This article is about the specific polity Almoravid Caliphate and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was an imperial Berber Muslim dynasty centered in the territory of present-day Morocco. It established an empire in the 11th century that stretched over the western Maghreb and Al-Andalus, starting in the 1050s and lasting until its fall to the Almohads in 1147.
Establishment
January 1020: The Emirate of Nekor was conquered in 1019 by Almoravid Azdâji Ya'la ibn Futuh.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
The Caliphate disintegrated in the early 11th century during the Fitna of al-Andalus, a civil war between the descendants of caliph Hisham II and the successors of his hajib (court official), Al-Mansur, leading to the establishment of a multitude of independent Muslim kingdoms (taifas).
January 1032: With the breakup of the Caliphate of Córdoba in 23 taifas, sveral of its territories were acquired by its neighbours.
Were a series military campaigns from the 8th century until 1492 by the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula to reconquer the region from the Islamic rulers that had conquered it during the Umayyad conquest of Hispania.
January 1110: The Almoravids seized several important southern plazas: Talavera de la Reina, Madrid and Guadalajara.
January 1110: The Almoravids capture Talavera in western Toledo after a month-long siege.
January 1111: Conquest of Juslibol.
January 1111: Conquests of Alfonso I of Aragon during the Reconquista by 1110.
January 1112: The Almoravids under Sir ibn Abi Bakr occupy Lisbon and Santarém and also take Zaragoza.
January 1112: Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal, recaptures Santarém.
January 1119: Conquest of Aliaga.
January 1119: Conquest of Jarque.
January 1119: Conquest of Belchite.
January 1119: Alfonso I of Aragon conquers Zaragoza from the Almoravids.
January 1119: Conquest of Alcala.
January 1120: Conquest of Carinena.
January 1120: Conquest of Fuentes.
January 1120: Conquest of Aliaga.
January 1120: Alcaniz is occupied by the Christian troops of Alfonso I of Aragon in 1119.
July 1120: Conquest of Cutanda.
January 1121: Conquest of Cella.
January 1121: Alcaniz was taken back by the Moors.
January 1121: Conquest of Calatayud.
January 1121: Conquest of Daroca.
January 1121: Conquest of Torrelacarcel.
January 1122: Conquest of Cella.
January 1123: Conquests of Alfonso I of Aragon during the Reconquista by 1122.
January 1132: Almoravid Emir Ali ibn Yusuf ibn Tashfin captures the castle of Aceca south of Toledo.
January 1134: Conquest of Mequinonensa.
January 1135: Conquests of Alfonso I of Aragon during the Reconquista by 1134.
January 1136: The Moors occupied the area of Leiria until it was re-captured by the first King of Portugal, Afonso Henriques in 1135.
January 1137: Mequinenza on the Ebro is recaptured by the Moors.
July 1140: In 1140, the Kingdom of Portugal, led by King Afonso I, successfully recaptured the city of Leiria from the Moors during the Reconquista.
January 1141: In 1140 the Moors were able to seize the fortress of Leiria.
January 1143: The city and castle of Leiria were reconquered by King Afonso I of Portugal from the Moors.
2.1.Conquests of Yusuf ibn Tashfin
Expansion during the rule of Yusuf ibn Tashfin in the Almoravid Caliphate.
January 1076: The Taifa of Segorbe falls to the Almoravids.
January 1077: In 1076, the Almoravid Caliphate occupied the Ghana Empire.
January 1081: Almoravid Yusuf ibn Tashfin brought the large area of what is now known as Morocco, Western Sahara, and Mauritania into complete subjection.
January 1085: The Taifa of Ceuta was conquered by the Almoravid Empire.
January 1091: Taifa of Grenada conquered by the Almoravids in 1090.
January 1091: In 1090, the Taifa of Málaga was conquered by the Islamic Almoravid dynasty.
January 1092: The Taifa of Almería was annexed to the Almoravid empire.
January 1092: The Almoravids, a Berber dynasty from North Africa, took Niebla in 1091.
January 1092: The Taifa of Lorca falls to the Almoravids.
January 1092: Death of the last king of Seville Al-Mu'tamid and defeat of Seville by Almoravid troops.
January 1093: Taifa of Murviedro and Sagunto conquered by the almoravids.
December 1094: The Christians lost Lisbon, Sintra and Santarém when Raymond of Burgundy, responsible for defending these cities, was defeated by the Almoravid army that had taken Badajoz shortly before.
December 1094: The Taifa of Badajoz fell to the Almoravids.
January 1101: With the turn of the century, the Taifa of Tortosa became dependent on the Almoravids .
January 1102: The Taifa of Arcos fell to the Almoravids.
June 1102: In 1102, Alfonso VI of León and Castile sent troops to help Valencia against the Almoravid threat. The battle took place in Cullera and ended without a clear winner, although Valencia fell in Almoravid hands because for Alfonso, it was too expensive to defend this city.
January 1103: Valencia was taken over by the Almoravid Caliphate.
May 1104: The Taifa of Albarracín disappeared in April 1104 with its conquest by the Almoravids.
