This article is about the specific polity Chagatai Khanate and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was a mongol Khanate, one of the successor states of the Mongol Empire. It derives its denomination from Chagatai Khan, second son of Gengis Khan. The Khanate controlled a large region of central Asia, in areas now mainly part of western China, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan and Kyrgyzstan.
Establishment
January 1261: The Mongol Empire fragmented into four political units: the Golden Horde, the Ilkhanate, the Yuan Dynasty and the Chagatai Khanate.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of wars between the successor states of the Mongol Empire.
1.1.Toluid Civil War
Was a war of succession over the Mongol Empire fought between Kublai Khan and his younger brother, Ariq Böke, from 1260 to 1264.
January 1262: Chagatai ruler Alghu defeated Ariq Böke's commander Khara Bukha at the Ili River in Xinjiang, but lost his headquarters in Almalikh to Ariq Böke.
1.1.1.Division of the Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire fragmented into four successor states at the beginning of the Toluid Civil War.
1.2.Kaidu-Kublai war
Was a war between two successor states of the Mongol Empire, the Yuan Dynasty and the Chagatai Khanate.
January 1277: Kublai's son Nomukhan and generals occupied Almaliq in 1266-1276.
1.3.Esen Buqa-Ayurbarwada war
Was a war between two successor states of the Mongol Empire, the Yuan Dynasty and the Chagatai Khanate.
January 1316: The invasion of the Ilkhanate was initially successful. Kebek and Yasa'ur defeated Öljaitü's army at the Murgab River and advanced to Herat.
January 1316: In 1315, the territory of Issyk Kul and Talas was plundered by the forces of the Yuan Dynasty, led by the Mongol ruler Kaidu. Kaidu's winter quarters and summer residence were targeted during the raid.
February 1316: In 1316, the Chagatai Khanate plundered the Yuan winter quarters on the Issyk Kul as well as their summer residence in Talas.
February 1316: The Yuan army crushed Esen Buqa's resistance.
Were a series of military campaigny by the Mongols that created the largest contiguous Empire in history, the Mongol Empire, which controlled most of Eurasia.
2.1.Invasions of India
The Mongol Empire launched several invasions into the Indian subcontinent from 1221 to 1327.
January 1298: In the winter of 1297, the Chagatai noyan Kadar led an army that ravaged the Punjab region, and advanced as far as Kasur.
February 1298: After being defeated by the Delhi Sultanate in the Battle of Jaran-Manjur, the Chagatai army left Punjab.
November 1299: In late 1299, Chagatai Khan Duwa sent his son Qutlugh Khwaja to conquer Delhi.
December 1299: The Mongols retreated from India afteri being defeated at Kili. Their leader Qutlugh Khwaja was seriously wounded, and died during the return journey.
September 1303: The Mongols launched another invasion of India around August 1303. Alauddin managed to reach Delhi before the invaders, but did not have enough time to prepare for a strong defence. He took shelter in a heavily-guarded camp at the under-construction Siri Fort.
October 1303: The Mongols ransacked Delhi and its neighbourhoods, but ultimately retreated after being unable to breach Siri.
January 1306: In December 1305, Chagatai khan Duwa invaded India and proceeded south-east to the Gangetic plains along the Himalayan foothills.
February 1306: Chagatai forces leave recently conquered territories in India.
January 1307: A Mongol army sent by Duwa advanced up to the Ravi River, ransacking the territories along the way.
February 1307: In 1306, a Mongol army sent by Duwa, a Chagatai Khan, advanced up to the Ravi River, ransacking the territories along the way. The region up to the Ravi River was under the control of the Khalji Dynasty at that time.
January 1291: The Khalji or Khilji dynasty was a Muslim dynasty which ruled large parts of the Indian subcontinent between 1290 and 1320. It was founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji and became the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India.
January 1306: Duwa was a ruler of the Chagatai Khanate. His younger son, Kebek, succeeded him as khan. Kebek invaded the Delhi Sultanate in 1305, specifically targeting the Multan region, which was known for its wealth and strategic importance.
January 1316: In 1315, Chagatai ruler Esen Buqa invaded the Ilkhanate in support of Duwa's grandson, Dawud Khoja, who had set himself up in eastern Afghanistan. He defeated an Ilkhanate army on the Murgab and reached as far as Herat, but was forced to retreat when the Yuan dynasty attacked him from the east.
January 1316: The Yuan army devastated the Issyk-Kul region.
February 1316: The Yuan leaves the Issyk-Kul region.
January 1321: Expansion of the Sultanate of Delhi by 1320.
January 1331: Expansion of the Sultanate of Delhi up to 1330.
January 1336: Upon the fragmentation of the Ilkhanate in 1335, Mu'izz-uddin Husayn ibn Ghiyath-uddin, also known as Hasan Buzurg, was a Kart dynasty ruler who worked to expand his principality in the region of Kerman, located in present-day Iran.
Disestablishment
January 1348: The powerful Dughlats enthroned a son of Esen Buqa I, Tughlugh Timur as khan of Moghulistan in 1347.
Selected Sources
Kopalyan, N. (2017): World Political Systems after Polarity, Taylor & Francis, p. 164
Chagatai Khanate
