May 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Suffolk (Hill's Point). Inconclusive.
May 1863: Battle of Salem Church. Confederate General Lee defeats Sedgwick.
June 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Suffolk (Hill's Point).
July 1863: Battle of Manassas Gap. Indecisive battle by day, Confederates withdraw by night.
August 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Manassas Gap.
October 1863: First Battle of Auburn. Inconclusive.
October 1863: Battle of Bristoe Station. Meade defeats elements of Lee's forces, but Confederates destroy railroad during retreat.
October 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Auburn. Confederates attack Union rearguard, indecisive.
October 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Buckland Mills. Union cavalry caught in ambush, defeated.
November 1863: Second Battle of Rappahannock Station. Union forces surge across river, forcing Lee to retreat.
November 1863: Union troop retreat after the First Battle of Auburn.
November 1863: Union troop retreat after the Second Battle of Auburn.
November 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Buckland Mills.
December 1863: Battle of Mine Run. Meade bombards Lee's Confederates.
January 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Mine Run.
March 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Walkerton. Confederate victory.
April 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Walkerton.
April 1864: Battle of Plymouth. Confederate land forces, supported by naval ram, retake two Union forts near Plymouth, North Carolina.
August 1864: Battle of Smithfield Crossing. Confederate forces routed a small Union detachment, but a Union counterattacked stopped the Confederates; ultimately ending the last engagement in West Virginia of the Civil War.
September 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Smithfield Crossing.
October 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Saltville. Confederates defeat Union Black Cavalry, war crimes committed against captured blacks.
October 1864: Battle of Boydton Plank Road. Union forces take control of road.
November 1864: Union troop retreat after the First Battle of Saltville.
December 1864: Battle of Marion. Union victory.
9.3.1.Western Virginia Campaign
Was a military campaign of Union in the western part of Virginia. The region was conquered and later became the state of West Virginia.
June 1861: Battle of Philippi (West Virginia). Union forces rout a small Confederate detachment in Western Virginia.
July 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Rich Mountain.
July 1861: Battle of Corrick's Ford: Control of western Virginia was now firmly in Union hands and it stayed that way for the rest of the war.
August 1861: Battle of Kessler's Cross Lanes. Confederates under John B. Floyd surprise and defeat Union forces under Erastus B. Tyler.
September 1861: Battle of Carnifex Ferry. Union victory. Confederates withdraw by night after several hours of fighting.
October 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Greenbrier River. Confederates withdraw after inconclusive battle.
9.3.2.North Carolina coast
Were a series of military operations by the Union in North Carolina during the American Civil War.
August 1861: Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries: Two forts on the Outer Banks (Fort Clark and Fort Hatteras) had been built by the Confederates. The Union retained both forts.
February 1862: Battle of Roanoke Island. Union forces under Ambrose E. Burnside capture island from Henry A. Wise
January 1865: Second Battle of Fort Fisher. Union takes fort.
February 1865: Battle of Wilmington (North Carolina). Last Confederate port falls.
9.3.3.Romney Expedition
Was a Confederate raid in Virginia during the American Civil War.
January 1862: Battle of Hancock. Unsuccessful Confederate attack on Maryland town.
February 1862: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Hancock.
9.3.4.Peninsula campaign
Was a major Union operation launched in southeastern Virginia from March to July 1862 during the American Civil War.
March 1862: Union General George B. McClellan landed his army at Fort Monroe.
April 1862: The IV Corps of Brig. Gen. Erasmus D. Keyes made initial contact with Confederate defensive works at Lee's Mill, an area McClellan expected to move through without resistance.
May 1862: General George B. McClellan’s Army of the Potomac occupies the Yorktown-Warwick River line recently abandoned by Confederate forces.
May 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Williamsburg.
May 1862: Battle of Seven Pines: the union army reached the outskirts of Richmond.
July 1862: After suffering heavy casualties at the Battle of Malvern Hill, General George McClellan ordered the Army of the Potomac to retreat to Harrison's Landing on the James River in Virginia in 1862 during the American Civil War. This move was seen as necessary to regroup and resupply the Union forces.
August 1862: General George B. McClellan received the order to retreat from the Virginia Peninsula in 1862 during the American Civil War.
9.3.5.Jackson's Valley campaign
Was a Confederate campaign through the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia during the American Civil War.
March 1862: First Battle of Kernstown. Union forces defeat Confederates under "Stonewall" Jackson.
May 1862: First Battle of Winchester: Jackson enveloped the right flank of the Union Army under Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks and pursued it as it fled across the Potomac River into Maryland.
9.3.6.Northern Virginia Campaign
Was a series of battles fought in Virginia during August and September 1862 in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.
August 1862: General Stonewall Jackson remained in position until August 12, 1862, when he withdrew to Gordonsville during the American Civil War. This retreat was part of his strategic movements in Virginia against the Union forces.
August 1862: In 1862, during the American Civil War, Union General John Pope withdrew his forces to the Rappahannock River, thwarting Confederate General Robert E. Lee's plans for an offensive. This strategic move led to the Second Battle of Bull Run.
9.3.7.Invasion of Maryland
Was a Confederate campaign in Maryland during the American Civil War.
September 1862: Frederick conquered by Confederate States of America.
September 1862: Battle of Harpers Ferry. Stonewall Jackson captures Union garrison under Dixon S. Miles
September 1862: On September 4 Confederate General Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia
had begun an invasion of the North. Lee hoped to cut key rail lines west and isolate Washington, with Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, as his probable objective. By September 16th Lee's army took position in Sharpsburg, Maryland.
September 1862: Battle of Antietam or Sharpsburg. Union General McClellan ends Lee's first invasion of North, bloodiest single day of the war.
September 1862: Battle of Shepherdstown. Confederate victory.
April 1863: The Chancellorsville Campaign began in 1863 with General Joseph Hooker leading the Union army across the Rappahannock River into Confederate territory in the border regions south to the Rapidan River.
May 1863: Battle of Chancellorsville. Confederate General Lee defeats Hooker's Army of Potomac.
9.3.8.Goldsboro Expedition
Were a series of military operations part of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.
December 1862: Battle of Kinston. Union forces under John G. Foster defeat Confederates under Nathan Evans.
December 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of White Hall.
December 1862: Battle of Goldsboro Bridge. General Foster defeats Confederates and destroys the bridge.
January 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of White Hall.
9.3.9.Gettysburg Campaign
Was a military invasion of Pennsylvania by the main Confederate army under General Robert E. Lee in summer 1863.
June 1863: On June 26, elements of Confederate Maj. Gen. Jubal Early's division of Ewell's Corps occupied the town of Gettysburg after chasing off newly raised Pennsylvania militia in a series of minor skirmishes.
June 1863: Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry reached Fairfax Court House in 1863. They were delayed by a small battle on June 27, part of the Gettysburg Campaign during the American Civil War.
June 1863: On June 28, 1863, a Civil War skirmish between Confederate and Union armies took place at Wirghtsville, Pennsylvania.
June 1863: CSA forces occupied Westminster, Maryland.
June 1863: General J.E.B. Stuart and an army of 8,000 Confederate cavalrymen occupied Rockville on June 28, 1863, while on their way to Gettysburg.
June 1863: By June 29, Confederate General Lee's army was strung out in an arc from Chambersburg (45 km northwest of Gettysburg) to Carlisle (48 km north of Gettysburg) to near Harrisburg and Wrightsville on the Susquehanna River.
June 1863: General Jubal Early's Confederate Division occupied York, Pennsylvania. This was significant as York was the largest Northern town to fall to the Confederates during the war.
June 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Donaldsonville. Inconclusive.
July 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Carlisle. Inconclusive.
July 1863: Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart led his troops to Carlisle, Pennsylvania in June 1863 during the Gettysburg Campaign. After a brief skirmish and burning the Carlisle Barracks, Stuart retreated to Gettysburg where the decisive Battle of Gettysburg would take place.
July 1863: Battle of Fairfield.Cavalry engagement won by the Confederate army during the Gettysburg Campaign secured the important Hagerstown Road.
July 1863: Battle of Gettysburg: The defeat of his massive infantry assault, Pickett's Charge, caused Lee to order a retreat that began the evening of July 4.
July 1863: Battle of Boonsboro. Indecisive action at rearguard of Lee's retreat.
July 1863: General George Meade led the Union Army of the Potomac, while General Robert E. Lee commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War. Lee's successful retreat across the Potomac River after the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 marked a turning point in the war.
July 1863: Battle of Williamsport. Indecisive.
August 1863: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Williamsport.
9.3.10.Operations in North Alabama
Were a series of military operations part of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.
February 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Morton's Ford. Inconclusive.
March 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Morton's Ford.
9.3.11.Overland Campaign
A series of battles fought in Virginia during May and June 1864, in the American Civil War.
May 1864: General Ulysses S. Grant's forces crossed the Rapidan River.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of the Wilderness. Grant and Lee meet inconclusively.
May 1864: Battle of Yellow Tavern. Union forces win cavalry battle, Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart is mortally wounded.
May 1864: Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. Grant and Lee meet inconclusively, Grant writes to Halleck "I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer".
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of North Anna. Inconclusive.
May 1864: Battle of Haw's Shop. Union advance.
June 1864: Battle of Cold Harbor. Confederate General Lee repulses Grant.
9.3.12.Bermuda Hundred Campaign
Was a series of battles fought at the town of Bermuda Hundred, outside Richmond, Virginia, during May 1864 in the American Civil War.
May 1864: Battle of Port Walthall Junction. Union forces destroy railroad.
May 1864: Battle of Swift Creek. Union forces damage railroad, but are stopped by Confederate forces.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Chester Station. Union forces under Benjamin Butler pushed back.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Proctor's Creek. Confederate Beauregard defeats Butler.
May 1864: Battle of Ware Bottom Church. Confederate victory.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Swift Creek.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Proctor's Creek.
June 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Ware Bottom Church.
9.3.13.Richmond-Petersburg campaign
Was a series of battles around Petersburg, Virginia, fought from June 9, 1864, to March 25, 1865, during the American Civil War.
June 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Petersburg. Confederate Beauregard defeats Butler.
August 1864: Battle of Globe Tavern. Confederate forces lose control of railroads at Petersburg.
October 1864: Battle of Peebles' Farm. Union victory near Petersburg.
9.3.14.Appomattox Campaign
Were a series of American Civil War battles fought March 29 - April 9, 1865, in Virginia that concluded with the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia to the forces of the Union Army.
April 1865: Third Battle of Petersburg. Union General Grant defeats Lee.
April 1865: Battle of Sutherland's Station. Union victory.
April 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Amelia Springs. Inconclusive.
April 1865: Battle of Rice's Station. Confederate forces are caught off guard by John Gibbon's forces.
April 1865: Battle of High Bridge. Union forces thwart Lee's attempts to burn bridges and to resupply, Grant proposes that Lee surrender, but he refuses.
April 1865: Battle of Appomattox Court House. Confederate General Lee's forces surrounded. He subsequently surrenders.
9.4.Western Theatre of the American Civil War
The western theater of the American Civil War encompassed major military operations in the states of Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina, Kentucky, South Carolina and Tennessee, as well as Louisiana east of the Mississippi River.
August 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Athens. Union victory in small skirmish on the Iowa-Missouri border
September 1861: Confederate General Leonidas Polk occupied Columbus.
September 1861: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Athens.
December 1861: In 1861, pro-Confederate members of the Kentucky legislature, including Richard Hawes and George W. Johnson, established a separate government in Russellville. This government was recognized by the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.
October 1863: Battle of Wauhatchie. Longstreet defeated by Union forces.
November 1863: Battle of Collierville. Abortive Confederate attack on the town.
April 1864: Battle of Salyersville. Confederates were driven into Salyersville with heavy losses.
May 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Salyersville.
9.4.1.Early Operations in Kentucky
Were the battles in Kentucky in the early phases of the American Civil War.
September 1861: Battle of Barbourville. Onfederate Brigadier General Zollicoffer raided a Federal recruitment camp and brought a counter-thrust.
October 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Camp Wildcat. Confederates chased from Cumberland Gap.
November 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Ivy Mountain.Union forces routed Confederate forces.
November 1861: Battle of Camp Wildcat. Confederates chased from Cumberland Gap.
December 1861: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Ivy Mountain.
December 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Rowlett's Station. Union soldiers hold area, but do not launch any counter thrusts. Confederates and Texas Rangers retreat.
January 1862: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Rowlett's Station.
9.4.2.Federal Penetration up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers
Was a military campaign by the Union during the American Civil War.
February 1862: Battle of Fort Henry: surrender of Fort Henry to Unionist forces. Grant and Foote's gunboats gain control of Tennessee River by defeating Lloyd Tilghman
February 1862: Battle of Fort Donelson. Confederate army under Simon Bolivar Buckner surrenders to Grant, Union gains control of Cumberland River
April 1862: Battle of Shiloh or Pittsburg Landing. Grant and reinforcements under Buell repulse Albert Sidney Johnston and P. G. T. Beauregard. A.S. Johnston is killed.
May 1862: Siege of Corinth. Union forces capture town.
9.4.3.Joint Operations Against New Madrid, Island No. 10, and Memphis
Was a military campaign of Union forces started from California to fight against the Confederates in Arizona.
June 1862: Battle of Memphis. Union forces capture the city.
9.4.4.Kentucky Campaign
Was an American Civil War campaign conducted by the Confederate States Army in Tennessee and Kentucky.
June 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Chattanooga.
