If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
A faction in the Chinese Civil War. For simplicity, the conservative faction of the Chinese Civil War is referred to as Kuomintang instead of "Republic of China".
Establishment
July 1926: For simplicity we assume that at the the start of the Northern expedition only the Kuomintang represents the Republic of China due to ist unification aims.
July 1926: The Kuomintang captured Changsha on 11 July.
August 1926: The Kuomintang captured the Yangtze port of Yuezhou. Hunan came under complete KMT control.
August 1926: The Kuomintang, led by Li Zongren and his Guangxi NRA Seventh Army, had taken Xianning.
September 1926: Both Jiujiang and Nanchang had come under KMT control.
September 1926: The Republican Army offensive was forced into retreat as Sun arrived from Nanjing with reinforcements on 21 September.
October 1926: By 2 September, the Republican Army had nearly surrounded Wuchang. Whilst Wu and most of his army fled north to Henan province, his remaining troops in the walled city held out for over a month.
November 1926: In early November, Kuomintang troops moved to capture the Yangtze ports of Jiujiang and Hukou.
November 1926: On 9 November 1926, Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang forces successfully retook control of Nanchang.
December 1926: Yingqin, a prominent military leader of the Kuomintang army, entered Fuzhou unopposed.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a period in the history of the Republic of China when control of the country was divided among former military cliques of the Beiyang Army and other regional factions.
1.1.Northern Expedition
Was a military campaign launched by the Kuomintang to conquer whole China from the many warlords that controlled its various regions.
January 1927: By 29 January, the offensive had reached Lanxi and Jinhua, where a fierce battle resulted in a catastrophic defeat for Sun's forces.
February 1927: Sun's commander in the area, Meng Chao-yueh, decided to abandon Hangzhou to the Chinese Republican Army.
February 1927: Zhejiang was under complete Kuomintang control.
March 1927: Bai's Republican forces marched into Shanghai victorious.
March 1927: The Warlords withdraw from Nanjing on 23 March, leaving the city undefended. Cheng arrived on the next day.
March 1927: The NRA went on to capture Anhui provincial capital Hefei and the smaller city of Bengbu.
April 1927: Launching a counteroffensive on 3 April, the NPA had been able to force the NRA back more than 161 kilometres to the Yangtze by 11 April.
May 1927: By 20 May, Li (Republic of China) had captured Bengbu.
May 1927: On 28 May, Li (Republic of China) took Suzhou.
June 1927: The NRA captured the vital railway junction of Xuzhou.
July 1927: By 24 July, the NPA had retaken Xuzhou.
September 1927: Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan aligned his province with the Nanjing government.
December 1927: The combined NRA and Guominjun forces took Xuzhou.
April 1928: The Kuomintang captured Tengzhou by 16 April.
April 1928: The Chinese Republican forces occupy Jining.
April 1928: Chinese Republican forces troops entered Jinan.
May 1928: The Kuomintang Third Army, led by General Xu Yongchang, was able to capture Zhangjiakou.
May 1928: Nankou Pass conquered by Kuomintang.
June 1928: The NRA Third Collective Army marched into Beijing.
June 1928: Zhang Zongchang subordinate Xu Yuanquan subsequently surrendered Tianjin to the Chinese Republican First Collective Army.
December 1928: Zhang Xueliang officially declared his allegiance to the nationalist government in Nanjing on 29 December 1928, marking the formal end of the Northern Expedition, and the reunification of China.
1.1.1.Jinan incident
Was a dispute between the Japanese army and the Kuomintang.
May 1928: The Jinan incident began as a 3 May 1928 dispute between Chiang Kai-shek's National Revolutionary Army (NRA) and Japanese soldiers and civilians in Jinan, the capital of Shandong province in China, which then escalated into an armed conflict between the NRA and the Imperial Japanese Army.
April 1929: The Japanese army occupied Jinan until March 1929.
A period (1839-1949) of foregin interventions in China resulting in the occupation, conquest or lease of large territories by foregin countries.
2.1.Concessions in China
During the XIX and XX century China was forced into treaties with foreign powers that established concessions (factually enclaves) in its territory.