2.2.Battle of Uclés
The Battle of Uclés was fought on 29 May 1108 during the Reconquista period near Uclés just south of the river Tagus between the Christian forces of Castile and León under Alfonso VI and the forces of the Muslim Almoravids under Tamim ibn-Yusuf. The battle was a disaster for the Christians and many of the high nobility of León, including seven counts, died in the fray or were beheaded afterwards, while the heir-apparent, Sancho Alfónsez, was murdered by villagers while trying to flee.
May 1108: Battle of Uclés.
2.3.Establishment of Portugal
After the Battle of Ourique against the Almoravids, Afonso Henriques was declared King of Portugal.
July 1139: After triumphing in the Battle of Ourique in 1139, Portuguese count Afonso Henriques was proclaimed King of Portugal by his troops.
Was the revolt of Galicia led by Theresa, countess of Portugal, against her sister, Queen Urraca of León and Castile.
January 1110: Theresa, Countess of Portugal, and her husband Henry of Burgundy, rebelled against her half-sister Queen Urraca of León.
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the Medieval period. The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291.
4.1.1113-15 Balearic Islands expedition
An expedition to the Balearic Islands, then a Muslim Taifa (principality), was launched in the form of a Crusade.
January 1117: The Almoravids coming from the Iberian peninsula reconquered the Balearic Islands in 1116.
Were the conquests of Abd al-Mu'min, founder of the Moroccan Almohad Caliphate.
January 1146: In 1145, the Taifa of Granada was annexed by the Almohad Caliphate, a Berber Muslim dynasty that ruled over North Africa and Southern Spain.
January 1146: The Almohads pursue the Almoravid Tachfin Ben Ali to Oran where he is killed. Oran, Tlemcen, Oujda and Meknes then fell, as did Fez, whose Almoravid garrison was massacred. Salé and Ceuta submit.
January 1146: Expansion of the Almohad Caliphate before 1145.
January 1148: Expansion of the Almohad Caliphate before 1147.
January 1053: Foundation of the Almoravid Caliphate in the territories of the Lamtuna berber tribe.
January 1055: The emirate of Sijilmassa disappeared in the middle of the 11th century, following its annexation by the Almoravids.
January 1056: Aoudaghost conquered by Almoravid Caliphate.
January 1058: In 1057, the tribes of the Atlas Mountains were conquered by the Almoravid Caliphate, led by the Berber dynasty of Almoravids.
January 1059: The Barghawata Confederacy was annexed by the Almoravid Caliphate.
January 1088: The occupation of the Ghana Empire by the Almoravids lasted until 1087.
January 1107: Taifa of Alpuente conquered by the Almoravids.
January 1110: Conquest of Valls.
January 1111: Taifa of Zaragoza conquered by the Almoravids.
January 1111: Lérida appears to have fallen to the Almoravids that year.
January 1119: Conquest of Terragona.
January 1119: Conquest of Mont-Roig del Camp.
April 1122: Towards the end of Ramadan in late 1121, after a particularly moving sermon, reviewing his failure to persuade the Almoravids to reform by argument, Ibn Tumart 'revealed' himself as the true Mahdi. On the advice of one of his followers, Omar Hintati, a prominent chieftain of the Hintata, Ibn Tumart abandoned his cave in 1122 and went up into the High Atlas, to organize the Almohad movement among the highland Masmuda tribes.
January 1125: Around 1124, Ibn Tumart erected the ribat of Tinmel, in the valley of the Nfis in the High Atlas, an impregnable fortified complex.
January 1142: The Wazirids establish an independent Taifa in Lisbon.
January 1144: The Taifa of Arcos regained its independence from 1143 to 1145.
January 1144: The Taifa of Constantina and Hornachuelos existed, in what is now southern Spain, from around 1143.
January 1145: A second independent taifa was briefly recreated in Badajoz, existing from 1144 to 1150.
January 1145: During the second taifa period, after the fall of the Almoravid Empire, an independent taifa arose again in Mértola that lasted from 1144.
January 1146: Establishment of Niebla as an independent Taifa.
January 1146: After 1145 the Taifa of Valencia was able gain independency from the Almoravids.
January 1146: The Taifa of Murcia was a Muslim kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula from 1145.
January 1146: During the so-called second taifa age, Málaga was self-ruled for eight years starting from 1145.
January 1146: Establishment of the Taifa of Almería during the second Taifa period.
January 1146: The Taifa of Silves was independent from 1145.
January 1147: The Taifa of Tavira existed only from around 1146 to 1150.
Disestablishment
January 1148: Expansion of the Almohad Caliphate before 1147.
January 1148: The Second Taifa of Mallorca was established in 1147.
Selected Sources
Cambridge Scholars Publishing (2020): Conflict and Collaboration in Medieval Iberia, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, p. 113
Duby, G. (1991): L'Atlas Historique Mondial, Larousse, p. 259
Expansión peninsular de la Corona de Aragón. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 21 September 2021. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Expansi%C3%B3n_peninsular_de_la_Corona_de_Arag%C3%B3n.png
Kim Bergqvist, Kurt Villads Jensen, Anthony John Lappin
Almoravid Caliphate