August 1862: Battle of Richmond (Kentucky). Edmund Kirby Smith routs Union army under Brig. Gen. William "Bull" Nelson.
August 1862: On August 30, 1862, Lexington (Kentucky) was captured and briefly occupied by Confederate troops.
October 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Perryville or Chaplin Hills.
9.4.5.Iuka and Corinth Operations
Were a series of battles in Iuka and Corinth (Missisippi) during the American Civil War.
September 1862: Battle of Iuka. Union victory.
October 1862: Second Battle of Corinth. Confederate attack fails.
November 1862: Confederate troop retreat after the Second Battle of Corinth.
9.4.6.Stones River Campaign
Were a series of military operations in northern Tennessee during the American Civil War.
December 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Hartsville. Disguised in Union uniforms, Confederates infiltrate and defeat Union forces.
January 1863: Battle of Stones River. Confederate army forced to withdraw after losing 11,739 men.
9.4.7.Middle Tennessee Operations
Were a series of military operations in central Tennessee during the American Civil War.
February 1863: Battle of Dover. Failed Confederate attack on town.
March 1863: The Confederates retreated after the Battle of Dover.
March 1863: Battle of Thompson's Station. Confederate Earl Van Dorn defeats John Coburn
March 1863: Battle of Vaught's Hill. Union forces withstand attack by John Hunt Morgan's Confederates.
March 1863: Battle of Brentwood.
March 1863: Battle of Brentwood. Union force surrenders.
April 1863: Battle of Franklin (1863). Confederates withdraw after rearguard defeat.
April 1863: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Vaught's Hill.
9.4.8.Streight's Raid in Alabama and Georgia
Was a military campaign by the Union in northern Alabama during the American Civil War.
April 1863: Battle of Day's Gap. Union victory.
May 1863: Blountsville conquered by USA.
May 1863: Gadsden conquered by USA.
May 1863: Forrest (Union) surrounded Streight's exhausted men (Confederates) 5 km east of Cedar Bluff, Alabama, and forced their surrender.
9.4.9.Tullahoma campaign
Was a military campaign by the Union that drove the Confederate forces out of central Tennesse during the American Civil War.
June 1863: General Braxton Bragg ordered the Confederate Army to withdraw to Tullahoma on June 27, 1863, during the American Civil War. This strategic move was in response to the advance of Union forces led by General William Rosecrans.
July 1863: The Union forces, led by General Joseph Hooker, launched an attack on the Confederates, resulting in the Battle of Lookout Mountain.
9.4.10.Morgan's Raid in Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio
Was a Confederate raid in Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and West Virginia during the American Civil War.
July 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Tebbs Bend. Union infantry defeats Confederate cavalry.
July 1863: Battle of Lebanon (Kentucky).
July 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Buffington Island. Confederates captured after failing to find a secure retreat.
July 1863: Battle of Salineville: The Union victory shattered John Hunt Morgan's remaining Confederate cavalry and led to his capture later that day. The northernmost battle in the Civil War.
9.4.11.Knoxville campaign
Were a series of military operations in eastern Tennessee during the American Civil War.
September 1863: Battle of the Cumberland Gap (1863).
September 1863: Battle of Blountville. Union forces capture town.
October 1863: Battle of Blue Springs. Confederate forces overrun.
November 1863: Battle of Campbell's Station. Union victory.
9.4.12.Chickamauga campaign
Were a series of military operations in northwestern Georgia during the American Civil War.
September 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Chickamauga. Confederarate victory.
October 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Chickamauga.
9.4.13.Chattanooga campaign
Were a series of military operations in Chattanooga, Tennessee during the American Civil War.
November 1863: Battle of Ringgold Gap: The five hour Battle of Ringgold Gap resulted in the Confederate victory of Major General Patrick R. Cleburne and gave the Army of Tennessee safe passage to retreat through the Ringgold Gap mountain pass.
9.4.14.Operations in Dandridge
Were a series of military operations in Tennesse during the American Civil War.
December 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Mossy Creek. Union victory.
January 1864: Battle of Dandridge. Union forces withdraw.
January 1864: Confederate cavalry forced back.after the Battle of Mossy Creek.
9.4.15.Meridian and Yazoo River expeditions
Was an Union military operation leading ot the capture of Meridian (Mississippi) during the American Civil War.
February 1864: Battle of Meridian. Union General Sherman occupies town.
February 1864: Battle of Okolona. Confederate cavalry, commanded by Maj. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, routed 7,000 cavalry under the command of Brig. Gen. William Sooy Smith.
March 1864: Union forces elave Yazoo City.
March 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Okolona.
9.4.16.Atlanta campaign
Was a series of battles fought in the Western Theater of the American Civil War throughout northwest Georgia and the area around Atlanta during the summer of 1864.
May 1864: Battle of Resaca: It ended inconclusively with the Confederate Army retreating.
May 1864: Battle of Rocky Face Ridge. Due to a flanking movement by Union troops under Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman, Confederates led by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston were forced to evacuate their strong position near Atlanta.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Adairsville.
May 1864: Battle of New Hope Church. Confederate Hooker's forces defeated.
May 1864: Battle of Pickett's Mill. Unsuccessful attack by Union General Sherman on Johnston.
June 1864: Battle of Dallas (Georgia). Confederate withdrawal in Georgia.
June 1864: Battle of Kolb's Farm. Union victory.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of New Hope Church.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Pickett's Mill.
June 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. Confederate Johnston repulses Sherman.
July 1864: Battle of Marietta. Union victory. Confederates withdrew.
July 1864: Battle of Peachtree Creek. Union victory.
July 1864: Battle of Atlanta. Victory of Union army who reaches the southeast of Atlanta, Georgia.
July 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain.
July 1864: Battle of Ezra Church. Confederate attack on Union army northwest of Atlanta fails to gain element of surprise, finding entrenched Union forces. Union victory.
July 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Brown's Mill. Confederate victory.
August 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Utoy Creek. Indecisive battle on Union right flank near Atlanta.
August 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Lovejoy's Station. Confederates repel Union raiders attacking the station.
August 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Brown's Mill.
September 1864: Battle of Jonesborough. William J. Hardee's Confederates defeated, resulting in Atlanta's fall the following day.
September 1864: Atlanta falls to the Union on September 2, 1864, after a siege.
September 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Utoy Creek.
September 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Lovejoy's Station.
9.4.17.Forrest's Defense of Mississippi
Was a Confederate counteroffensive in Mississippi during the American Civil War.
June 1864: Battle of Brice's Crossroads. Confederate N.B. Forrest routs Union force almost three times as large.
July 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Brice's Crossroads.
August 1864: Second Battle of Memphis. Confederate raid.
August 1864: Second Battle of Memphis.Confederate raid.
September 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Second Battle of Memphis.
9.4.18.Morgan's Raid into Kentucky
Was a Confederate raid in Kentucky during the American Civil War.
June 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Cynthiana. Union Brig. Gen. Stephen Gano Burbridge defeated Confederate Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan. Most Confederate soldiers were casualties, though Morgan escaped.
July 1864: Confederae troop retreat after the Battle of Cynthiana.
9.4.19.Operations in Mobile Bay
Was a battle of the American Civil War where the Union conquered Mobile Bay, Alabama.
August 1864: Battle of Mobile Bay. Union General David Farragut takes the port of Mobile.
9.4.20.Franklin-Nashville Campaign
Was a series of battles fought in the Western Theater of the American Civil War in Alabama, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia.
October 1864: Battle of Allatoona. Union victory.
October 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Decatur. Confederates unable to cross river.
November 1864: Battle of Columbia. Confederate victory.
November 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Spring Hill.
November 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Decatur.
December 1864: Battle of Nashville: In one of the largest victories achieved by the Union Army during the war, Thomas attacked and routed Hood's army, largely destroying it as an effective fighting force.
9.4.21.Sherman's March to the Sea
Was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 until December 21, 1864 by the Union.
November 1864: Battle of Griswoldville. Sherman's march to the sea continued.
November 1864: Battle of Buck Head Creek. Union victory.
November 1864: Battle of Honey Hill. The third battle of Sherman's March to the Sea was a failed Union Army expedition under Maj. Gen. John P. Hatch that attempted to cut off the Charleston and Savannah Railroad in support of Sherman's projected arrival in Savannah.
December 1864: Battle of Waynesboro, Georgia. Union victory.
December 1864: Second Battle of Fort McAllister. Union General William B. Hazen captures Fort McAllister.
December 1864: Savannah, Georgia, falls to Union forces under General William T. Sherman.
December 1864: Union retreat after defeat in Battle of Honey Hill.
9.4.22.Campaign of the Carolinas
Was an Union military campaign in the Carolinas to link up with the forces in Virginia during the American Civil War.
February 1865: Battle of Rivers' Bridge. Union forces capture river crossing.
February 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Aiken.
February 1865: Battle of Congaree Creek.
February 1865: Columbia, capital of South Carolina, falls to the Union.
March 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Monroe's Cross Roads. Confederates delayed Federal Cavalry movement towards Fayetteville.
March 1865: Battle of Aiken. Confederate victory.
March 1865: Battle of Bentonville. Sherman defeats Confederates
April 1865: Battle of Morrisville. Union victory. Last cavalry battle of the War.
April 1865: When Johnston agreed to purely military terms and formally surrendered his army and all Confederate forces in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida.
9.4.23.Wilson's Raid
Was an Union raid in Alabama and Georgia during the American Civil War.
April 1865: Battle of Ebenezer Church (Alabama).
9.4.24.Mobile campaign
Were a series of military operations part of the Western Theater of the American Civil War.
April 1865: Battle of Fort Blakeley. Union forces capture fort east of Mobile.
9.5.Lower Seaboard Theatre
Encompassed major military and naval operations that occurred near the coastal areas of the Southeastern United States: in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Texas, as well as southern part of the Mississippi River.
October 1861: Santa Rosa Island (Florida) is occupied by the union.
November 1861: Battle of Port Royal. Union fleet under S. F. Du Pont capture Confederate forts at Hilton Head, South Carolina.
November 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Santa Rosa Island. Union forces repel Confederate attempt to capture island.
March 1862: The Union captured St. Augustine.
April 1862: 28 gunboats commanded by Union Commodore Samuel Dupont occupied Fort Clinch at Fernandina Beach.
April 1862: Battle of Fort Pulaski. Union blockade closes Savannah, Georgia. Parrott rifle makes masonry forts obsolete.
April 1862: Two days before the city surrendered in April 1862, Moore and the legislature abandoned Baton Rouge as the state capital, relocating to Opelousas in May.
October 1862: Battle of Georgia Landing. Confederate forces fled to Labadieville.
January 1864: Fort Myers, a strategic location during the Seminole Indian Wars, was abandoned until Union soldiers, led by General John Newton, reoccupied it in December 1863 during the Civil War. This move was part of the Union's efforts to establish control over key points in Florida.
June 1864: Camp Milton was a Confederate stronghold during the American Civil War. It was captured by Union forces on June 2, 1864.
September 1864: Battle of Marianna. Union cavalry raid into Florida panhandle.
March 1865: Battle of Fort Myers: Even though the attack had been repelled, Fort Myers was abandoned by its garrison in early March. Southernmost land battle in Florida of the war.
March 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Natural Bridge. Confederate victory in Florida prevents the capture of Tallahassee.
April 1865: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Natural Bridge.
9.5.1.New Orleans Expedition
Was a military campaign of the Union culminationg in the capture of New Orleans, the major port of the Confederates, during the American Civil War.
April 1862: Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip. Decisive battle for possession of New Orleans. Union victory.
May 1862: Union forces under General Butler occupy New Orleans, Louisiana.
9.5.2.Operations in West Louisiana
Were a series of military operations in western Louisiana during the American Civil War.
April 1863: Battle of Fort Bisland. Confederate forces retreat from Fort Bisland.
April 1863: Battle of Irish Bend. Confederate Richard Taylor retreats from Fort Bisland.
April 1863: Battle of Vermillion Bayou. Confederate Richard Taylor, being vastly outnumbered, retreats after an artillery skirmish.
April 1863: Taylor retreated from the Teche region, and Banks was able to capture the Confederate fort at Butte a la Rose and Alexandria.
9.5.3.Siege of Port Hudson
Was the final engagement in the Union campaign to recapture the Mississippi River in the American Civil War.
May 1863: Battle of Plains Store. Union victory.
9.5.4.Union Invasion of Florida
Was a military invasion of Florida by the Union during the American Civil War.
February 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Olustee. Confederate victory.
February 1864: In 1864, during the American Civil War, Union forces led by General Truman Seymour were defeated by Confederate troops commanded by General Joseph Finegan in Jacksonville, Florida. The Union forces were forced to retreat back to their fortifications in the city.
March 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Olustee.
9.6.Valley Campaigns of 1864
Were the battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War.
9.6.1.Lynchburg Campaign
Were a series of battles in the area of Lynchburg, Virginia, during the American Civil War.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of New Market. Confederate forces halt Union army under Franz Sigel from advance up the Shenandoah Valley.
June 1864: Battle of Piedmont. Union forces under David Hunter defeat Confederate defenses on march to Staunton, Virginia, upper Shenandoah Valley.
June 1864: Battle of Lynchburg: Union army forced back through West Virginia.
9.6.2.Early's Incursion
Were a series of Confederate military operations led by Jubal Early in Maryland and Virginia during the American Civil War.
July 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Monocacy. Union Gen. Lew Wallace slows up Jubal Early, saving DC.