January 1927: Chinese Nationalist forces occupy the British Concession in Hankou.
July 1927: China takes over administration and terminates the Russian Concession in Tianjin.
January 1928: The British Concession in Jiujiang was occupied by National government's troops to prevent it from being looting by violent crowds of demonstrants.
January 1930: The Kuomintang government revoked the British concession at Zhenjiang in 1929.
October 1930: British Weihaiwei returned to China.
January 1931: An agreement to return the concession of Belgian Concession in Tianjin to China was signed in August 1929 and approved by the Belgian parliament in 1931.
January 1938: The Japanese Concession in Chongqing was abandoned at the outbreak of Second Sino-Japanese War.
October 1938: Japan temporarily evacuate its concession in Hankou.
October 1945: U.S. Marines accept the surrender of Japanese troops in Tientsin.
2.2.Sino-Japanese Wars
Were two major wars between China and Japan in the XIX and XX centuries.
2.2.1.Second Sino-Japanese War
Was a military conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater of the wider Pacific Theater of the Second World War.
September 1937: Japan occupied Beigan and Nangan via the Collaborationist Chinese Army, making the islands the first in Fujian to fall to Japan.
January 1938: Japan occupied Kinmen County.
October 1939: Baotou was under japanese control.
January 1941: During the Chinese Civil War and the Sino-Japanaese War, the territory controlled by Tibet increased.
January 1944: Territorial change based on available maps.
2.2.1.1.Japanese invasion of Manchuria
The Japanese Army invaded Manchuria in 1931 following the Mukden Incident. At the end of the invasion in February 1932, the Japanese established the puppet state of Manchukuo.
October 1931: The Mukden Incident, or Manchurian Incident, was an event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the Japanese invasion in 1931 of northeastern China. Under orders from Lieutenant General Jirō Tamon, troops of the 2nd Division moved up the rail line and captured virtually every city along its 730-mile length in a matter of days, occupying Anshan, Haicheng, Kaiyuan, Tiehling, Fushun, Szeping-Chieh, Changchun, Kuanchengtzu, Yingkou, Antung, and Penhsihu.
November 1931: On 17 November, in subzero weather, 3,500 Japanese troops, under the command of General Jirō Tamon, mounted an attack, forcing General Ma from Tsitsihar by 19 November.
January 1932: Japanese forces occupied Chinchow on 3 January 1932, after the Chinese defenders retreated without giving combat.
January 1932: The Japanese occupied Shanhaiguan completing their military takeover of southern Manchuria.
February 1932: Japanese forces took Harbin on 4 February 1932.
2.2.1.1.1.Jinzhou Operation
Was an operation in 1931 during the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Japanese forces occupied Jinzhou on January 3, 1932.
January 1932: Japanese forces occupied Jinzhou.
2.2.1.1.2.Jiangqiao Campaign
Was an operation in 1931 during the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
November 1932: On November 18, Ma (China) evacuated Qiqihar.
2.2.1.2.Defense of the Great Wall
Was a military campaign where Japan successfully captured the Inner Mongolian province of Rehe from the Chinese warlord Zhang Xueliang, and incorporated it into the newly created state of Manchukuo.
February 1933: On February 25, Chaoyang and Kailu were taken by the Japanese.
March 1933: The Japanese 4th Cavalry Brigade encountered resistance from the forces of Sun Dianying, and after days of fighting, took Chifeng.
March 1933: Japanese cavalry and the 1st Special Tank Company took Chengde the capital of Rehe.
March 1933: End of Chinese resistence in Manchuria.
March 1933: Japanese troops pushed up to the Great Wall itself.
April 1933: The Kuomintang 29th Corps evacuated from Xifengkou Pass.
April 1933: Japanese troops retook Lengkou Pass after dozens of seesaw fights over the pass defenses and Chinese forces at Jielingkou abandoned that pass.
April 1933: The advancing Japanese forces approached Miyun.
