Grand Duchy of Moscow (Military Occupation)

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Polity that includes all territories militarly occupied by the Grand Duchy of Moscow that are not part of a specific military territory.

Establishment

September 1467: A fragile peace between Russia and Kazan was broken in 1467, when Ibrahim of Kazan came to the throne and Ivan III of Russia supported the claims of his ally or vassal Qasim Khan. Ivan's army sailed down the Volga, quickly reaching Kazan.

December 1467: In 1467, during the reign of Ivan III of Russia, the Russian forces faced difficulties due to autumn rains and rasputitsa while trying to advance in the occupied regions, which eventually fell under the control of the Khanate of Kazan.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Russo-Kazan Wars

Was a series of wars fought between the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Khanate of Kazan from 1439, until Kazan was finally conquered by the Tsardom of Russia under Ivan the Terrible in 1552.

1.1.Wars of Ivan III

Russian military campaign against the Khanate of Kazan by Ivan III.

January 1469: The Russians sailed down the Vyatka River and the Kama towards the Volga, pillaging merchant vessels on their way.

February 1469: Khazan Khan Ibrahim mounted a counter-offensive against the Russians, overran Vyatka, and forced local inhabitants into slavery for the duration of the campaign.

December 1469: In autumn 1469, Ivan III of Moscow launched a third invasion of the Kazan khanate. The Russian commander, Prince Daniil Kholmsky, besieged Kazan, leading to the territory falling under the military occupation of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.

January 1470: In 1469, under the terms of the peace settlement, the Khanate of Kazan set free all the ethnic Christian Russians they had enslaved in the forty previous years. The Russian and Kazan forces left the territories they had occupied during the war.

January 1470: In 1469, under the terms of the peace settlement, the Khanate of Kazan set free all the ethnic Christian Russians they had enslaved in the forty previous years. The Russians left the territories they had occupied in the Khanate of Khazan.

May 1487: Prince Kholmsky, also known as Ivan III of Russia, led the military occupation of Kazan in 1487. The city was a key stronghold of the Tatar Khanate and its capture was a significant victory for the Grand Duchy of Moscow in their expansion efforts.

June 1487: The city of Kazan fell to the Russians on 9 June.

January 1488: The Russian leave all occupied regions of the Khanate of Kazan.

1.2.Wars of Vasily III

Russian military campaign against the Khanate of Kazan by Vasily III.

January 1525: In 1524, Prince Ivan Belsky led the 150,000-strong Russian army against the Tatar capital. This campaign is described in detail by a foreign witness, Herberstein. Belsky's huge army spent 20 days encamped on an island opposite Kazan.

January 1525: Russian Prince Ivan Belsky accepted the terms proposed by the Tatar envoys and returned to Moscow, evacuating the occupied territories in Kazan.

August 1530: Prince Belsky of Moscow returned to the walls of Kazan in July 1530.

January 1531: The Tatars sued for peace, promising to accept any khan appointed from Moscow. The Moscovites accepted the peace terms and left the occupied territories.

1.3.Wars of Ivan IV

A Russian military campaign agains the Khanate of Kazan, which was was finally conquered by Russia.

January 1546: In 1545, Ivan IV of Moscow mounted an expedition to the Volga River.

February 1546: Moscovite forces leave the Volga River region after a raid.