This article is about the specific polity Kingdom of Croatia and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was a medieval state that was established by White Croats who migrated into the area of the former Roman province of Dalmatia. It became a kingdom in 926. It was the first form of the Croatian state. It ended when it entered in Personal Union with Hungary, with the latter being the dominant part of the two (However, it is not completely clear how autonomous Croatia was in practice).
Establishment
January 926: Croatia was elevated to the status of a kingdom.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
The Magyars (or Hungarians) successfully conquered the Carpathian Basin (corresponding to the later Kingdom of Hungary) by the end of the ninth century, and launched a number of plundering raids thoughout Europe.
January 928: The Hungarians marched up to Rome and imposed large tribute payments on Tuscany and Tarento.
February 928: The Hungarians marched up to Rome and imposed large tribute payments on Tuscany and Tarento. After the raid, the Hungarians left these territories.
January 938: In 937, the Hungarians raided France as far west as Reims, Lotharingia, Swabia, Franconia, the Duchy of Burgundy and Italy as far as Otranto in the south.
February 938: In 937, the Hungarians raided France as far west as Reims, Lotharingia, Swabia, Franconia, the Duchy of Burgundy and Italy as far as Otranto in the south. After the ride they left these territories.
January 948: In 947, Bulcsú, a Hungarian chieftain of Taksony, led a raid into Italy as far as Apulia.
February 948: In 947, Bulcsú, a Hungarian chieftain of Taksony, led a raid into Italy as far as Apulia.
August 955: The Hungarians invaded the Duchy of Bavaria in late June or early July 955.
1.1.Battle of Lechfeld
The Battle of Lechfeld was a series of military engagements over the course of three days from 10-12 August 955 in which the Kingdom of Germany, led by King Otto I the Great, annihilated the Hungarian army. With the German victory, further invasions by the Magyars into Latin Europe were ended.
September 955: The German forces of King Otto I the Great annihilated a Hungarian army (Second Battle of Lechfeld) led by harka Bulcsú and the chieftains Lél and Súr. With this German victory, further invasions by the Magyars into Latin Europe were ended.
The Frankish Kingdom was partitioned and reuinited several times as the Frankish rulers used to divide their territories equally among their heirs. This lead also to a number of wars and revolts.
2.1.Incoronation of Otto I
East Frankish King Otto I was crowned first Holy Roman Emperor.
February 962: Territorial change based on data about the borders of Croatia in 962.
February 962: The Principality of Hungary or Duchy of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Nagyfejedelemség: "Hungarian Grand Principality") was the earliest documented Hungarian state in the Carpathian Basin, established 895 or 896, following the 9th century Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin.
February 962: The Duchy of Bavaria was one of the Stem Duchies of the Holy Roman Empire.
February 962: Territorial change based on data about the borders of Hungary in 962.
February 962: Territorial change based on data about the borders of the Bulgaria in 962.
In the year 1000 AD an expedition of Venetian ships in coastal Istria and Dalmatia secured the Venetian suzerainty in the area.
January 1001: In the year 1000 AD an expedition of Venetian ships in coastal Istria and Dalmatia secured the Venetian suzerainty in the area.
Were a series conflicts and naval campaigns waged for control of the northeastern coast of the Adriatic Sea between the Republic of Venice and the Principality of Croatia (later the Kingdom of Croatia, as well as the Kingdom of Croatia in personal union with Hungary).
4.1.Sixth Croatian-Venetian War
Was a war between the Republic of Venice and the kingdom of Croatia for the control of the northeastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.
January 1001: The Venetian fleet led by Pietro Orseolo II managed to conquer the coastal cities from Arbe in the north to Ragusa in the south, together with the islands of Lissa, Lagosta and Curzola.
4.2.Seventh Croatian-Venetian War
Was a war between the Republic of Venice and the Kingdom of Croatia for the control of the northeastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.
January 1051: In the second half of the 11th century, Zadar expelled the Venetian count Orso Giustinian and surrendered to Pietro Cresimiro, king of Croatia.
January 1052: Doge Domenico I Contarini reconquered the city of Zara.
January 929: The first king of Croatia Tomislav defeated Hungarian and Bulgarian invasions and spread the influence of Croatian kings northward to Slavonia.
February 962: Territorial change based on data about the borders of the Narentine State in 962.
January 1019: The Kingdom of Croatia briefly became a vassal of the Byzantine Empire.
January 1026: The Kingdom of Croatia was a Byzantine vassal until 1025.
January 1031: Ragusa (modern-day Dubrovnik) was annexed by the Kingdom of Croatia.
January 1070: In 1069, King Petar Krešimir IV of Croatia obtained full control of the islands and cities of Dalmatia, taking it away from the Byzantines and Venetians, including Spàlato.
January 1075: The Croatians were forced to settle and give away Split, Trogir, Zadar, Biograd, and Nin to the Normans.
January 1092: In 1091 Ladislaus of Hungary crossed the Drava river and conquered the entire province of Slavonia without encountering opposition.
Disestablishment
January 1103: The Croatian nobility recognised Coloman of Hungary as their king. Coloman was crowned in Biograd in 1102 and the title now claimed by Coloman was "King of Hungary, Dalmatia, and Croatia".
Selected Sources
Leyser, K. (1982): Medieval Germany and its neighbours, 900-1250, London (UK), p. 50
Makkai, L. (1990): The Hungarians' prehistory, their conquest of Hungary and their raids to the west to 955, in: A History of Hungary, Bloomington (USA) p. 8-14
Reuter, T. (1995): The New Cambridge Medieval History: c. 900-c. 1024, Cambridge (UK), p. 543
Sugar, P. F. / Hanák, P. (1994): A History of Hungary, Bloomington (USA), p. 13
Timothy R. (1995) The New Cambridge Medieval History Volume 3, c. 900-c. 1024, Cambridge (UK), p. 543
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Kingdom of Croatia
