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Video Summary

Data

Name: Montenegro (Military Occupation)

Type: Polity

Start: 1877 AD

End: 1916 AD

Parent: montenegro

Statistics

All Statistics: All Statistics

Montenegro (Military Occupation)

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

Polity that includes all territories militarly occupied by Montenegro that are not part of a specific military territory.

Establishment

September 1877: Montenegro conquered Nikšić (24 September 1877).

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Montenegrin-Ottoman War (1876-1878)

Was a war between the Principality of Montenegro and the Ottoman Empire.

January 1878: Grmožur, a fortress located in Montenegro, was occupied by Montenegrin forces on 26 January 1878. This event took place during the time of the Congress of Berlin, where European powers were negotiating the borders and territories of the Balkans following the Russo-Turkish War.

January 1878: Vranjina and Lesendro are occupied by Montenegrin forces.

2. Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878)

Was a conflict between the Ottoman Empire and a coalition led by the Russian Empire, and including Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro.

2.1.Serbian Theatre (Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878)

Was the Serbian theatre of the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878).

January 1878: The Montenegrins conquered Antivari on January 10.

January 1878: Dulcigno conquered by montenegro.

2.2.Treaty of San Stefano

Was a treaty between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire that ended the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878). The Ottoman Empire recognized the independence of Montenegro, Romania and Serbia.

March 1878: The advancement of Russian forces toward the Ottomans forced them to sign a peace treaty on 3 March 1878, recognising the independence of Montenegro. They also increased Montenegro's territory from 4,405 km² to 9,475 km². Montenegro gained the towns of Nikšić, Kolašin, Spuž, Podgorica, Žabljak, Bar, as well as access to the sea.

2.3.Treaty of Berlin

The Congress of Berlin (13 June - 13 July 1878) was a meeting of the representatives of the era's six great powers in Europe (Russia, Great Britain, France, Austria-Hungary, Italy and Germany), the Ottoman Empire and four Balkan states (Greece, Serbia, Romania and Montenegro). It aimed at determining the territories of the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 and came to an end with the signing of the Treaty of Berlin, which replaced the preliminary Treaty of San Stefano. The treaty formally recognized the independence of the de facto sovereign principalities of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro.

July 1878: Territorial change based on available maps.

3. Balkan Wars

Were two wars fought in southeastern Europe in 1912-1913 during which the states of the Balkan League (Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Serbia) first conquered Macedonia and much of Thrace from the Ottomans and then clashed with each other over the division of the conquered lands.

3.1.First Balkan War

Was a war fought in southeastern Europe where the states of the Balkan League (Kingdom of Bulgaria, Kingdom of Greece, Kingdom of Montenegro and Kingdom of Serbia) conquered Macedonia and much of Thrace (virtually all remaining territories of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans) from the Ottomans. .

3.1.1.Northern Rumelian Front

Was the Northern Rumelian front of the First Balkan War.

October 1912: The Montenegrin Eastern Division took Akova.

October 1912: Montenegrin conquest of Berane.

October 1912: Montenegrin conquest of Palav.

October 1912: the Montenegrin troops arrived at Scutari on 18 October, but two frontal assaults launched on 24 and 28 October were repulsed by the Ottoman garrison.

October 1912: Taşlıca is taken by Montenegrin forces on October 28.

November 1912: Montenegrin detachments captured İpek.

April 1913: The Montenegrins took possession of the city of Scutari (Shkodër).

May 1913: As European powers opposed Montenegrin control of Scutari (Shkodër), Prince Nikola of Montenegro relinquished the city to an international contingent on May 8.

3.1.2.Treaty of London (1913)

The Treaty of London (1913) was signed on 30 May following the London Conference of 1912-13. It ended the First Balkan War and dealt with the territorial adjustments arising out of the conclusion of the First Balkan War.

May 1913: The Treaty of London was signed on 30 May following the London Conference of 1912-13. It dealt with the territorial adjustments arising out of the conclusion of the First Balkan War. Albania was declared independent.

4. World War I

Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.

4.1.World War I Balkan Theatre

Was the theatre of war in the Balkan Peninsula during World War I.

4.1.1.Albania during World War I

Albanian theatre of World War I.

4.1.1.1.Collapse of Albania

Invasion of Albania by the central powers during World War I.

June 1915: King Nicholas I of Montenegro, an ally of the Serbs, ordered the occupation of Albanian territory north of the Drin River on 11 June.

June 1915: The Montenegrins entered Scutari.

January 1916: In late January 1916 Austro-Hungarian forces invaded northern Albania in pursuit of the remnants of the Serbian army.