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Polity that includes all territories militarly occupied by Qing China that are not part of a specific military territory.
Establishment
January 1766: The invasion force was led by the Qing Dynasty military commander Ming Rui and the Tai-Shan militias were commanded by local leaders such as Sao Hin. The siege of Kengtung was part of the Qing Dynasty's efforts to expand their control over the region and assert dominance over local rulers.
April 1766: In 1766, the Burmese forces, led by King Hsinbyushin, lifted the siege on Kengtung and pursued the invading Chinese troops into Pu'er Prefecture. The Burmese army, known for their skilled tactics and military prowess, defeated the Chinese forces in Pu'er.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of military campaigns launched by the Qing dynasty of China in the mid-late 18th century during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.
1.1.Sino-Burmese War
Was a war between Qing China and the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma. The war consisted of a series of unsuccesful Chinese invasions of Burma.
1.1.1.First invasion (Sino-Burmese War)
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the first of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
1.1.2.Second invasion (Sino-Burmese War)
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the third of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
January 1767: The Chinese forces, led by General Mingrui, laid siege to the Burmese garrison at Kaungton in 1766 during the Qing Dynasty's military occupation of the territory. The Burmese defenders were led by General Maha Thiha Thura.
January 1767: The Qing troops easily captured Bhamo in December 1766.
January 1768: Burmese commander Ne Myo Sithu retook the city of Bhamo.
January 1768: In 1767, the Chinese army was defeated by the Konbaung Dynasty and the Chinese had to leave Burma.
1.1.3.Third Chinese invasion of Burma
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the second of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
1.1.3.1.Chinese Attack
Was the Chinese invasion of Burma in 1767.
November 1767: Qing general Mingrui's main army occupied the Shan states of Hsenwi and Hsipaw.
January 1768: Battle of Goteik Gorge: The Chinese victory cleared the way for the main Chinese army to Ava, the Burmese capital.
April 1768: They reached Singu on the Irrawaddy, 48 km north of Ava at the beginning of 1768.
1.1.3.2.Burmese counter-attack
Was the Burmese counterattack against the Chinese invasion of 1767.
April 1768: In early 1768 two Burmese armies led by Maha Thiha Thura and Ne Myo Sithu succeeded in retaking Hsenwi.
April 1768: The Battle of Maymyo in 1768 marked the end of the Third Qing Invasion of Burma, with the Konbaung Dynasty emerging victorious. The battle was a significant event in the conflict between the Qing Dynasty of China and the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma.
1.1.4.Fourth Qing invasion of Burma
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the last of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
November 1769: In 1769, the Qing Dynasty, under the leadership of Emperor Qianlong, sent troops south to Shwenyaungbin where they constructed a large fortress. This military occupation was part of the Qing Dynasty's expansion efforts in the region.
November 1769: Three Chinese armies jointly attacked and captured Bhamo.
December 1769: The Burmese armies attacked the Chinese fort of Shwenyaungbin, which fell after a fierce battle.
December 1769: This event took place in Burma (Myanmar) during the Konbaung Dynasty. The peace treaty was signed between Burmese and Chinese officers to end hostilities and establish peace in the region.
1.2.Chinese Invasion of Vietnam
Was an unsuccesful invasion of Vietnam by Qing China.
December 1788: The Chinese defeated the Tây Sơn army in Lạng Sơn.
December 1788: Thăng Long was the capital of the Đại Việt kingdom, ruled by Emperor Lê Chiêu Thống. The Chinese army was led by General Sun Shiyi, who invaded the territory as part of the Qing Dynasty's expansionist policies in Southeast Asia. The occupation of Thăng Long marked a significant turning point in the region's history.
February 1789: Battle of Ngọc Hồi-Đống Đa: Qing withdrawal from Vietnam.
Was a French military campaign to conquer Tonkin and Annam, in Vietnam, that became French protectorates.
2.1.Sino-French War
Was a war between France and Qing China caused by the French military campaigns to conquer Vietnam.
September 1884: Chinese invasion of the Red River Delta. By late September 1884, the Guangxi Army had advanced as far as the Lục Nam valley.
October 1884: Kep conquered by france.
October 1884: Chu conquered by france.
November 1884: The French occupied Tien Yen and Dong Trieu.
February 1885: Tây Hòa conquered by france.
February 1885: Hạ Hòa conquered by france.
February 1885: Dong Song is occupied by French forces.
February 1885: Pho Vy conquered by france.
February 1885: The french overwhelmed the Chinese defenses at Bac Vie.
February 1885: The French reached Lạng Sơn after ten days' march.
February 1885: De Négrier defeated the Chinese at the Battle of Đồng Đăng on February 23, 1885 and drove them out of Tonkin.
March 1885: Lạng Sơn conquered by china.
April 1885: Lacking sufficient troops, the Chinese contented themselves with a further advance as far as Dong Song.
2.1.1.Treaty of Tientsin (1885)
Was the treaty that ended the Sino-French War. Qing China recognized the French protectorate over Vietnam.
June 1885: The Treaties of Tientsin recognized most of France's claims.
Disestablishment
February 1885: Tây Hòa conquered by france.
February 1885: Hạ Hòa conquered by france.
February 1885: Dong Song is occupied by French forces.
February 1885: Pho Vy conquered by france.
February 1885: The french overwhelmed the Chinese defenses at Bac Vie.
February 1885: The French reached Lạng Sơn after ten days' march.
February 1885: De Négrier defeated the Chinese at the Battle of Đồng Đăng on February 23, 1885 and drove them out of Tonkin.
March 1885: Lạng Sơn conquered by china.
April 1885: Lacking sufficient troops, the Chinese contented themselves with a further advance as far as Dong Song.
June 1885: The Treaties of Tientsin recognized most of France's claims.
Selected Sources
Thet, K. (1962): History of Union of Burma, Yangon (Myanmar), pp. 310-314
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Qing Dynasty (Military Occupation)