May 1933: In April 1933, collaborationist General Liu Guitang, under Japanese orders, crossed into southeastern Chahar province in the Dolonor region, as a diversionary feint to draw off Chinese reinforcements to the Great Wall. Finding little resistance, Liu then led his 3,000 troops further east toward Changpei.
May 1933: Dolon Nor and Guyuan were taken over by the Kuomintang forces.
May 1933: The Chinese army retreated from their remaining positions on the Great Wall.
June 1933: Kangbao fell under Japanese military occupation.
2.2.1.3.Actions in Inner Mongolia
Was a Japanese military campaign in Inner Mongolia, part of the Japanese invasion of northern China during the Sino-Japanese War.
2.2.1.3.1.Campaign of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army
Was a military offensive by the Kuomintang against the invading Japanese army in Inner Mongolia, during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
June 1933: The Manchukuo force under General Cui Xingwu fled, allowing the Chinese forces to re-occupy the town of Kangbao.
June 1933: The Northern corps recaptured Baochang.
July 1933: The Chinese re-captured Dolonnur on July 12, effectively driving the Japanese-Manchukuo armies out of Chahar province.
September 1933: Miyun was occupied by the Kuomintang.
September 1933: Chinese general Fang Zhenwu attacked and occupied Gaoliying.
2.2.1.3.2.Suiyuan Campaign
Was a Japanese military campaign in the Suiyuan province of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
November 1936: The first contact between Nationalist and Inner Mongolian forces occurred at the town of Hongort on 14 November.
November 1936: A Chinese counterattack surprised the invaders and led to a disorganized retreat back to their headquarters at Bailingmiao.
2.2.1.4.Full Scale Invasion of China (Second Sino-Japanese War)
Was the first Japanese campaign of the full scale invasion of China after the occupation of Manchuria, during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The campaign led to the military occupation of many important Chinese cities, including Shanghai, Nanjing and Kaifeng.
June 1937: On June 6, the Japanese captured Kaifeng.
September 1937: Sporadic skirmishing soon escalated into a full-scale battle in which Beijing and its port city of Tianjin fell to Japanese forces (July-August 1937).
November 1937: Battle of Taiyuan.
December 1937: Battle of Nanjing.
May 1938: Battle of Xuzhou.
October 1938: The Japanese captured Wuhan, forcing the KMT to retreat to Chongqing.
2.2.1.4.1.Battle of Shanghai
Was a battle between China and Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War resulting in the Japanese occupation of Shanghai.
August 1937: On August 22, the Japanese 3rd, 8th, and 11th Divisions made an amphibious assault under the cover of naval bombardment and proceeded to land in Chuanshakou, towns on the northeast coast some fifty kilometers away from downtown Shanghai.
August 1937: The SEF, led by Iwane Matsui, landed in Liuhe, Wusong, and Chuanshakou.
September 1937: On September 6 Baoshan fell to the Japanese.
October 1937: Dachang finally fell to Japanese forces.
November 1937: Jinshanwei conquered by japan.
November 1937: Battle of Shanghai.
2.2.1.5.Battle of Beiping-Tianjin
Was a series of battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War fought in the proximity of Beiping (now Beijing) and Tianjin.
July 1937: General Zhang Zizhong was ordered to withdraw toward Machang and Yangliuching south of Tianjin, abandoning the city and Taku Forts to the Japanese.
August 1937: Beiping was captured by the Japanese without further resistance.
2.2.1.6.Operation Chahar
Was a Japanese military operation against China that took place near Beiping during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
August 1937: A Japanese attack on August 11, supported by tanks and aircraft, took Nankou Station.
August 1937: Kalgan fell to the Japanese on August 27.
2.2.1.7.Battle of Taiyuan
Was a battle between China and Japan that took place in the Chinese region of Shanxi during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
October 1937: The city of Datong fell to the Japanese..
November 1937: The Japanese outflanked Niangziguan in late October, compromising the Chinese defense resulting in the fall of Taiyuan.
2.2.1.7.1.Battle of Xinkou
Was a military engagement between China and Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
October 1937: Gouxian fall into Japanese hands.
