Characene (Parthian Empire)

This article is about the specific polity Characene (Parthian Empire) and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

Was a kingdom founded by the Iranian prince Hyspaosines located at the head of the Persian Gulf mostly within modern day Iraq. In 124 BC Hyspaosines accepted Parthian suzerainty, and continued to rule Characene as a vassal. Characene would generally remain a semi-autonomous kingdom under Parthian suzerainty until its fall.

Establishment

January 123 BC: In 124 BC king Hyspaosines accepted Parthian suzerainty, and continued to rule Characene as a vassal. Characene would generally remain a semi-autonomous kingdom under Parthian suzerainty till its fall.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Roman-Persian Wars

Were a series of Wars between Rome (first the Roman Republic then the Roman Empire and finally the Eastern Roman Empire) and Persia (the Parthian Empire, and then its successor, the Sasanian Empire). The wars were ended by the early Muslim conquests, which led to the fall of the Sasanian Empire and huge territorial losses for the Byzantine Empire.

1.1.Trajan's Parthian Campaign

Was a military campaign by Roman Emperor Trajan in 115 against the Parthian Empire in Mesopotamia.

January 117: Characene conquered by Roman Empire.

1.2.Roman-Parthian War of 161-166

Was a war fought between the Roman and Parthian Empires over Armenia and Upper Mesopotamia.

January 167: Avidius Cassius was a Roman general and usurper who invaded the territory of the Medes, located beyond the Tigris River, in 166 AD. This demonstrated the military might of the Roman Empire under his command.

January 168: The plague, which broke out during the last year of the campaign, however forced the Romans to withdraw from the newly conquered territories.

2. Roman Withdrew from Middle Eastern Territories

After Trajan's death, his successor Hadrian withdrew from the territories of Armenia, Assyria and Mesopotamia, allowing the return of their respective client monarchies.

January 119: Hadrian was the Roman Emperor at the time, and the client monarchies in question were likely rulers appointed by the Parthian Empire to govern the territories of Armenia, Assyria, and Mesopotamia. The withdrawal of Hadrian allowed these monarchies to regain control of their territories.

3. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)

April 224: In 221-222 AD, an ethnic Persian, Ardashir V, who was King of Persis, led a revolt against the Parthians, establishing the Sasanian Empire. Ardashir V defeated Characene forces and annexed the country.

Data

Statistics

Characene (Parthian Empire)

Establishment

Chronology

3. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)

Disestablishment

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