July 1864: Battle of Fort Stevens. Failed Confederate attempt to capture Washington, D.C., President Lincoln, observing the battle, comes under Confederate fire.
July 1864: Confederate General Jubal Early unsuccessfully attacked Fort Stevens in Washington D.C. during the Civil War in 1864. After realizing he could not capture the capital, Early retreated back to Virginia.
July 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Cool Spring. Unionist Joseph Thoburn led a full retreat after being surrounded by Confederate forces.
July 1864: Second Battle of Kernstown. Jubal Early defeats Union forces.
9.6.3.Sheridan Valley Campaign
Were a series of battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War from May to October 1864.
August 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Summit Point. Inconclusive.
September 1864: Battle of Opequon. Union General Sheridan defeats Early, several officers killed or wounded on both sides.
September 1864: Battle of Fisher's Hill. Successful Union frontal assault.
October 1864: Battle of Cedar Creek. Union General Sheridan defeats Early, drives Confederates from Shenandoah Valley.
Was a military expedition by the United States in Korea that took place predominantly on and around Ganghwa Island in 1871.
June 1871: On June 10, the Americans attacked the lightly defended Choji Garrison on Ganghwa, along the Salee River. The Koreans were armed with severely outdated weapons, such as matchlock muskets but with cannons.
June 1871: In 1871, during the Shinmiyangyo (U.S. expedition to Korea), American troops led by Admiral Rodgers and General Foulke reached Deokjin Fort, which had been abandoned by Korean forces. This marked a significant moment in the military occupation of the area by the United States.
June 1871: In 1871, during the United States expedition to Korea, sailors and Marines dismantled the fortress at Gwangseong Garrison. This action was part of the military occupation of the area led by Rear Admiral John Rodgers and General Frederick Townsend Ward.
July 1871: The United States Asiatic Squadron stayed at anchorage off Jakyak Island until July 3, when they left Korea.
Was a war between Spain and the United States of America. The immediate cause of the war was the American support to Cuban independence.
11.1.Pacific theatre (Spanish-American War)
Was the Pacific theatre of the Spanish-American War.
May 1898: The first battle between American and Spanish forces was at Manila Bay where, on May 1, Commodore George Dewey, commanding the U.S. Navy's Asiatic Squadron aboard USS Olympia, in a matter of hours defeated a Spanish squadron under Admiral Patricio Montojo.
June 1898: A small U.S. task force under Captain Henry Glass captures Guam.
11.2.Caribbean theatre of the Spanish-American War
Was the Caribbean theatre of the Spanish-American War. The United States of America eventually occupied Cuba.
June 1898: Battle of Guantánamo Bay during the Spanish-American War: American and Cuban forces seized the strategically and commercially important harbor of Guantánamo Bay.
June 1898: From June 22 to 24, the Fifth Army Corps under General William R. Shafter landed at Daiquirí and Siboney, east of Santiago, and established an American base of operations.
July 1898: Battle of El Caney. American victory. Santiago (Cuba) is now on the verge of being captured.
July 1898: Battle of San Juan Hill.
July 1898: The Battle of Santiago de Cuba was a naval battle that occurred on July 3, 1898, in which the United States Navy decisively defeated Spanish forces.
11.2.1.Puerto Rico Campaign
Was a U.S. military campaign to occupy the island of Puerto Rico during the Spanish-American War.
July 1898: American forces of Major General Miles capture Guánica.
July 1898: U.S. general Garretson troops entered Yauco in the afternoon.
July 1898: The troops of Lt. Col. Francisco Puig leave the towns of Adjuntas and Utuado to advancing American forces.
July 1898: U.S. forces arrived at the town of Arecibo on the northern coast of the island.
August 1898: Arroyo (Puerto Rico) was taken by American forces.
August 1898: When the 4th August U.S. troops entered the town of Guayama, they discovered that the Spaniards had fled north and abandoned the city, ending the Battle of Guayama.
August 1898: On the evening of August 6, Captain Charles J. Barclay of Amphitrite ordered 28 sailors and 7 officers commanded by Lt. Charles N. Atwater and Assistant Engineer David J. Jenkins ashore to relight and occupy the Fajardo Light.
August 1898: General James H. Wilson defeats Spanish forces in a smart action at Coamo, Puerto Rico.
August 1898: The 4th Ohio requested reinforcements and on August 9, attacked the Spaniards and a short firefight erupted. The numerical superiority of the Americans forced the Spanish to retreat from Guamaní Heights.
August 1898: American forces set up camp on Silva Heights for the night and the following day they continued their drive to Mayagüez. They arrived the following morning to find that the Spanish forces had abandoned the city to retreat to the east towards Lares.
August 1898: All military actions in Puerto Rico were suspended August 13, after President William McKinley and French Ambassador Jules Cambon, acting on behalf of the Spanish government, signed an armistice whereby Spain relinquished its sovereignty over the territory of Puerto Rico.
11.3.Battle of Manila (1898)
Was the U.S. conquest of Manila, nominally under Spanish control but factually under the control of the First Philippine Republic. The battle was part of the Spanish-American War.
August 1898: U.S. forces captured Manila.
11.4.Treaty of Paris (1898)
Was the treaty that ended the Spanish-American War. Spain ceded most of its colonies (the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Guam) to the United States.
December 1898: The United States and Spain conclude the Treaty of Paris, whereby the Philippines are ceded to the Americans for a sum of $20 million, along with Puerto Rico and Guam. Cuba is also declared free and the Spanish pledge to pay $400 million for all Cuban debts. This concludes nearly four centuries of Spanish rule in the Western Hemisphere.
April 1899: Cuba became a U.S. protectorate at the end of the Spanish-American War.
Was a war between the First Philippine Republic and the United States of America. It resulted in the occupation of the Philippines by the United States. The Philippines had managed to become independent with the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule (1896-1898). However, Spain officially ceded the Philippines to the United States after the Spanish-American War. The United States did not aknowledge Philippine independence and thus invaded the archipelago.
October 1899: San Isidro captured by the US troops.
January 1900: U.S. forces captured Sorsogon City, Calbayog, Catbalogan, Tacloban, and Ormoc.
February 1900: U.S. Cavite, Batangas, Tayabas, and Laguna campaigns led to the occupation of these regions.
January 1901: Philippine Leader Martín Teófilo Delgado surrendered to U.S. forces in Panay.
March 1901: General Frederick Funston and his troops Filipino captured guerrilla leader Emilio Aguinaldo in Palanan, Isabela.
March 1901: Philippine leader Nicolas Capistrano surrendered to U.S. forces in northern Mindanao.
April 1901: On April 1, 1901, at the Malacañan Palace in Manila, Philippine President Emilio Aguinaldo swore an oath accepting the authority of the United States over the Philippines and pledging his allegiance to the American government. On April 19, he issued a Proclamation of Formal Surrender to the United States, telling his followers to lay down their weapons and give up the fight.
April 1901: Philippine leaders Manuel Tinio and Jose Alejandrino surrendered to U.S. forces in the Province of Nueva Ecija.
May 1901: Philippine leader Moxica surrendered to U.S. forces in Leyte on 18 May.
April 1902: Not all of the Phillipine insurgent leaders had responded to President Aguinaldo's acceptance of the United States authority. The last rebel forces on the island of Samar were defeated by the U.S. invaders by 16 April 1902.
12.1.Manila campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
February 1899: Battle of Caloocan. The town falls to American forces.
12.2.Iloilo campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
February 1899: Iloilo on Panay island was occupied by American forces.
February 1899: Cebu conquered by usa.
March 1899: The military occupation of Negros by the USA in 1899 was led by General James Franklin Bell. The capture of Bacolod on March 10 was a significant event in the Philippine-American War, marking the beginning of American control over the island.
May 1899: Jolo conquered by usa.
12.3.Malolos campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
March 1899: Battle of Marilao River.
March 1899: Kansas and Nebraska volunteers under Col o nel Frederick Funston overcome desperate Filipino re sis tance and capture their capital at Malolos.
April 1899: American forced overran Quingua in fierce fighting on April 23 and 24.
April 1899: Battle of Calumpit.
May 1899: U.S. forces captured San Fernando, Pampanga on May 4.
August 1899: Angeles conquered by usa.
12.4.Laguna de Bay campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
April 1899: American Major General Henry Lawton took his column south, captured Santa Cruz in the Laguna de Bay area.
April 1899: Battle of Pagsanjan.
April 1899: Battle of Paete.
April 1899: Filipino troops reoccupied Santa Cruz.
12.5.First San Isidro campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
April 1899: U.S. troops led by Lawton captured Norzagaray, Bulacan.
April 1899: Angat (Bulacan) conquered by usa.
May 1899: U.S. forces captured San Rafael, Baliuag and Bustos on 2 May.
May 1899: San Isidro conquered by the U.S. forces.
12.6.Second San Isidro campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
October 1899: U.S. forces recaptured San Isidro on October 20.
November 1899: The Americans entered Arayat.
November 1899: Umangan conquered by usa.
November 1899: Tayug and San Nicholas conquered by usa.
November 1899: U.S. General Samuel M.B. Young captured San Fernando de la Union on 20 November.
November 1899: The Oregon, a battleship of the United States Navy, occupied Vigan in 1899 during the Philippine-American War.
12.7.San Fabian campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
November 1899: U.S. forces sailed from Manila on the 6th november and landed at San Fabian.
November 1899: The 33rd U.S. Volunteer Regiment routed insurgents at San Jacinto.
November 1899: U.S. forces occupied the region between San Jacinto and Dangupan.
12.8.Tarlac campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
November 1899: American troops of General Arthur MacArthur’s division storm into Tarlac, the last capital of Filipino guerrillas.
November 1899: Bayambang and Pangasinan were occupied by U.S. forces.
November 1899: U.S. forces reached Dagupan on November 20.
November 1899: Brig. Gen. Frederick D. Grant, son of former US President Ulysses S. Grant, captured Subic Bay in 1899 during the Philippine-American War.
12.9.Cagayan Valley campaign
Was a military campaign by the United States of America in the Philippine-American War.
December 1899: Comdr. Bowman H. McCalla accepted the surrender of Daniel Tirona's Filipino forces in Aparri, Cagayan in 1899.
Was a civil war in Samoa with the involvement of the western countries that resulted in the partition of the archipleago between Germany and the United States of America.
13.1.Tripartite Convention of 1899
Was a convention that ended the Second Samoan Civil War with the partition of the Samoan Islands into American Samoa and German Samoa.
February 1900: The Second Samoan Civil War was ended by the Tripartite Convention of 1899, which divided the Samoan Islands into American Samoa and German Samoa.
were a series of conflicts that consisted of military occupation, police action, and intervention by the United States in Central America and the Caribbean between the end of the Spanish-American War in 1898 and the inception of the Good Neighbor Policy in 1934.
14.1.Panama Canal Zone
The U.S.A. leased the Panama Isthmus from Panama and built the Canal.
14.2.Second Occupation of Cuba
When the government of Cuban President Tomás Estrada Palma collapsed, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt ordered U.S. military forces into Cuba. Their mission was to prevent fighting between the Cubans, to protect U.S. economic interests there, and to hold free elections in order to establish a new and legitimate government.
September 1906: When the government of Cuban President Tomás Estrada Palma collapsed, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt ordered U.S. military forces into Cuba, starting the Second U.S. Occupation of Cuba (September 1906).
February 1909: After the establishment of a new Cuban government under U.S. supervision, the Second U.S. Military Occupation of Cuba was ended.
14.3.United States occupation of Nicaragua
Was the U.S. invasion of Nicaragua in 1916. The United States would leave the army only in 1934.
June 1916: Nicaragua assumed a quasi-protectorate status of the U.S. under the 1916 Bryan-Chamorro Treaty.
January 1934: In 1933 President Franklin D. Roosevelt, invoking his new Good Neighbor policy, ended the American intervention in Nicaragua.
14.4.United States occupation of Veracruz
In April 1914 U.S. opposition to Mexican president Victoriano Huerta culminated in the seizure and occupation of the port of Veracruz.
14.5.United States occupation of Haiti
Was the U.S. invasion and occupation of Haiti. The reason was the protection of American interests in the country.
July 1915: American President Woodrow Wilson ordered 330 U.S. Marines to occupy Port-au-Prince, the capital of the Republic of Haiti.
November 1915: In 1915, during the United States military occupation of Haiti, the Marines, led by General Smedley Butler, captured Fort Rivière from the Haitian Cacos rebels.
May 1916: End of the American occupation of Haiti.
December 1924: U.S. forces reoccupy Haiti.
August 1934: The last contingent of U.S. Marines departed from Haiti after a formal transfer of authority to the Garde.
14.6.Mexican Border War (1910-1919)
Were a series of military engagements which took place in the Mexican-American border region of North America during the Mexican Revolution.
14.6.1.Pancho Villa Expedition
Was a military operation conducted by the United States Army against the paramilitary forces of Mexican revolutionary Francisco "Pancho" Villa during the Mexican Revolution.
14.7.United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916-1924)
Was the U.S. invasion of the Dominican Republic caused by the U.S. dissatisfaction with the political instability of the country.
May 1916: Admiral William Caperton led the United States military forces in occupying Santo Domingo in 1916.
June 1916: U.S. Colonel Joseph H. Pendleton's Marine units took the key port cities of Puerto Plata and Monte Cristi on the 1 June.
July 1916: Two days after the Battle of Guayacanas, on the 3 July the Marines moved onto Arias' stronghold in Santiago de los Caballeros.