October 1937: The 20th division of the Japanese army captured Jingxing.
November 1937: The Japanese troops captured Shouyang.
2.2.1.8.Tianjin-Pukou Railway Operation
Was a follow up operation to the Battle of Beiping-Tianjin of the Japanese army in North China at the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
December 1937: The Japanese advance stopped at Jinan on the Yellow River after majority of the participating Japanese forces were redirected for the Battle of Taiyuan.
2.2.1.9.Battle of Nanking
Was fought in early December 1937 during the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army for control of Nanking (Nanjing), the capital of the Republic of China.
December 1937: On December 10 Matsui ordered an all-out attack on Nanking, and after less than two days of intense fighting Chiang decided to abandon the city.
2.2.1.10.Beiping-Hankou Railway Operation
Was a follow up to the Battle of Beiping-Tianjin of the Japanese army in North China at the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
January 1938: The Japanese advanced to the south along the Beiping-Hankou Railway until the Yellow River, capturing Linfen along the way.
2.2.1.11.Battle of Xuzhou
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in May 1938 during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
February 1938: Qingdao was occupied in January 1938 by Japan.
April 1938: In March 1938 Japanese forces occupied the north of Shandong, including the capital city Jinan.
2.2.1.12.Amoy Operation
Was part of a campaign by Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War to prevent China from communicating with the outside world and importing needed arms and materials.
May 1938: Japan started a blockade of China to prevent it from communicating with the outside world and importing needed arms and materials. Control of Amoy Island provided a base to make the blockade of Fujian province more effective.
2.2.1.13.Battle of Wuhan
Was a large-scale battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War that took place in the area of Wuhan.
June 1938: The Japanese made a naval landing and captured Anqing.
June 1938: Ruichang was captured on the 24th by the Japanese.
June 1938: The Kuomintang could not repel the landing force of the Japanese 106th Division from capturing Jiujiang on the 26th.
August 1938: The Japanese 6th Division breached the defensive lines of Chinese 31st and 68th Army on 24 July and captured Taihu, Susong, and Huangmei counties on 3 August.
August 1938: Japanese forces captured Wuhan.
August 1938: The Chinese recaptured Taihu on 27 August.
August 1938: Susong County conquered by Kuomintang.
August 1938: The Japanese breached the Chinese 51st Army's defensive line and captured Liuan.
September 1938: Guangji, a city in China, was captured by Japanese forces on 6 September 1938.
September 1938: On 6 September 1938, Japanese forces captured Gushi.
September 1938: Guangji was recovered by the Chinese 4th Corps.
September 1938: Wuxue was lost to the Japanese.
September 1938: The Japanese 2nd Army captured Xinyang.
September 1938: On 16 September, the Japanese captured Shangcheng.
September 1938: The Japanese 10th Division defeated the Chinese 17th Group Army and 45th Army, capturing Lushan.
September 1938: The Tianjia Town Fort was captured by the Japanese.
October 1938: Guangzhou fell to the Japanese on 21 October.
October 1938: On 24 October, the Japanese occupied Macheng.
October 1938: The Japanese Army captured Wuchang and Hankou.
October 1938: The Japanese captured Hanyang on the 27th concluding the campaign in Wuhan.
2.2.1.14.Hainan Island Operation
Was a Japanese military operation against China that took place in the area of Hainan during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
February 1939: Japanese Navy land combat units effected a landing at Haikou at 1200.
February 1939: Japanese land combat units landed at Samah (Sanya) in Hainan Island.
February 1939: Japanese units engaged in the occupation and subjugation of the entire island of Hainan.
2.2.1.15.Battle of Nanchang
Was a military campaign fought around Nanchang, Jiangxi, between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army and the Japanese Imperial Japanese Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War.
March 1939: The strategic location of Wucheng, located at where Xiushui River enters Poyang Lake, sustained heavy naval bombardment and airstrikes by the Japanese navy and fell shortly after to the Special Naval Landing Forces on 23 March.
March 1939: The city of Nanchang fell to the Japanese.
