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Data

Name: Eichstädt Prince-Bishopric

Type: Polity

Start: 962 AD

End: 1802 AD

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Was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire.

Establishment


  • February 962: Eichstädt Prince-Bishopric gains imperial immediacy.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. Frankish Partitions


    The Frankish Kingdom was partitioned and reuinited several times as the Frankish rulers used to divide their territories equally among their heirs. This lead also to a number of wars and revolts.

    1.1.Incoronation of Otto I

    East Frankish King Otto I was crowned first Holy Roman Emperor.


    2. European wars of religion


    Were a series of wars in Europe (and the overseas possessions of European countries) the 16th, 17th and early 18th that started after the Protestant Reformation. Although the immediate causes of the wars were religious, the motives were complex and also included territorial ambitions.

    2.1.Thirty Years' War

    Was a war that took place mainly in central Europe between 1618 and 1648. The war began as a religious conflict between Catholics and Protestant in the Holy Roman Empire but then escalated into a conflict for the hegemony in Europe between Habsburg Spain and Austria, Sweden and France.

    2.1.1.Swedish Period

    Was the third main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of Sweden.

  • April 1632: On April 15, during the Battle of Rain am Lech, east of Donauwörth, the Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus defeated the Imperial forces commanded by Tilly.

  • 2.1.2.Franco-Swedish Period

    Was the fourth main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of France.

    2.1.2.1.North German Front (Sweden)

    Was the north German front during the Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years' War.

  • November 1637: After the death of Swedish King Ferdinand II, his son and successor Ferdinand III brought the Swedish troops back to Pomerania, leaving the territories occupied by Sweden in Germany.
  • June 1648: In May 1648, there was the last major field battle of the Thirty Years' War between French-Swedish and Imperial-Bavarian armies near Augsburg.

  • 2.1.3.Peace of Westphalia

    Were a series of treaties that ended the Thirty Years' War. Catholics and Protestants were redefined as equal in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire. There were major territorial adjustments. In particular, France, Sweden and Brandenburg had major territorial gains, and several religious territories of the Holy Roman Empire were secularized.

  • October 1648: With the Peace of Westphalia Sweden received Western Pomerania (henceforth Swedish Pomerania), Wismar, and the Prince-Bishoprics of Bremen and Verden as hereditary fiefs. Sweden evacuated the remnant territories it had occupied in the Holy Roman Empire.

  • 3. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars


    Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

  • January 1803: In 1802, the Prince-Bishopric of Eichstätt was secularized by the Electorate of Bavaria.

  • 3.1.War of the Second Coalition

    Was the second war that saw revolutionary France against most of the European monarchies, led by Britain, Austria, and Russia, and including the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Naples, and various German monarchies. Prussia did not join this coalition, and Spain supported France.

    3.1.1.German Front (War of the Second Coalition)

    Was the German theatre of the War of the Fifth Coalition.

  • December 1800: Austria was defeated by France in the Battle of Hohenlinden (3 December 1800). By december, 25th the French forces were 80 km from Vienna. The Austrians requested an armistice, which French general Moreau granted on 25 December.

  • 3.1.2.Treaty of Lunéville

    Was a treaty between the French Republic and the Holy Roman Empire that formally ended the partecipation of Austria and the Holy Roman Empire in the War of the Second Coalition.

  • February 1801: The Treaty of Lunéville was signed in the Treaty House of Lunéville between the French Republic and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II. Certain Austrian holdings within the borders of the Holy Roman Empire were relinquished, and French control was extended to the left bank of the Rhine, "in complete sovereignty" but France renounced any claim to territories east of the Rhine. Contested boundaries in Italy were set. The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was awarded to the French.

  • 4. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)


  • September 1304: On September 8, 1304, the last count of Hirschberg, Gebhard VII, bequeathed the count castle and county to the bishop of Eichstätt in his will.

  • January 1357: In 1299, Abenberg received city rights, and in 1356 it became a caretaker office in Eichstätt.

  • January 1379: Based on Gustav Droysen's Map of the Holy Roman Empire in the XIV century.

  • Disestablishment


  • January 1803: In 1802, the Prince-Bishopric of Eichstätt was secularized by the Electorate of Bavaria.
  • Selected Sources


  • Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), pp. 30-31
  • Fournier. A (1913): Napoleon I. Eine Biographie, Vienna (Austria), p. 255
  • Gagliardo, J. (1980): Reich and Nation: The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806, Bloomington (USA), p. 192
  • Poole, R.L. (1902): Historical Atlas of Modern Europe, Oxford (United Kingdom), Plate XI
  • Schmidt, G. (2006): Der Dreißigjährige Krieg, Munich (Germany), p. 65
  • Spindler, M. (2017): Geschichte Schwabens bis zum Ausgang des 18. Jahrhunderts, Munich (Germany), p. 266
  • Westfälischer Friede - Vertrag von Osnabrück, https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Westf%C3%A4lischer_Friede_%E2%80%93_Vertrag_von_Osnabr%C3%BCck
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