October 1916: The rest of the U.S. occupation forces landed and took control of the Dominican Republic within two months.
July 1924: The control of the republic returned to Dominican hands.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
15.1.World War II (Asia & Pacific)
Was the East Asian, South Asian and Pacific theatre of World War II.
February 1944: On January 31, 1944 American forces landed on Kwajalein atoll and U.S. Marines and Army troops later took control of the islands from the Japanese on February 3.
September 1944: U.S. occupation of the islands of actual Micronesia.
15.1.1.Philippines campaign (1941-1942)
Was the invasion of the Philippines by the Empire of Japan during World War II.
15.1.1.1.Japanese occupation of Luzon and surrounding islands
Were the operations of the Japanese army in Luzon and surrounding islands during the invasion of the Philippines.
December 1941: The Japanese 14th Army began its invasion with a landing on Batan Island (not to be confused with Bataan Peninsula), 190 km off the north coast of Luzon, on 8 December 1941.
December 1941: Japanese landings on Camiguin Island.
December 1941: Japanese Landings at Vigan, Aparri, and Gonzaga.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Uguegarao.
December 1941: The Japanese landed 2,500 men of the 16th Division at Legazpi.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Olaoag.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Imugan.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of S. Fernando.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Lingayen.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Baguio.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of St. Jose.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Mauban.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Cabanatuan.
December 1941: Japanese conquest of Tarlag.
January 1942: Japanese conquest of Cavite.
January 1942: Japanese conquest of Manila.
January 1942: Japanese conquest of Batangas.
April 1942: The American surrended at Bataan to the Japanese.
May 1942: Fall of Corregidor to Japanese forces (6 May 1942).
15.1.1.2.Japanese occupation of Mindanao and surrounding islands
Were the operations of the Japanese army in Mindanao and surrounding islands during the invasion of the Philippines.
December 1941: In the night between the 19th and 20th the island of Mindanao was also occupied, after resistance by the garrison.
December 1941: The Japanese landed at Jolo, in the Sulu Archipelago, finding light resistence.
15.1.2.Gilbert and Marshall Islands Campaign
Were a series of battles fought from August 1942 through February 1944, in the Pacific theatre of World War II between the United States and Japan.
January 1944: U.S. invasion of Majuro Atoll. Atoll is secured without a fight.
15.1.3.Battle of Guam (1941)
Was the Japanese invasion of Guam, a U.S. territory in the Mariana Islands.
15.1.4.Battle of Guam (World War II)
Was the struggle over the control of Guam between Japanese and U.S. forces during World War II.
15.1.4.1.Battle of Guam (1944)
Was the American recapture of the Japanese-held island of Guam.
July 1944: Frontline of the U.S liberation of Guam from Japanese occupation (1944).
August 1944: Frontline of the U.S liberation of Guam from Japanese occupation (1944).
August 1944: American forces invaded Guam. By August 8th, organized Japanese resistance ended, and Guam was declared secure.
15.1.5.Battle of Wake Island
Was the military invasion by Japanese forces of Wake island, a U.S. possession.
December 1941: Surrender of the American Garrison of Wake Island to the Empire of Japan.
15.1.6.New Guinea Campaign
Was a military campaign that started when Japan invaded the island of New Guinea.
15.1.6.1.New Britain campaign
Was a battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II in the Australian Territory of New Guinea.
September 1945: Following the Surrender of Japan in 1945, civil administration of Papua and New Guinea was restored, and under the Papua New Guinea Provisional Administration Act (1945-46), Papua and New Guinea were combined in an administrative union.
15.1.6.2.Western New Guinea campaign
Was a battle between the Allies and the Japanese forces in Western New Guinea, a Dutch territory under Japanese occupation.
April 1944: In Operation Persecution, the 163rd Regimental Combat Team- detached from the U.S. 41st Infantry Division - and the No. 62 Works Wing of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) simultaneously landed at Aitape.
April 1944: In Operation Reckless the U.S. 24th and the 41st Infantry Divisions landed at Tanahmerah and Humboldt bays.
August 1944: Battle of Biak.
August 1944: The American Sixth Army, declares Sansapor operation terminated. Sansopor is occupied by American forces.
August 1944: Noemfoor is occupied by American forces.
October 1944: Morotai is occupied by American forces led by General Krueger.
15.1.7.Aleutian Islands Campaign
Was a military campaign conducted by the United States, Canada, and Japan in the Aleutian Islands, part of the Territory of Alaska, in the American Theater and the Pacific Theater of World War II.
June 1942: Japanese invade western Aleutians, landing some 1,800 men on Attu and Kiska.
May 1943: The U.S. 7th Division defeats the Japanese forces on Attu, which is liberated.
August 1943: The Americans and Canadians executed an unopposed landing on Kiska on 15 August, securing the island and ending the Aleutian Islands campaign.
15.1.8.Mariana and Palau Islands campaign
Was an offensive launched by United States forces against Imperial Japanese forces in the Mariana Islands and Palau in the Pacific Ocean between June and November 1944 during the Pacific War.
July 1944: Battle of Saipan: American forces occupy the Island.
August 1944: Tinian is occupied by American forces.
August 1944: At the end of August 1944, the Mariana Islands were in Allied hands.
October 1944: American forces overcome Japanese opposition on Angaur.
November 1944: Japanese resistance in Peleliu (Palaus Islands) ends.
15.1.9.Philippines campaign
Was the American, Mexican, Australian and Filipino campaign to defeat and expel the Imperial Japanese forces occupying the Philippines during World War II.
15.1.9.1.Battle of Leyte
Was the amphibious invasion of the island of Leyte in the Philippines, occupied by Japan at the time, by American forces.
October 1944: The U.S. Sixth Army, supported by naval and air bombardment, landed on the favorable eastern shore of Leyte.
December 1944: American avances during the Battle of Ormoc Bay.
December 1944: U.S. liberation of Irpil.
December 1944: U.S. liberation of Ormoc.
December 1944: U.S. liberation of Valencia.
December 1944: U.S. liberation of Paolompon.
December 1944: U.S. conquest of the barrio of Tibur.
December 1944: U.S. liberation of San isidoro.
December 1944: U.S. liberation of Tabango.
December 1944: U.S. liberation of Villaba.
December 1944: The Japanese evacuated Leyte island.
15.1.9.2.Battle of Mindoro
Was a battle in World War II between forces of the United States and Japan, in Mindoro Island in the central Philippines.
December 1944: American forces invade Mindoro.
15.1.9.3.Battle of Luzon
Was a land battle of the Pacific Theater of Operations of World War II by the Allied forces of the U.S., its colony the Philippines, and allies against forces of the Empire of Japan.
January 1945: American landings at the Lingayen Gulf on 9 January .
January 1945: American advance up to Clark Field and Fort Stotsenburg by January 31th.
February 1945: American forces conclude operations on the Bataan Peninsula, which is fully occupied.
March 1945: American forces conclude operations in Manila, clearing the area.
June 1945: The Bessang Pass fall at the hands of the United States Army Forces in the Philippines - Northern Luzon (USAFP-NL) on June 14, 1945.
15.1.9.4.Battle of the Mindanao
Was a battle fought by the Americans and allied Filipino guerrillas against the Japanese forces on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. It was part of the campaign to liberate the Philippines during World War II.
March 1945: The American 41st Division troops quickly captured Zamboanga.
March 1945: After an heavy fight, the center of the Japanese line in the Zamboanga peninsula broke.
April 1945: American amphibious operation to secure Malabang-Parang-Cotabato area of Mindanao.
April 1945: By 22 April, the Allies took the position in Jolo after hard fighting and the rest of the Japanese troops fled and held out in the west for another two months.
April 1945: Upon reaching Digos, the Americans quickly overwhelmed the defending Japanese.
May 1945: On 3 May, the U.S. 31st Division reached Kibawe.
May 1945: U.S. Eight Army clears Malaybalay-Kalasungay region.
June 1945: Battle of Davao.
July 1945: Allied units seized Sarangani and Balut islands.
15.1.9.5.Battle of the Visayas
Was a battle fought by the Americans and allied Filipino guerrillas against the Japanese forces in the
Visayas region in the Philippines. It was part of the campaign to liberate the Philippines during World War II.
March 1945: Within two weeks of aerial bombardment on Japanese positions, the 40th Infantry Division, spearheaded by the 185th Infantry Regiment landed unopposed at Tigbauan district, in southern Panay.
March 1945: Guimaras and Inampulagan islands, between Panay and Negros, were freed on the same day Iloilo fell, 20 March and the next day, respectively with no opposition.
March 1945: On Talisay Beach, 6.5 km west of Cebu City, the 182nd Infantry and 132nd Infantry landed on 26 March 1945.
March 1945: The U.S. Eighth Army seizes Cebu City.
March 1945: U.S. Eighth Army captured Bacolod City.
April 1945: The coastal plain of Negros was in Allied hands.
April 1945: Japanese retreat from southern Cebu.
May 1945: Major combat operations continued in Dumuguate until 28 May 1945, when the Japanese positions fell and Filipino guerrillas assumed control.
June 1945: By 4 June, the Japanese began a general withdrawal, retreating further into the unexplored mountains of Negros.
August 1945: Negros Island was liberated from Japanese occupation.
15.1.10.Volcano and Ryukyu Islands campaign
Was an Allied military campaign in the Volcano Islands and Ryukyu Islands during World War II.
March 1945: After a final attack by Japanese forces, Iwo Jima is captured and occupied. At 08:00 of 26 March 1945 American General Chaney assumes title of Island Commander.
June 1945: U.S. Tenth Army completes capture of Okinawa.
15.1.11.Borneo Campaign
Was the last major Allied campaign in the South West Pacific Area during World War II to liberate Japanese-held British Borneo and Dutch Borneo.
June 1945: Battle of Tarakan.
15.1.11.1.Battle of North Borneo
Was a series of Allied amphibious landings in North Borneo to clear North Borneo from Japanese forces.
July 1945: Battle of Balikpapan.
15.1.12.Japanese Surrender (World War II)
Were the evacuation of the Japanese forces from occupied territories after the formal surrender of the Empire of Japan.
August 1945: After the dropping of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan accepts the Allied unconditional surrender terms (14 August 1945). Japanese forces leave occupied territories.
August 1945: After the dropping of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan accepts the Allied unconditional surrender terms (14 August 1945). The Japanese archipelago was effectively placed under the authority of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers.
15.2.World War II (Western Front)
Was the Western European theatre of World War II.
15.2.1.Administrative changes of occupied Denmark and its possessions during World War II
Were the administrative territorial changes of Denmark (occupied by Germany) and its overseas territories (free from German occupation) during World War II.
April 1941: On 9 April 1941, the Danish envoy to the United States, Henrik Kauffmann, signed a treaty with the U.S. authorizing it to defend Greenland and construct military stations there. Kauffmann was supported in this decision by the Danish diplomats in the United States and the local authorities in Greenland. Signing this treaty "in the name of the King" was a clear violation of his diplomatic powers, but Kauffmann argued that he would not receive orders from an occupied Copenhagen.
July 1941: The defence of Iceland was transferred from Britain to the United States.
June 1944: Iceland dissolved its union with Denmark and the Danish monarchy and declared itself a republic.
May 1945: On 5 May 1945, Greenlanders celebrated the liberation of Denmark in Nuuk. The Greenland Administration under Eske Brun surrendered its emergency powers and again came under direct control from Copenhagen.
15.3.North Atlantic weather war
The Allies and Germany tried to gain a monopoly on weather data in the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans.
September 1942: Beginning in August 1942, the Germans established four clandestine weather stations on the east coast of Greenland.
March 1943: The Eskimonaes radio and weather station on Clavering Island, Greenland, was captured by German troops on 23 March.
April 1943: The Eskimonaes radio and weather station on Clavering Island, Greenland, was captured by German troops on 23 March.
April 1944: The German base on Sabine was bombed by USAAF bombers from Iceland. It was then seized by a Coast Guard landing party.
June 1944: On April 22, 1944, six Sledge Patrol members attacked the Bassgeiger weather station. The station was subsequently evacuated on June 3.
15.4.End of World War II in Europe
Refers to the surrender of Axis forces and the end of World War II and to the territorial changes that were a direct consequence of World War II but happened after the traditional end of the War.
May 1949: The Federal Republic of Germany was established on the territory of the Western occupied zones, with Bonn as its "provisional" capital.
15.4.1.Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state after World War II.
May 1945: In the immediate aftermath of World War II, Austria was divided into four occupation zones and jointly occupied by the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and France.
July 1955: The Austrian State Treaty was signed on May 15, 1955, in Vienna, Austria. The treaty was signed by the foreign ministers of the United States, Soviet Union, United Kingdom, and France, officially ending the Allied occupation of Austria and re-establishing the country as a sovereign state.
15.4.2.Allied occupation of Germany
The Allies occupied Germany, but the Western allies and Soviet Union formed separate governments covering specific parts of Germany (West Germany, as well as West Berlin, and East Germany).
August 1945: The Allies divided Germany into four occupation zones.
15.4.3.The Surrender of Japanese forces
Surrender of Japanese forces at the end of World War II.
September 1945: The Japanese commander in the Philippines, Gen. Yamashita, surrendered to Gen. Wainwright at Baguio.
September 1945: Wake island was held by the Japanese for the duration of the Pacific War theater of World War II; the remaining Japanese garrison on the island surrendered to a detachment of United States Marines on 4 September 1945.
Was a series of withdrawals from territories occupied by the Allies during World War II in the aftermath of the war.