2.2.1.16.Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in northern Hubei during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
May 1939: Two Japanese divisions captured Tanghe, Nanyang and Xinye.
May 1939: The Japanese 13th and 16th Divisions broke through Chinese 77th Corps' defensive lines, and successfully captured Zaoyang.
2.2.1.17.Swatow Operation
Was a Japanese military operation against China that took place in the area of Shantou during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
June 1939: They Chinese fell back to the Yenfu-Meihsi line.
June 1939: The Japanese advancing from the west captured Chaochow after heavy street fighting.
2.2.1.18.Battle of Changsha (1939)
Was the first of four attempts by Japan to take the city of Changsha, Hunan, during the second Sino-Japanese War.
September 1939: After fierce fighting, the Chinese defending forces abandoned Gao'an to the Japanese.
September 1939: Japanese troops launched an offensive on Changsha.
September 1939: Cunqianjie conquered by Kuomintang.
September 1939: The Kuomintang retook Gao'an in a counterattack on 22 September.
September 1939: Japanese forces drove the Chinese out of the Xinqiang river area.
October 1939: By 10 October, Chinese forces had completely regained their former territories in northern Hunan Province, southern Hubei Province and northern Jiangxi Province.
2.2.1.19.Battle of South Guangxi
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in southern Guangxi during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
December 1939: In November 1939, the Japanese landed on the coast of Guangxi and captured Nanning.
December 1940: By November 1940, Japanese forces had evacuated from Guangxi except from some coastal enclaves.
2.2.1.20.1939-40 Winter Offensive
Was a failed Japanese military operation against China that took place in central China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
December 1939: The Kuomintang took Hangchow, Fuyang and Yu-hang on the night.
December 1939: On the 15th the Japanese recovered Yang-liu-ho.
December 1939: A Kuomintang division entered Kaifeng.
December 1939: The 8th War Area, after a see-saw campaign, had succeeded in rolling the Japanese back to Baotou in the Battle of Wuyuan.
December 1939: Beishe, southeast of Wenxi, was cleared of Japanese troops.
January 1940: Japanese conquest of Longxian.
January 1940: After routing the Japanese force coming from Longxian on January 1, the Chinese 54th Corps recaptured that town on the 2nd.
January 1940: Guandu fell to the Kuomintang on the 4th.
January 1940: Wangdian and the heights in front of the 29th Army group were captured by the Japanese.
January 1940: Qingtang conquered by Kuomintang.
January 1940: The Chinese 2nd Provisional Corps laid siege to Yingde and took it on the 5th.
January 1940: A counterattack by the 55th Division of the Republic of China recovered Wangdian.
January 1940: The Chinese 4th Division recovered Hua-shan.
January 1940: The Chinese 14th Division of 54th Corps recovered Pajiangkou.
January 1940: Conghua is occupied by the Kuomintang.
January 1940: Yinzhan'ao fell to the Kuomintang on January 16th.
January 1940: On January 20 and 24 Chinese forces cut the Han-Chang Highway northeast of Changzhi, capturing Licheng and Dongyangguan.
January 1940: A Chinese force captured Lucheng, but bitter fighting continued with Japanese forces east of the town.
January 1940: Under counterattack by the Chinese, the Japanese fell back to Xiaoshan.
February 1940: Wu-yuan fell to Japanese forces on February 3.
February 1940: Linhe conquered by japan.
April 1940: A guerrilla force and cavalry column recaptured Wuyuan.
2.2.1.21.Battle of Wuyuan
Was a Chinese counterattack that defeated the Japanese invasion of the Wuyuan area.
March 1940: The Kuomintang Captured the city of Wuyuan.
March 1940: Wuyuan again fell to the Japanese on the 26th.
April 1940: Chinese cavalry recovered Xishanzui as the Japanese retreated to the east.
April 1940: Conghua is occupied by the Kuomintang.
2.2.1.22.Battle of Zaoyang-Yichang
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China forces in Hubei during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
June 1940: Yichang was occupied by Japan.
2.2.1.23.Japanese invasion of French Indochina
Was the Japanese invasion and occupation of French Indochina.
