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Data

Name: Zwiefalten Abbey

Type: Polity

Start: 1379 AD

End: 1802 AD

Statistics

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Icon Zwiefalten Abbey

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Was an Abbey of the Holy Roman Empire with Imperial immediacy.

Establishment


  • January 1379: Based on Gustav Droysen's Map of the Holy Roman Empire in the XIV century.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. European wars of religion


    Were a series of wars in Europe (and the overseas possessions of European countries) the 16th, 17th and early 18th that started after the Protestant Reformation. Although the immediate causes of the wars were religious, the motives were complex and also included territorial ambitions.

    1.1.Thirty Years' War

    Was a war that took place mainly in central Europe between 1618 and 1648. The war began as a religious conflict between Catholics and Protestant in the Holy Roman Empire but then escalated into a conflict for the hegemony in Europe between Habsburg Spain and Austria, Sweden and France.

    1.1.1.Franco-Swedish Period

    Was the fourth main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of France.

    1.1.1.1.North German Front (Sweden)

    Was the north German front during the Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years' War.

  • November 1648: When in November Gustaf of Sweden received a report about the signed peace, he ordered his troops to leave. Also the French troops started leaving the occupied territories in the Holy Roman Empire.

  • 1.1.1.2.Rhineland Front (France)

    Was the Rhineland front during the Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years' War.

  • May 1648: The French returned to Swabia and then to Bavaria. They defeated the Imperial forces at Zusmarshausen (May 17, 1648) and drove Maximilian of Bavaria out of Munich.

  • 2. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars


    Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

  • January 1803: In 1802, the territory of Zwiefalten was secularized and suppressed, leading to its transfer to the Duchy of Württemberg. This decision was part of the secularization process in Germany, which aimed to transfer ecclesiastical territories to secular rulers.

  • 2.1.War of the Second Coalition

    Was the second war that saw revolutionary France against most of the European monarchies, led by Britain, Austria, and Russia, and including the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Naples, and various German monarchies. Prussia did not join this coalition, and Spain supported France.

    2.1.1.German Front (War of the Second Coalition)

    Was the German theatre of the War of the Fifth Coalition.

  • May 1800: French forces movement to fight at nearby Biberach an der Ris.

  • 2.1.2.Treaty of Lunéville

    Was a treaty between the French Republic and the Holy Roman Empire that formally ended the partecipation of Austria and the Holy Roman Empire in the War of the Second Coalition.

  • February 1801: The Treaty of Lunéville was signed in the Treaty House of Lunéville between the French Republic and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II. Certain Austrian holdings within the borders of the Holy Roman Empire were relinquished, and French control was extended to the left bank of the Rhine, "in complete sovereignty" but France renounced any claim to territories east of the Rhine. Contested boundaries in Italy were set. The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was awarded to the French.

  • Disestablishment


  • January 1803: In 1802, the territory of Zwiefalten was secularized and suppressed, leading to its transfer to the Duchy of Württemberg. This decision was part of the secularization process in Germany, which aimed to transfer ecclesiastical territories to secular rulers.
  • Selected Sources


  • Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), pp. 30-31
  • Gagliardo, J. (1980): Reich and Nation: The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806, Bloomington (USA), p. 192
  • Krumenacker, Y. (2008): La Guerre de Trente Ans, Paris, Ellipses, pp. 146-147
  • Oberfinanzrath von Memmingen (1837): Beschreibung des Oberamts Biberach, Stuttgart and Tübingen (Germany), p. 95
  • Poole, R.L. (1902): Historical Atlas of Modern Europe, Oxford (United Kingdom), Plate XI
  • Schmiele, E. (1887): Zur Geschichte des schwedisch-polnischen Krieges von 1655 bis 1660, Berlin (Germany), p. 5
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