16.1.Division of Korea between USA and URSS
Was the occupation and subsequent partition of Japanese-held Korea by the USSR and the USA.
September 1945: US Lieutenant General John R. Hodge arrived in Incheon to accept the Japanese surrender south of the 38th Parallel.
16.2.Creation of North and South Korea
The two occupation zones of Korea, by the USSR and the USA, became independent countries.
August 1948: The Republic of Korea (South Korea) was established.
16.3.U.S. withdrawal from Japan
Was the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Japan, which was militarly occupied at the end of World War II.
April 1952: Operation Blacklist was the codename for the Allied occupation of Japan following World War II. The San Francisco Peace Treaty, signed by 48 countries including Japan, officially ended the occupation on April 28, 1952.
April 1952: Operation Blacklist was the codename for the military occupation of Japan by the USA following World War II. The San Francisco Peace Treaty, signed by historical figures such as Mamoru Shigemitsu and John Foster Dulles, officially ended the occupation on April 28, 1952.
June 1968: Ogasawara Islands (Bonin and Volcano Islands) and Minamitorishima (Marcus Island) were given to Japan as part of Tokyo prefecture.
June 1971: Okinawa was under US authority until the Okinawa Reversion Agreement.
May 1972: The United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands ended in 1972 and the islands were handed over ot Japan.
Was a civil war in the Dominican Republic.
April 1965: At 2:16 AM the U.S. 3rd Brigade of the 82nd Airborne Division landed at the San Isidro Air Base.
May 1965: On 5 May, the OAS Peace Committee arrived in Santo Domingo, a second definite ceasefire agreement was then signed ending the main phase of the civil war. A day later, OAS members established the Inter-American Peace Force (IAPF) with the goal of serving as a peacekeeping formation in the Dominican Republic.
The United States and a coalition of six Caribbean nations invaded the island nation of Grenada. The invasion was caused by seizure of power by the Revolutionary Military Council.
October 1983: The last pockets of resistance in Grenada are neutralised by U.S. forces.
December 1983: In mid-December, the United States withdrew its troops from Grenada.
Was an U.S. military campaign whose primary purpose was to depose Panama's de facto ruler, General Manuel Noriega, who was wanted by U.S. authorities for racketeering and drug trafficking.
December 1989: U.S. operations began with an attack on strategic installations such as the Punta Paitilla civilian airport (Operation "Nifty Package") in Panama, the Panamanian Defense Force garrison and the Rio Hato airfield, where Noriega had a residence.
December 1989: U.S. forces conquered Fort Amador in the early hours of December 20.
December 1989: The Panama Canal is occupied by U.S. forces and is reopened for daylight operations.
December 1989: Rangers secured Davíd.
January 1990: On January 3, 1990, Panamian dictator Noriega surrendered to US forces.
Initially a series of anti-government protests and revolts across the Arab world, it soon evolved into a series of wars. The wars caused by the revolts are sometimes referred to as the Arab Winter.
20.1.Syrian Civil War
Is an ongoing civil war in Syria between the government (the Syrian Arab Republic) and several factions. The civil war started in 2011 with protests, part of the wider Arab Spring, caused by discontent with the Syrian government.
20.1.1.2024 Syrian opposition offensives
Was a major offensive by a coalition of Syrian revolutionary factions. It eventually resulted in the Fall of the Assad Regime and the Creation of the Syrian transitional government.
December 2024: The US-backed Syrian Free Army (SFA) took control of Palmyra in the southeast of the country.
20.1.2.Homs Governorate Theatre of War
Is the theatre of war in the Homs Governatorate of the Syrian Civil War.
20.1.2.1.Battles in Al-Tanf
Were a series of battles in and around Al-Tanf, in the Homs Governatorate, during the Syrian Civil War.
April 2016: The U.S.-backed New Syrian Army rebel faction captured the al-Tanf post on the Syrian side of the border in early March 2016. Al-Tanf is de facto a United States military base in Syria's Homs Governorate located 24 km west of the al-Tanf border crossing in the Syrian Desert. The surrounding deconfliction zone is located along the Iraq and Jordan-Syria border.
January 1777: Under the command of Commodore Esek Hopkins; US Marines, the US Navy occupied Nassau .
January 1778: The emergence of the Vermont Republic in 1777 forestalled claim of the grant, and Vermont's General Assembly made a grant of the same land in 1785 to William Samuel Johnson, an American founding father and jurist who informally represented Vermont before the Continental Congress and argued for its eventual admission to the federal union.
January 1778: After a few days, the British evacuated the U.S. Marines.
January 1779: The Transylvania Company's purchase was in violation of both Virginia and North Carolina law, as well as the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which prohibited private purchase of American Indian land and the establishment of any non-Crown sanctioned colony. In December 1778, Virginia's Assembly finally declared the Transylvania claim void. In compensation, Henderson and his partners received a grant of 12 square miles (31 km²) on the Ohio River below the mouth of Green River.
March 1784: In 1784, Virginia ceded its claims to the Northwest Territory. The area was then incorporated into the United States' Northwest Territory, which was an unorganized territory at the time.
May 1784: As part of theTreaty of Paris of 1783, Great Britain ceded part of West Florida to the united states.
October 1784: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Stanwix (New York) with the six nations of New York.
January 1785: Iroquois claims relinquished to Great Britain in 1784.
January 1785: The United States and the Iroquois Confederacy signed the treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1784. The Iroquois, led by leaders such as Cornplanter and Red Jacket, ceded a significant portion of their ancestral lands to the newly formed United States. This territory eventually became part of the United States.
January 1785: The United States and the Iroquois, led by Chief Cornplanter, signed the treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1784. The Iroquois Confederacy ceded a large portion of their territory, including present-day western New York, to the United States in exchange for peace and protection.
January 1785: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort McIntosh with the Wyandot, Delaware, Chippewa, and Ottawa.
November 1785: U.S. treaty concluded at Hopewell (South Carolina) with the Cherokee.
January 1786: In the 1780s, Little Turtle and Blue Jacket, headmen of the Wabash Confederacy, allied themselves with a larger, loose confederacy of Native American leaders known as the Northwestern Confederacy, led by leaders such as Joseph Brant and Buckongahelas. This alliance aimed to resist American expansion into Native lands.
July 1787: The region lying west of Pennsylvania, north of the Ohio River, east of the Mississippi River, and south of the Great Lakes, became the Northwest Territory by an Act of Congress in 1787.
September 1788: The U.S. congress set apart 4,000 acres at Shoenbrun on Muskingnum river for Christian Indians.
January 1789: Iroquois claims relinquished to Great Britain in 1788.
April 1790: North Carolina ceded its western half to the federal government.
May 1790: In 1790, the land recently ceded by North Carolina was organized as the Southwest Territory. This territory was governed by William Blount, a prominent politician and land speculator, who played a key role in its development and eventual admission to the Union as the state of Tennessee.
March 1791: U.S. treaty concluded with the Piankishsw and Kaskaskia.
March 1791: Vermont is admitted to the Union.
January 1792: The Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy released the land to Pennsylvania in January 1789 for payments of $2,000 from Pennsylvania and $1,200 from the federal government.The Seneca Nation separately settled land claims against Pennsylvania in February 1791 for the sum of $800.
January 1793: The alliance between the Western Confederacy and the Wabash Confederacy, led by Little Turtle and Blue Jacket, ended in 1792 when the Wabash Confederacy signed a treaty with the United States, ceding their territory to the Northwest Territory.
June 1794: The Trans-Oconee Republic was a short-lived, independent state west of the Oconee River (in the state of Georgia). Established by General Elijah Clarke in May 1794, it was an attempt to head off the new Federal government's ceding of lands claimed by Georgia back to the Creek.
August 1794: Territories conquered by the United States around the time of the Battle of Fallen Timbers, and later formally ceded by the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanees, Ottawas, Chippewas, Pattawatimas, Miamis, Eel Rivers, Weas, Kickapoos,Piankeshaws, and Kaskaskias with the Treaty of Greenville (1795).
October 1794: In September 1794, state and federal troops led by General Elijah Clarke forced him and his followers to surrender and leave the Trans-Oconee Republic settlements. The armed forces destroyed the houses and forts as part of the conflict between the settlers and the USA government.
November 1794: Foundation of the Cherokee Nation under the Treaty of Tellico Blockhouse.
November 1794: U.S. treaty concluded at Konondaigua (New York) with the six nations of New York.
November 1794: The treaty of Canandaigua was signed in 1794 between the United States and the Iroquois Confederacy, represented by leaders such as Cornplanter and Red Jacket. The treaty resulted in the Iroquois ceding a significant portion of their ancestral lands to the Americans, including the territory of Six Nations.
January 1796: The U.S. finally defeated the Indian Western Confederacy at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794 and imposed the Treaty of Greenville, which ceded most of what is now Ohio, part of present-day Indiana, and the lands that include present-day Chicago and Detroit, to the United States federal government.
May 1796: U.S. treaty concluded at New York with the seven nations of Canada that reliquished "to the state of New York all claim to lands within that state".
June 1796: The Southwest Territory was admitted as the sixteenth state, Tennessee.
September 1797: U.S. treaty concluded at Genesee (New York) with the Seneka.
October 1798: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
January 1800: The State of Muskogee was founded in 1799 and led by William Augustus Bowles, a Loyalist veteran of the American Revolutionary War who lived among the Muscogee, and envisioned uniting the American Indians of the Southeast into a single nation that could resist the expansion of the United States.
June 1800: Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve, a strip of land in present-day Ohio, to the federal government in 1800. The territory was then assigned to the Northwest Territory.
July 1800: In 1800, the Northwest Territory was reduced to Ohio, eastern Michigan, and a small portion of southeastern Indiana with the creation of the Indiana Territory. This change was a result of the passage of the Northwest Ordinance and the leadership of Governor Arthur St. Clair.
December 1801: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Adams (Mississippi) with the Choctaw.
April 1802: Georgia ceded its western half, known as the Yazoo Lands, to the federal government. At the same time, the federal government ceded to Georgia the eastern portion of the land previously ceded by South Carolina, though in reality Georgia technically already held title to the land, as the description of the earlier cession was based on an erroneous understanding of geography.
June 1802: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1802: U.S. treaty concluded at Buffalo Creek (New York) with the Seneka.
October 1802: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Confederation on Tombigby River with the Choctaw.
March 1803: The Northwest Territory was a region in the United States that included present-day Ohio. In 1803, Ohio became a state and the remaining portion of the Northwest Territory was added to the Indiana Territory. This change marked the end of the Northwest Territory as a distinct political entity.
March 1803: The southern half of the Northwest Territory, along with a thin sliver of Indiana Territory, was admitted as the seventeenth state, Ohio.
May 1803: The USA captured William Boyles and ended the State of Muskogee.
August 1803: U.S. treaty concluded at Vincennes (Indiana) with the Kaskaskia.
December 1803: "Louisiana Purchase": acquisition of the territory of Louisiana by the United States from France. In return for $15 million, or approximately eighteen dollars per square mile, the United States nominally acquired a total of 828,000 sq mi (2,140,000 km2; 530,000,000 acres). The purchase was completed on December, 20 1803.
August 1804: U.S. treaty concluded at Vincennes (Indiana) with the Delaware.
October 1804: The Orleans Territory was organized from the Louisiana Purchase south of 33° north, with the remainder being designated the District of Louisiana and placed under the jurisdiction of Indiana Territory.
October 1804: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
November 1804: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Louis (Louisiana) with the Sauk and Fox.
June 1805: The Territory of Michigan was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from June 30, 1805, until January 26, 1837, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Michigan. Detroit was the territorial capital.
July 1805: The Treaty of Fort Industry was a successor treaty to the Treaty of Greenville, which moved the eastern boundary of Indian lands in northern Ohio from the Tuscarawas River and Cuyahoga River westward to a line 120 miles west of the Pennsylvania boundary
July 1805: The Territory of Louisiana or Louisiana Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1805, until June 4, 1812, when it was renamed the Missouri Territory.
July 1805: U.S. treaty concluded in the Chickasaw country with the Chickasaw.
August 1805: The Treaty of Grouseland was an agreement negotiated by Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory on behalf of the government of the United States of America with Native American leaders
October 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
October 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
November 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Creek.
November 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Mount Dexter in the Choctaw country with the Choctaw.
December 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Vincennes (Indiana) with the Piankishaw.
January 1806: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Cherokee.
November 1807: The Treaty of Detroit was a treaty between the United States and the Ottawa, Chippewa, Wyandot and Potawatomi Native American nations.
November 1808: The lucrative fur trade stimulated the growth of St. Louis and attracted settlers there. The US and Osage signed their first treaty on November 10, 1808, by which the Osage made a major cession of land in present-day Missouri. Under the Osage Treaty, they ceded 52,480,000 acres (212,400 km2) to the federal government
March 1809: The Territory of Illinois was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 1, 1809.
September 1809: The Treaty of Fort Wayne is an 1809 treaty that obtained 29,719,530 acres Native American land for the settlers of Illinois and Indiana. The negotiations primarily involved the Delaware tribe but included other tribes as well.
December 1809: U.S. treaty concluded with the Kickapoo.
September 1810: The Republic of West Florida declares independence from Spain.
April 1812: Part of the Orleans Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Louisiana.
April 1812: The southeastern remainder of the Orleans Territory became unorganized territory, as it had no definition for a short time.
June 1812: The Territory of Louisiana or Louisiana Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1805, until June 4, 1812, when it was renamed the Missouri Territory.