August 1945: The Republic of China occupied Guangzhouwan following the surrender of Japan and France formally retroceded it with the Chungking Convention.
2.2.1.24.Battle of South Shanxi
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in Shanxi during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
May 1941: The Kuomintang troops had to abandon their mountainous bases in Southern Shanxi and lost control of several communication routes.
2.2.1.25.Battle of Changsha (1942)
Was a failed Japanese military operation against China that took place in the area of Changsha during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
January 1942: The Japanese occupy Changsha.
January 1942: Chinese forces are able to drive out the enemy from the Changsha area of Hunan Province.
2.2.1.26.Battle of Changde
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in the area of Changde during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
November 1943: The Japanese 13th Division, with aid from collaborators, drove south and broke through the defensive lines of the Chinese 10th and the 29th Group Armies.
November 1943: Fang Xianjue's 10th Corps (Kuomintang) successfully retook Deshan.
December 1943: The city of Changde fell to the Japanese control.
December 1943: Depleted of food and ammunition, the Japanese retreated from Changde.
2.2.1.27.Operation Ichi-Go
Was a major Japanese military operation in southern China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
May 1944: The Japanese 3rd Tank Division began to attack Luoyang on May 13 and took it on May 25.
January 1945: In December 1944, Japanese forces reached French Indochina.
2.2.1.27.1.Battle of Changsha (1944)
Was an invasion of the Chinese province of Hunan by Japanese troops near the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
July 1944: Changsha was lost to the Japanese.
August 1944: The Japanese captured the Chinese Tenth Corps commander Fang Xianjue, who surrendered Hengyang.
2.2.1.27.2.Battle of Guilin-Liuzhou
Was a battle between China and Japan that took place in Guangxi, during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
August 1944: After 10 days of intense fighting, the Japanese occupied Guilin, and on the same day entered Liuzhou as well.
November 1944: The Japanese were in control of 75 counties in Guangxi, roughly 2/3 its area.
2.2.1.27.3.Battle of Mount Song
Was a Chinese military campaign against Japanese occupation in Yunnan, during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
September 1944: Chinese Nationalist forces retake Mount Song.
2.2.1.28.Battle of West Hunan
Was the Japanese invasion of west Hunan and the subsequent Allied counterattack that occurred between 6 April and 7 June 1945, during the last months of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
April 1945: The first part of the Japanese Henan offensive, which began on March 21 with an attack against western Henan and northern Hubei, was a success: the Japanese managed to take control of several air bases, depriving the Chinese of the possibility of receive airborne reinforcements.
2.2.1.29.Second Guangxi campaign
Was a Chinese counter offensive to retake the last major Japanese stronghold in Guangxi province, South China during April-August 1945.
August 1945: The Chinese fully regained control of Jiangxi.
August 1945: Japanese troops surrender in Guangxi.
2.3.Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
Was a military campaign of the Soviet Union in the Chinese northwestern region of Xinjiang in 1934.
March 1934: The Torgut and Russian army marched into Korla.
May 1934: Conclusion of a ceasefire between the Kuomintang and the USSR. Xinjiang is divided into two.
January 1935: Battle of Tutung.
Was a civil war in Afghanistan.
3.1.Afghan campaign of the Red Army (1929)
Was a special operation aimed at supporting the ousted king of Afghanistan, Amanullah Khan, against the Saqqawists and Basmachi.
May 1929: Not meeting any resistance, the Red Army entered the city of Tashkurgan.
May 1929: The Red Army left Afghanistan after the flight of King Amanullah Khan abroad.
Was a war between Tibet and China over disputed border regions that begun when the Tibetan forces invaded the area.
August 1930: The Dhargyä monks requested the aid of the Tibetan government, whose forces entered Beri and drove Liu Wenhui's army (China) out.
March 1932: The Chinese forces retreated to the capital of Yushu county, Jiegue, under Ma Biao to defend it against the Tibetans.
August 1932: The land occupied in Yushu by the Tibetans was retaken.