October 1813: In 1813, American naval officer David Porter founded the colony of Madisonville on the island of Nuku Hiva in the Marquesas Islands.
August 1814: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1816: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Cherokee.
August 1816: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Louis (Missouri Territory) with the Ottawa, Chippewa and Potawatomi.
September 1816: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1816: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1816: U.S. treaty concluded at the Choctaw trading house with the Choctaw.
December 1816: In 1816, the remnant part of the Indiana Territory became the Unorganized Territory. This was a result of the passage of the Enabling Act of 1816, which allowed Indiana to become a state and left the remaining land as unorganized territory. This territory eventually became part of future states such as Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin.
December 1816: The Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Indiana.
December 1816: A small slice of michigan was given to the new state of indiana.
March 1817: In 1817, Alabama Territory was established from the eastern portion of Mississippi Territory.
July 1817: U.S. treaty concluded at the Cherokee agency with the Cherokee.
September 1817: The Treaty of Fort Meigs was the most significant Indian treaty in Ohio since the Treaty of Greenville in 1795, and resulted in cession by the Indians of nearly all remaining Indian lands in northwestern Ohio.
December 1817: The Territory of Mississippi was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from April 7, 1798, until December 10, 1817, when the western half of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Mississippi and the eastern half became the Alabama Territory.
January 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at the Creek ageny on Flint river with the Creek.
August 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Louis (Missouri Territory) with the Quapaw.
September 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Mary's (Ohio) with the Wyandot.
September 1818: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Mary's (Ohio) with the Fotawatomi and the Wea.
October 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Mary's (Ohio) with the Miami.
October 1818: The Treaty of Tuscaloosa was signed in October, 1818, and ratified by congress in January 1819. It was one of a series of treaties made between the Chickasaw Indians and the United States that year. It resulted in the acquisition of the Jackson Purchase
October 1818: The Convention of 1818 established the 49th parallel north west of the Lake of the Woods as the U.S. border with British-held lands.
December 1818: In 1818, the portions of the Illinois Territory north of the future state boundary were transferred to the Michigan Territory. This decision was made by President James Monroe and Congress, as part of the process of defining state borders and territories in the expanding United States.
December 1818: The Territory of Illinois was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 1, 1809, until December 3, 1818, when the southern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Illinois.
December 1818: The unorganized territory that was recently part of Indiana Territory, was assigned to Michigan Territory.
February 1819: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Cherokee.
July 1819: The Territory of Arkansas, officially the Territory of Arkansaw, and commonly known as the Arkansas Territory or the Arkansaw Territory (A. T. or Ar. T.), was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1819, to June 15, 1836, when the final extent of Arkansas Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Arkansas.
July 1819: U.S. treaty concluded at Edwardsville (Illinois) with the Kickapoo.
September 1819: Native Americans ceded a large tract of land (more than six million acres (24,000 km²) in the central portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan
December 1819: The Territory of Mississippi was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from April 7, 1798, until December 10, 1817, when the western half of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Mississippi and the eastern half became the Alabama Territory until its admittance to the Union as the State of Alabama on December 14, 1819.
January 1820: The Adams-Onís Treaty between the United States and Spain defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain.
April 1820: In 1820, the name "Arkansas Territory" was officially used instead of "Arkansaw Territory." This change was made during the administration of Governor James Miller, who was appointed by President James Monroe. The spelling was altered to reflect the correct pronunciation of the state's name.
July 1820: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1820: U.S. treaty concluded at Vincennes (Indiana) with the Wea.
October 1820: The Treaty of Doak's Stand (7 Stat. 210, also known as Treaty with the Choctaw) was signed on October 18, 1820 (proclaimed on January 8, 1821) between the United States and the Choctaw Indian tribe. Based on the terms of the accord, the Choctaw agreed to give up approximately one-half of their remaining Choctaw homeland.
January 1821: U.S. treaty concluded with the Creek.
August 1821: The southeastern corner of Missouri Territory was admitted as the twenty-fourth state, Missouri, in 1821. This event was significant as it marked the expansion of the United States and the establishment of Missouri as a state.
August 1821: In 1821, the southeastern corner of Missouri Territory was admitted as the twenty-fourth state, Missouri, while the rest of the territory became unorganized Territory.
August 1821: U.S. treaty concluded at Chicago (Illinois) with the Ottawa, Chippewa and Potawatomi.
September 1821: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1822: In December 1821, Liberia acquired Cape Mesurado, a 58-km-long strip of land near present-day Monrovia, from the indigenous ruler King Peter.
February 1822: The Adams-Onís Treaty was signed between the United States and Spain, with John Quincy Adams representing the U.S. and Luis de Onís representing Spain. The treaty established the border between Spanish Texas and the United States at the Sabine River, leading to the transfer of the territory to the USA in 1822.
March 1822: The Territory of Florida was established in 1822, with William Pope Duval serving as the first governor. It was a significant step towards Florida eventually becoming a state in 1845.
May 1824: In 1824, the westernmost portion of the Arkansas Territory was removed and became part of the Unorganized Territory.
June 1824: In 1824, Michigan Territory gained a large parcel of land from unorganized territory, extending west to the Missouri River and White Earth River.
August 1824: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Iowa, Sauk and Fox.
November 1824: U.S. treaty concluded at Harrington's (Arkansas Territory) with the Quapaw.
January 1825: In 1824 the colony of New Georgia was founded.
January 1825: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Choctaw.
June 1825: The Osages ceded their traditional lands across Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma to the U.S.A. in the treaties of 1818 and 1825
June 1825: U.S. treaty concluded at st. Louis (Missouri) with the Kansas.
November 1825: After the Treaty of St. Louis in 1825, the 1,400 Missouri Shawnee were forcibly relocated from Cape Girardeau along the west bank of the Mississippi River to southeastern Kansas, close to the Neosho River.
January 1826: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Creek.
October 1826: U.S. treaty concluded near the mouth of Mississinew river on the Wabash with the Potawatomi.
July 1827: The Republic of Madawaska (French: République du Madawaska) was a putative republic in the northwest corner of Madawaska County, New Brunswick (also known as the "New Brunswick Panhandle") and adjacent areas of Aroostook County in the US state of Maine and of Quebec.
August 1827: U.S. treaty concluded at the Butte des Morts, on Fox river in Michigan Territory with the Chippewa, Menonini and Winnebago.
September 1827: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Joseph (Michigan Territory) with the Potawatomi.
September 1827: The Republic of Madawaska is ended by U.S. and British authorities and its founder, John Baker, arrested.
November 1827: U.S. treaty concluded with the Creek.
February 1828: U.S. treaty concluded at the Wyandet village near the Wabash in Indiana with the Eel river or Thorntown party of the Miami Indians.
May 1828: A westernmost portion of Arkansas, known as the "Cherokee Outlet", was removed on May 6, 1828, reducing the territory to the extent of the present state of Arkansas.
May 1828: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Cherokee nation west of Mississippi river.
August 1828: U.S. treaty concluded at Green Bay (Michigan Territory) with the Winnebago and united tribes of Potawatomi, Chippewa and Ottawa.
September 1828: U.S. treaty concluded at a missionary establishment upon the St. Joseph of lake Michigan (Michigan territory) with the Potawatomi.
January 1829: Kentucky in Africa was a colony settled by freed African-American slaves in present-day Montserrado County, Liberia.
July 1829: U.S. treaty concluded at Prairie du Chien (Michigan Territory) with the Potawatomi, Chippewa, and Ottawa.
August 1829: U.S. treaty concluded at Prairie du Chien (Michigan Territory) with the Winnabago.
August 1829: U.S. treaty concluded at Little Sanddusky (Ohio) with the Delaware-
July 1830: U.S. treaty concluded at Prairie du Chien (Michigan Territory) with the Sauk and Fox, Medewakanton, Wahpekuta, Wahpeton and Sieseton bands of Sioux, Omaha, Iowa, Oto and Missouri.
September 1830: U.S. treaty concluded at Dancing Rabbit Creek (Mississippi) with the Choctaw.
February 1831: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Menomini.
February 1831: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Seneka of Sandusky river.
August 1831: U.S. treaty concluded at Wapaghkonnetta (Ohio) with the Shawnee.
August 1831: U.S. treaty concluded at Miami bay of Lake Erie with the Ottawa.
January 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at McCutcheonsville (Ohio)
March 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Creek.
May 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Payne's Landing (Florida) with the Seminole.
July 1832: The Indian Stream assembly, led by Luther Parker and Thomas Straw, declared independence from both the United States and Canada on July 9, 1832. They produced a constitution for the newly formed Republic of Indian Stream in the disputed territory along the border of New Hampshire and Canada.
August 1832: Eastern Iowa, originally owned by the Sauk, Meskwaki (Fox), and Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) Native American people, was acquired by treaty following their defeat by the United States in the Black Hawk War.
September 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Rock Armstrong (Illinois) with the Winnebago.
September 1832: Indian Treaty signed in the aftermath of the Black Hawk War
October 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Tallahassee with the Appalachicola.
October 1832: U.S. treaties concluded with the Potawatomi and Chickasaw.
October 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Castor Hill (Missouri) with the Kickapoo.
October 1832: U.S. treaties concluded with the Potawatomi, Shawnee and Delaware.
October 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Tippacanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
January 1833: The Bassa Cove colony was prepared by the Pennsylvania and New York Colonization Society, led by Quakers. It was officially incorporated in December 1832 at Port Cresson in what is now County Grand Bassa, Liberia.
January 1833: Founding of the Edina colony in modern-day Liberia 1832 by another company from Pennsylvania and New York.
February 1833: U.S. treaty concluded at the Maumee (Ohio) with the Ottawa.
June 1833: U.S. treaty concluded at pope's Fayette county (Florida territory) with the Appalachicola and certain chiefs and warriors party of Florida.
September 1833: U.S. treaty concluded at Oto village on the Platte with the Oto and Missouri.
September 1833: The second Treaty of Chicago granted the United States government all land west of Lake Michigan to Lake Winnebago in modern-day Wisconsin. The treaty included lands that are part of modern-day Illinois, as well. The treaty Native Americans (Potowatomi) in return received promises of various cash payments and tracts of land west of the Mississippi River.
September 1833: U.S. treaty concluded at Chichago (Illinois) with the Chippewa, Ottawa and Potawatomi.
October 1833: U.S. treaty concluded at Grand Pawnee village on Platte river with the confederated bands of Pawnees.
February 1834: New Maryland was first settled in 1834 by freed African-American slaves and freeborn African Americans primarily from the U.S. state of Maryland, under the auspices of the Maryland State Colonization Society.
October 1834: U.S. treaty concluded at Forks of the Wabash (Indiana) with the Miami.
December 1834: U.S. treaty concluded at a camp on Tippecanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
December 1834: U.S. treaty concluded at Logansport (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
July 1835: U.S. treaty concluded at the Caddo agency of Louisiana with the Caddo.
August 1835: In 1835, the Republic of Indian Stream was annexed by New Hampshire, ending a territorial dispute. The Republic was a small, independent community located between Canada and the United States.
December 1835: Treaty of New Echota: the entire Cherokee Nation ceded its territory in the southeast and agreed to move west to the Indian Territory.
December 1835: U.S. treaty concluded at New Echota (Georgia) with the Cherokee.
January 1836: The Mississippi in Africa colony was founded in 1835 by the "Mississippi and Louisiana State Colonization Societies". The Mississippi in Africa Colony was founded in 1835 by the Mississippi and Louisiana State Colonization Societies. This colony was located in present-day County Sinoe and had Greenville as its capital.
March 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Turkey Creek Prairie (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
March 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Ottawa and Chippewa.
March 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Tippacanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
April 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Tippacanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
April 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at the Indian agency of Indiana with the Potawatomi.
April 1836: U.S. treaty concluded with the Wyandot tribe in Ohio.
May 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Swan-creek and Black-river bands of the Chippewa.
June 1836: The Territory of Arkansas, officially the Territory of Arkansaw, and commonly known as the Arkansas Territory or the Arkansaw Territory (A. T. or Ar. T.), was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1819, to June 15, 1836, when the final extent of Arkansas Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Arkansas.
July 1836: The Territory of Wisconsin was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 3, 1836.
August 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at the Yellow river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
September 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Cedar Point on Fox river (Wisconsin territory).
September 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Chippewanaung (Indiana) with the Potawatomi bands of To-i-sa's brother Me-mat-way and Che-quaw-ka-ko.
September 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Chippewanaung (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
September 1836: U.S. treaty concluded with the Sauk and Fox.
January 1837: The Cherokee Outlet, or Cherokee Strip, was located in what is now the state of Oklahoma in the United States. It was a sixty-mile (97 km) wide parcel of land south of the Oklahoma-Kansas border between the 96th and 100th meridians. The Cherokee Outlet was created in 1836.
January 1837: U.S. treaty concluded at Detroit (Michigan) with the Saginaw tribe of the Chippewa nation.
January 1837: The Territory of Michigan was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from June 30, 1805, until January 26, 1837, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Michigan. Detroit was the territorial capital.
March 1837: The Platte Purchase transferred some land from unorganized territory to northwest Missouri, extending its northern border west to the Missouri.
July 1837: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Peter's (Wisconsin territory) with the Chippewa.
September 1837: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Sioux.
October 1837: An agreement was reached in 1836 with the chiefs Mahaska and No Heart of the Ioway tribe and leaders of the combined Sac and Fox tribes in a ceremony at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas that was presided by William Clark, then the Superintendent of Indian Affairs and based in St. Louis. The Senate approved the treaty on February 15, 1837. On March 28, 1837, President Martin Van Buren issued a proclamation supporting the annexation. In October 1837, the Missouri General Assembly accepted the land and placed it all initially in the newly created Platte County
November 1837: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Winnebago.
January 1838: In 1837, the connection between Edina, a settlement in present-day Colorado, and the neighboring colony of Bassa Cove in Liberia was completed. This connection was significant as it facilitated trade and communication between the two colonies, contributing to their economic and social development.
January 1838: U.S. treaty concluded at Buffalo Creek (New York) with several tribes of New York.
July 1838: The Territory of Iowa was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1838, until December 28, 1846, when the southeastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Iowa.
November 1838: U.S. treaty concluded at Forks of the Wabash (Indiana) with the Miami.
January 1839: The colony of Liberia became Commonwealth of Liberia in 1838.
April 1839: The colony of New Georgia, founded by the American Colonization Society, was united with Liberia on April 1, 1839.
April 1839: On April 1, 1839, Bassa Cove was incorporated into the Commonwealth of Liberia.
September 1839: U.S. treaty concluded at Stockbridge (Wisconsin) with the Sockbridge and Munsee.
January 1840: The Trail of Tears was the forced relocation of approximately 60,000 Native Americans in the United States from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to the Cherokee territory in Oklahoma.
January 1840: Mississippi in Africa joined the Commonwealth of Liberia.
November 1840: U.S. treaty concluded at Forks of the Wabash (Indiana) with the Miami.
March 1842: U.S. treaty concluded at Upper Sandusky (Ohio) with the Wyandot.
October 1842: U.S. treaty concluded at La Pointe of Lake Superior (Wisconsin territory) with the Chippewa.
October 1842: U.S. treaty concluded at the Sauka dn Fox agency of Iowa with the Sauk and Fox.
December 1842: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1843: Kentucky in Africa was annexed by Liberia about 1842.
March 1845: The Territory of Florida was admitted to the Union as the state of Florida.
December 1845: In 1845, Congress admitted Texas to the U.S. as a constituent state of the Union. This decision was a result of negotiations led by President James K. Polk and Texas President Anson Jones, following Texas' annexation from the Republic of Texas.
January 1846: U.S. treaty concluded at the Methodist mission in the Kansas country with the Kansa.
January 1846: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1846: The Oregon Treaty is a treaty between Great Britain and the United States that was signed on June 15, 1846, in Washington, D.C.. The treaty brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute by settling competing American and British claims to the Oregon Country.
October 1846: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Winnebago.
December 1846: In 1846, the portion of Iowa Territory south of 43°30′ north and east of the Big Sioux River was admitted as the twenty-ninth state, Iowa. The remaining territory became unorganized, with no established government or boundaries.
December 1846: The portion of Iowa Territory south of 43°30′ north and east of the Big Sioux River was admitted as the twenty-ninth state, Iowa. The remainder became unorganized territory.
July 1847: Liberia's Declaration of Independence was drafted by Hilary Teague, a member of the American Colonization Society from the United States, and was ratified on July 16, 1847.
May 1848: On May 29, 1848, an eastern portion of the Wisconsin Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin. What remained of the Wisconsin territory became Unorganized Territory.
May 1848: On May 29, 1848, an eastern portion of the Wisconsin Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin.
August 1848: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Childs on Grand Island with the Pawnee.
August 1848: The Territory of Oregon was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from August 14, 1848, until February 14, 1859, when the southwestern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Oregon.
October 1848: U.S. treaty concluded at Lake Pow-aw-hay Kou-nay (Wisconsin) with the Menomini,
November 1848: U.S. treaty concluded at Stockbridge (Wisconsin) with the Sockbridge.
January 1849: In 1848, Beaver Island became the headquarters of the Strangite Kingdom, led by James J. Strang, who proclaimed himself as the "King Strang" and ruled over the Mormon colony on the island. The Strangite Mormon Church was a sect that broke away from the main Mormon Church.
March 1849: The Minnesota Territory was organized.
April 1849: In 1849, the border between California and the Utah Territory was defined by geographical coordinates that were not surveyed. On April 26, 1856, local residents took advantage of this ambiguity and justified their resistance to tax collectors from Plumas County, California, by proclaiming themselves part of a new "Territory of Nataqua." .
April 1850: The secession of the Great Republic of Rough and Ready in 1850 was led by the residents of the mining town in California, including Colonel E.F. Brundage and Captain A.A. Townsend. They declared independence to avoid paying high mining taxes imposed by the state government.
July 1850: In 1850, the Great Republic of Rough and Ready rejoined the Union after being an independent territory. This decision was made following the signing of the Compromise of 1850, which resolved several issues related to the expansion of slavery in the United States.
September 1850: In 1850, the US Congress organized the portion of land north of 37° north and west of the Rocky Mountains as Utah Territory. This decision was made as part of the Compromise of 1850, which aimed to address the issue of slavery in newly acquired territories.
September 1850: In 1850, California was admitted as the thirty-first state of the USA.
December 1850: In 1850, part of the Minnesota Territory became unorganized. This change was a result of the signing of the Minnesota Enabling Act by President Millard Fillmore and the subsequent organization of the Minnesota Territory.
December 1850: As part of the Compromise of 1850, the remaining unorganized territory from the Mexican Cession was added to the New Mexico Territory.
December 1850: The federal government purchased the western claims of Texas from Santa Anna. New Mexico Territory was organized from the part of this land east of the Rio Grande, with James S. Calhoun appointed as the first territorial governor.
December 1850: In 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850, a portion of the territories of Texas was transferred to the Utah Territory.
January 1851: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1851: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Si-yan-te, Po-to-yan-ti, Co-co-noon, Apang-asse, Aplache and A-wall-a-che.
April 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Ta-che, Cah-wia, Yo-kol, To-lum-ne, Wic-chum-ne, Hol-cu-ma, To-e-ne-che, Tu-huc-mach, In-tim-peach, Choi-nuck, We-mil-che, and No-to-no-to to reserve a tract between Chowchilla and Cab-wia rivers.
May 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Ta-che, Cah-wia, Yo-kol, To-lum-ne, Wic-chum-ne, Hol-cu-ma, To-e-ne-che, Tu-huc-mach, In-tim-peach, Choi-nuck, We-mil-che, and No-to-no-to to reserve a tract between Chowchilla and Cab-wia rivers.
May 1851: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the I-o-no-hum-ne, We-chil-la, Su-ca-ah, Co-to-plan-e-nee, Chap-pah-sim, and Sage-wom-nee to reserve a tract on Stanislaus river.
June 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Chu-nute, Wo-wol, Yo-lum-ne, and Co-ye-tie to 1. Reserve a tract for Chu-nute and Wo-wol tribes between Tulare and Buena Vista lakes. And 2. Reserve a tract for Yo-lum-ne and Co-ye-tie tribes between Tule river, Paint creek, Emigrant road, and Sierra Nevadas..
June 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Cas-take, Te-jon, San Im-iri, Uva, Car-i-se, Buena Vista, Se-na-hu-ow, Ho-lo-cla-me, So-ho-nut, To-ci-a, and Hol-mi-uk to reserve a tract between Tejon pass and Kern river and to cede all claim to territory outside of reserved tract.
July 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Das-pia, Ya-ma-do, Yol-la-mer, Wai-de-pa-can, On-o-po-ma, Mon-e-da, Wan-nuck, Nem-shaw, Be-no-pi, and Ya-cum-na to reserve a tract between Bear and Yuba rivers and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
July 1851: U.S. treaty concluded at Traverse des Sioux, Minnesota with the Sioux (Sisseton and Wahpeton bands).
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Mi-chop-da, Es-ki-un, Ho-lo-lu-pi, Toto, Su-nu, Che-no, Bat-si, Yut-duc, and Sim-sa-wa to reserve a tract on Feather river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Noe-ma-noe-ma, Y-lac-ca, and Noi-me-noi-me to reserve a tract on Sacramento river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Ca-la-na-po, Ha-bi-na-po, Da-no-ha-bo, Mo-al-kai, Checom, How-ku-ma, Cha-nel-kai, and Me-dam-a-rec to reserve a tract on Clear lake and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Sai-nell, Yu-ki-as, Mas-su-ta-ka-ya, and Po-mo to cede all claim to territory and agree to remove to Clear lake reserve.
September 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Co-lu, Wil-lay, Co-ha-ma, Tat-nah, Cha, Doc-duc, Cham-et-ko, and Toc-de to reserve a tract on Sacramento river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
September 1851: The Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 was signed on September 17, 1851 between United States treaty commissioners and representatives of the Cheyenne, Sioux, Arapaho, Crow, Assiniboine, Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nations.
September 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Cu-lee, Yas-see, Lo-clum-ne, and Wo-pum-ne to reserve a tract on Consumnes river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
September 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Cu-lee, Yas-see, Lo-clum-ne, and Wo-pum-ne to reserve a tract on Consumnes river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
October 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Poh-lik, or Lower Klamath, Pehtuck, or Upper Klamath, and Hoo-pah, or Trinity river to reserve a tract on Klamath river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
November 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the O-de-i-lah, I-ka-ruck, Ko-se-tah, I-da-kar-i-waka-ha, Wat-sa-he-wa, and E-eh to reserve a tract on the upper Klamath river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
March 1853: Washington Territory split off .
September 1853: U.S. treaty with the Tejon, Castake, San Imirio to create a reserve called Tejon Pass.
September 1853: U.S. treaty concluded at Table Rock, Oregon territory with the Rogue River Indians.
September 1853: U.S. treaty concluded at Cow Creek, Oregon territory with the Umpqua (Cow Creek band).
March 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Omaha.
May 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Delaware.
May 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Shawnee.
May 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Iowa.
May 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1854: New Maryland declared its independence under the name Maryland in Liberia.
May 1854: The Territory of Kansas was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854.
May 1854: The Territory of Nebraska was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854, until March 1, 1867, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Nebraska.
May 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Kaskaskia, Peoria, Piankishaw and Wea.
June 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Miami.
June 1854: Antonio López de Santa Anna signed a treaty with James Gadsden, the U.S. Ambassador to Mexico, which involved the sale of an area of 76,845 square kilometres from the states of Sonora and Chihuahua to the United States for $10 million. This treaty became known as the Gadsden Purchase.
August 1854: The recently obtained Gadsden Purchase was assigned to New Mexico Territory.
September 1854: U.S. treaty concluded with the Nome Lackee, Nome Cult, Nir-muck, et al. to establish a reserve called Nome Lackee.
September 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at La Pointe, Wisconsin with the Chippewa of lake Superior and the Mississippi.
November 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1855: U.S. treaty concluded at Point Elliott, Washington territory, with the Dwamish, Suquamish and other allied tribes.
January 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1855: U.S. treaty concluded at Camp Stevens, Washington territory, with the Walla-walla, Cayuse and Umatilla.
June 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1855: U.S. treaty concluded at Hell Gate (Montana territory) with the Flathead, Kootenay, and Upper Pend d'Oreille.
August 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1856: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1856: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1856: James Strang was a religious leader who founded the Strangite Kingdom on Beaver Island in Lake Michigan. After Strang was assassinated in 1856, mobs from nearby islands expelled his followers, and the territory was reclaimed by the USA.
August 1856: The United States took possession of theBaker island in 1857, claiming it under the Guano Islands Act of 1856.
August 1856: Howland Island was uninhabited when the United States took possession of it under the Guano Islands Act of 1856.
August 1856: The American Guano Company, which was incorporated in 1857, established claims in respect of Baker Island and Jarvis Island which was recognized under the U.S. Guano Islands Act of 1856.
January 1857: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1857: Maryland in Liberia was a colony founded by free African Americans. In 1857, it was annexed by the Republic of Liberia, a country established by freed American slaves.
June 1857: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1857: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1858: In 1858 the Ponca signed a treaty by which they gave up parts of their land to the United States in return for protection from hostile tribes and a permanent reservation home on the Niobrara
April 1858: In 1858, William Parker and R. F. Ryan chartered the schooner Palestine specifically to find Johnston Atoll. They located guano on the atoll in March 1858 and proceeded to claim the island.
April 1858: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Yankton Sioux.
May 1858: In 1858, after the Minnesota Territory was admitted as a state, the remaining land became unorganized territory.
May 1858: The eastern half of Minnesota Territory was admitted as the thirty-second state, Minnesota, on May 11, 1858. This event was significant as it marked the official establishment of Minnesota as a state within the United States of America.
June 1858: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1858: Haiti protested the annexation, but on July 7, 1858, U.S. President James Buchanan issued an Executive Order upholding the American claim, which also called for military action to enforce it. Navassa Island has since been maintained by the United States as an unincorporated .
February 1859: The Territory of Oregon was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from August 14, 1848, until February 14, 1859, when the southwestern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Oregon.
February 1859: The remaining eastern portion of the territory (the portions in present-day southern Idaho and western Wyoming) was added to the Washington Territory.
April 1859: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1859: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1859: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1859: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1859: The Territory of Jefferson was an extralegal and unrecognized United States territory that existed from October 24, 1859.
November 1859: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1860: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1861: Kingman Reef was claimed in 1860 by the United States Guano Company, under the name "Danger Reef".
January 1861: After Kansas was admitted as a state in 1861, the remaining territories became unorganized territory.
January 1861: On January 29, 1861, the eastern portion of the Kansas Territory was admitted to the Union as the free state of Kansas.
February 1861: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1861: Colorado Territory established on part of the territories of New Mexico and Utah.
February 1861: The Territory of Colorado was created to govern the western region of the former Kansas Territory on February 28, 1861. This decision was made by President James Buchanan as part of the efforts to organize the western territories and address the growing population in the area.
February 1861: The Territory of Jefferson ceased to exist when the Colorado Territory was created on February 28, 1861.
March 1861: Nebraska Territory's western border was moved to 27° west from Washington, gaining small portions of Utah Territory and Washington Territory.
March 1861: In 1861, Nevada Territory was organized from Utah Territory west of 39° west from Washington. This was done through the efforts of Abraham Lincoln, who signed the bill into law, and James W. Nye, who became the first Governor of Nevada Territory.
March 1861: In 1861, Dakota Territory was organized from Nebraska Territory. This decision was made by President James Buchanan and Secretary of State William H. Seward, in response to the increasing population and demand for separate territorial status in the region.
March 1861: Creation of Dakota Territory.
March 1861: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Wise, Kansas territory, with the Arapaho and Cheyenne of Upper Arkansas.
October 1861: The U.S. presidents sets apart Uintah valley, Utah, for various bands of Uintah Uta.
November 1861: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1861: In 1861, the Confederate States of America ratified treaties with the Osage, Seneca, and Shawnee tribes in what is now Oklahoma. The treaties were negotiated by Confederate Commissioner Albert Pike and aimed to secure alliances with Native American tribes during the Civil War.
December 1861: In 1861, the Confederate States ratified treaties with the Cherokee and Seminole tribes, granting them representation in the Confederate Congress. This move aimed to secure the support of Native American tribes during the American Civil War.
December 1861: The Confederate States ratified treaties with the Choctaw and Chickasaw, granting them a delegate in the Congress of the Confederate States; with the Comanche; with the Creek, granting them a delegate to be shared with the Seminole; and the Quapaw.
January 1862: In March 1861, Congress created the official Territory of Nevada, with the Honey Lake Valley and the area to its north included within its provisional bounds. Later that year, Lake County was formed encompassing the area of the Nataqua Territory.
April 1862: New Orleans was captured April 29, 1862 by a combined Army-Navy force under U.S. Flag Officer David Farragut and Major General Benjamin Butler during the American Civil War. The city's fall was a significant victory for the Union, as it gave them control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two.
June 1862: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1862: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1862: The slice of Utah Territory west of 38° west from Washington was transferred to Nevada Territory.
February 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1863: Arizona Territory was organized from the half of New Mexico Territory west of 32° west from Washington.
March 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1863: In 1863, the eastern half of Washington Territory, including areas east of the Snake River and a line north from the mouth of the Clearwater River, was transferred to the newly created Idaho Territory.
March 1863: In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed the bill organizing Idaho Territory, which included parts of Dakota Territory and Nebraska Territory. This move was in response to the increasing population and the need for better governance in the region.
June 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1864: In 1864, Montana Territory was organized from the northeast third of Idaho Territory. This decision was made by President Abraham Lincoln and Secretary of State William H. Seward, in order to better govern the rapidly growing population in the region.
May 1864: The southeast third of Idaho Territory was transferred to Dakota Territory.
July 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1864: The Territory of Nevada was established during the American Civil War. Abraham Lincoln signed the bill creating the territory, and James W. Nye was appointed as the first governor. Nevada's rapid statehood was due to its silver mines and strategic importance for the Union during the war.
March 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1865: The Free State of Jones was a region in Mississippi led by Newton Knight, a Confederate deserter. After the Civil War, the county was renamed Davis County in honor of Jefferson Davis, but the name was changed back to Jones County four years later.
December 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1866: The American Trading Company of Borneo was a chartered company formed by Joseph William Torrey, Thomas Bradley Harris together with several Chinese investors shortly after the acquisition over a parcel of land in northern Borneo from the Sultanate of Brunei.
March 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1866: The slice of Utah Territory west of 37° west from Washington was transferred to Nevada.
June 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1867: The northwestern corner of Arizona Territory, west of the Colorado River and 37° west from Washington, was transferred to Nevada.
February 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1867: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C., with the Seneka, Mixed Seneka, and Shawnee, Quapaw, Peoria, Kaskaskia, Piankishaw, Wea, Ottawa of Blanchard's fork and Roche de Boeuf, and certain Wyandot.
February 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1867: Nebraska Territory was admitted as the thirty-seventh state, Nebraska, in 1867. This event was significant as it marked the official establishment of Nebraska as a state within the United States.
March 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1867: Captain William Reynolds of USS Lackawanna formally took possession of the Midway Atoll for the United States.
October 1867: The purchase of Alaska for $7.2 million in 1867 ended Imperial Russia's colonial presence in the Americas. The negotiation was led by US Secretary of State William Seward and Russian Minister to the US Edouard de Stoeckl. The territory was then transferred to the Department of Alaska.
October 1867: The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867
November 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1868: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1868: Indian cession with the Treaty of Fort Laramie (April 29, 1868).
May 1868: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1868: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1868: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1868: The Wyoming Territory was organized from portions of Dakota, Idaho, and Utah Territories.
July 1868: The U.S. Congress discontinues the Smith River reservation in California and provides for the removal of Indians to Hoope valley and Round valley reservations.
July 1869: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1869: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1869: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1869: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1870: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1870: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1870: Following the American Civil War and victory of the Union, the Drum Creek Treaty was passed by Congress July 15, 1870 during the Reconstruction era and ratified by the Osage at a meeting in Montgomery County, Kansas, on September 10, 1870. It provided that the remainder of Osage land in Kansas be sold and the proceeds used to relocate the tribe to Indian Territory in the Cherokee Outlet
April 1872: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1872: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1872: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1872: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1872: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1876: Colorado Territory was admitted as the thirty-eighth state, Colorado.
August 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1878: In 1877, the territory on the western coast of northern Borneo, previously owned by the American Trading Company of Borneo, was transferred to Overbeck, a British businessman who later became the first British Consul in North Borneo. This marked the beginning of British influence in the region.
May 1878: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1878: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1878: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1878: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1879: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1879: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1879: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1880: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1880: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1880: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1880: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1880: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1881: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1881: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1881: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1882: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1882: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1882: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1882: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1883: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1883: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1883: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1883: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1883: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1884: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1884: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1884: In 1884, the Department of Alaska was reorganized as the District of Alaska.
May 1884: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1884: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1884: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1884: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1886: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1886: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1886: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1886: The U.S. President establishes a reservation for Chehalis Indians in lieu of reserve set apart by Executive order of July 8, 1864.
February 1887: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1888: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1888: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1889: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1889: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1889: Washington Territory was admitted as the forty-second state, Washington.
November 1889: The Dakota Territory was split in half along the "seventh standard parallel north", a few miles south of 46° north, and admitted as the thirty-ninth state, North Dakota, and the fortieth state, South Dakota.
November 1889: Montana Territory was admitted as the forty-first state, Montana, in 1889. This event marked the official incorporation of the territory into the United States of America.
November 1889: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1890: Western half of Indian Territory, except for the Cherokee Outlet, becomes part of the Oklahoma territory.
May 1890: Oklahoma Territory was organized.
July 1890: In 1890, Idaho Territory was admitted as the forty-third state, Idaho. This was a significant event in the history of the United States, marking the official establishment of Idaho as a state. The territory had been governed by various officials, including territorial governors like George Laird Shoup and Norman B. Willey, before achieving statehood.
July 1890: Wyoming Territory was admitted as the forty-fourth state, Wyoming.
March 1891: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1892: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1892: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1893: Per a treaty with the Cherokee, the federal government purchased the Cherokee Outlet in the Indian Territory and opened it to settlement, transferring it to Oklahoma Territory as provided in the Oklahoma Organic Act.
January 1896: Utah Territory was admitted as the forty-fifth state, Utah.
August 1898: The Republic of Hawaiʻi was a short-lived one-party state in Hawaiʻi between July 4, 1894, when the Provisional Government of Hawaii had ended, and August 12, 1898, when it became annexed by the United States as an organized incorporated territory of the United States.
January 1899: Under orders from President William McKinley, Commander Edward D. Taussig of USS Bennington landed on Wake and formally took possession of the island for the United States.
May 1902: In 1902, U.S. forces withdrew from most of Cuba, which remained a de facto protectorate. They left a military base at Guantanamo Bay, which continues to operate today.
July 1902: The U.S. Congress passed the Philippines Organic Act that established the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands, an unincorporated territory of the United States.
April 1903: The Republic of Zamboanga was Occupied by the United States.
October 1903: The Alaska boundary dispute between Canada and the United States was resolved in favour of the United States claim.
November 1907: Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory were combined and admitted as the forty-sixth state, Oklahoma.
January 1912: New Mexico Territory was admitted as the forty-seventh state, New Mexico.
February 1912: Arizona Territory was admitted as the forty-eighth state, Arizona.
August 1912: The District of Alaska became the Alaska Territory.
March 1917: The Danish West Indies were eventually sold for 25 million dollars to the United States, which took over the administration on 31 March 1917, renaming the islands the United States Virgin Islands.
June 1934: The Cuban-American Treaty of Relations took effect on June 9, 1934. It abrogated the Treaty of Relations of 1903, so the island ceased to be a U.S. Protectorate.
February 1935: The Commonwealth of the Philippines was designed as a transitional administration in preparation for the country's full achievement of independence. Its foreign affairs remained managed by the United States.
January 1945: The island of Clipperton was briefly occupied by the US from 1944-1945.
January 1946: The island of Clipperton was abandoned by the end of World War II after being briefly occupied by the US.
July 1946: The independent Republic of the Philippines is proclaimed.
July 1947: Palau passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 21.
January 1959: Alaska was granted statehood on January 3, 1959.
August 1959: Hawaiʻi was admitted as a U.S. state on August 21, 1959.
August 1959: When Hawaii was admitted to the United States in 1959, Palmyra was explicitly separated from the new state, remaining a federal incorporated territory.
January 1981: The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands became the Republic of Palau on 1 January 1981.
October 1986: On October 21, 1986, the U.S. ended its administration of the Marshall Islands District.
November 1986: The termination of U.S. administration of the Chuuk, Yap, Kosrae, Pohnpei, and the Mariana Islands districts of the TTPI soon followed on November 3, 1986.
November 1986: The Northern Mariana Islands came under U.S. sovereignty and the islanders became US citizens.
October 1994: Having voted against joining the Federated States of Micronesia in 1979, the islands gained full sovereignty in 1994 under a Compact of Free Association with the United States.
December 1999: The Panama Canal Zone was gradually reverted to Panama , from the 1 of October of 1979 until 31 of December of 1999 , in compliance with Article I of the Treaty of the Panama Canal.
Selected Sources
1861-1865 - The Civil War 1861-1865. Perry-Castañeda Library
5 Nations Cession. Wikipedia. 9 October 2012. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:5NationsCession.jpg
Battle History. Gettysburg Pensylvania Historic Crossroads. Retrieved on 5 April 2024 on https://www.gettysburgpa.gov/history/slideshows/battle-history
Battle of Adairsville. National Park Service. Retrieved on 31 March 2024 on https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battles-detail.htm?battleCode=GA009
Beers, Henry Putney (1986). The Confederacy: A Guide to the Archives of the Government of the Confederate States of America. Washington, DC: NARA. p. 329
Cannon, M. H. (1993): Leyte: The return to the Philippines, Washington D.C. (USA), p. 278
Cannon, M. H. (1993): Leyte: The return to the Philippines, Washington D.C. (USA), p. 329
Cannon, M. H. (1993): Leyte: The return to the Philippines, Washington D.C. (USA), p. 348
Cannon, M. H. (1993): Leyte: The return to the Philippines, Washington D.C. (USA), p. 355
Cannon, M. H. (1993): Leyte: The return to the Philippines, Washington D.C. (USA), p. 356
Carsted, F: The Siege of Fort Erie 1814. The War of 1812 Website. Retrieved on 3 April on https://www.warof1812.ca/forterie.htm.
Colton, Ray Charles (1985). The Civil War in the Western Territories. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 122–123.
Declaration of Independence of the United States of America, https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript
Elting, John R. (1995). Amateurs to Arms. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 323.
Flaherty, M.: California and the Civil War - The California Column and the March to Tucson, 1862. Military Museum. Retrieved on 5 April 2024 on https://www.militarymuseum.org/CaliforniaColumn.html
Fleming, T. (2005): New Jersey in the American Revolution. Rivergate Books, Rutgers University Press, pp. 174-175
Fleming, T. (2005): New Jersey in the American Revolution. Rivergate Books, Rutgers University Press, pp. 232, 302
Flemming, Thomas / Steinhage, Axel / Strunk, Peter (1995): Chronik 1946: Tag für Tag in Wort und Bild, Chronik-Verlag/Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag,p. 112
Fredriksen, J.C. (2008): Chronology of American Military History, Facts On File, p.1510
Fredriksen, J.C. (2008): Chronology of American Military History, Facts On File, p.1512
Fredriksen, J.C. (2008): Chronology of American Military History, Facts On File, p.1516
Fredriksen, J.C. (2008): Chronology of American Military History, Facts On File, p.1534
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.116
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.122
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.133
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.139
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.141
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Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.146
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Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.261
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.269
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Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.353
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Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.358
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Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.365
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Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.400
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.429
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Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.577
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.589
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.594
Fredriksen, J.C. (2010): Chronology of American Military History - Volume 1, Facts On File, p.6
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