January 1934: All Tibetan (Kham) territories east of the Yangtse fell into Chinese hands, with the Upper Yangtse River becoming the border between Chinese and Tibetan controlled areas.
January 1934: The army of Ma Bufang vanquished the Tibetan armies and recaptured several counties in Xikang province, including Shiqu, Dengke and other counties.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
5.1.World War II (Asia & Pacific)
Was the East Asian, South Asian and Pacific theatre of World War II.
5.1.1.Japanese Surrender (World War II)
Were the evacuation of the Japanese forces from occupied territories after the formal surrender of the Empire of Japan.
August 1945: Japanese Taiwan and the Spratly Islands are placed under the authority of China.
5.2.End of World War II in Europe
Refers to the surrender of Axis forces and the end of World War II and to the territorial changes that were a direct consequence of World War II but happened after the traditional end of the War.
5.2.1.The Surrender of Japanese forces
Surrender of Japanese forces at the end of World War II.
September 1945: The remaining Japanese forces in China surrender.
Was a civil war fought in China between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. The war continued intermittently for more than twenty years, and overlappes with the Second Sino-Japanese War that started in 1937 with the Japanese occupation of Manchuria. The Communists gained control of mainland China and established the People's Republic of China in 1949, forcing the leadership of the Kuomintang-led Republic of China to retreat to the island of Taiwan.
November 1945: Expansion of Communist forces by the end of 1945 during the Chinese Civil War.
July 1946: Expansion of Communist forces by mid 1946 during the Chinese Civil War.
6.1.First Phase (Chinese Civil War)
Was the first phase of the Chinese Civil War. It ended when the war was interrupted by the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
6.1.1.Communist Control (Chinese Civil War)
The Red Army established control over several scattered areas in China.
January 1930: The Chinese Red Army consisting of mutinous former National Revolutionary Army (NRA) soldiers as well as armed peasants established control over several areas in southern China.
6.1.2.Agrarian Revolutionary War
Were the campaigns launched by forces of the Chinese Nationalist Government against forces of the Chinese Communist Party during the early stage of the Chinese Civil War.
January 1933: Kuomintang encirclement campaign against the Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet.
October 1934: Kuomintang's fifth encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet.
November 1934: Kuomintang's fifth encirclement campaign against the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet.
6.1.3.The Long March
Military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army. .
October 1934: Military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army.
October 1935: Military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army.
6.2.War in Xinjiang
Was the theatre of war of the Chinese Civil war in Xinjiang, where the First and Second East Turkestan Republic were founded.
November 1933: The First East Turkestan Republic was a short-lived breakaway Islamic republic established in 1933. It controlled the Kashgar region.
6.3.Second Phase (Chinese Civil War)
Was the second phase of the Chinese Civil War. The war had been interrupted by the Japanese invasion of China in 1937. After the defeat of Japan in World War II, the Chinese Civil War resumed in 1945.
August 1945: At the Battle of Tianmen on August 17, the communists destroyed a contingent of Japanese soldiers and Nationalist troops previously subservient to the rule of the Japanese occupiers.
August 1945: Battle of Yongjiazhen.
August 1945: Battle of Wuhe.
September 1945: Battle of Lishi.
September 1945: Linyi Campaign: Communist offensive on the Shandong Peninsula that was largely successful, as all of the peninsula, except what was controlled by the US, fell to the Communists.
September 1945: Taixing Campaign.
September 1945: Battle of Dazhongji.
September 1945: Wudi Campaign.
September 1945: Battle of Xiangshuikou.
September 1945: Battle of Rugao.
October 1945: Battle of Houmajia.
December 1945: The Japanese brigade headquarter in the city of Gaoyou was taken and the remaining defenders consisting of mostly Japanese troops ceased their resistance and surrendered.
December 1945: By the end of December 1945, over sixteen major cities, towns and vast area along the highway from Yangzhou to Taizhou, Jiangsu including Yiling (宜陵), Tangtou (塘头) and the Village of Guo (Guocun, 郭村) had fallen into communist hands.
January 1946: On January 8, 1946, Liu Handong, the commander of the Nationalist 107th Division, arrived at Siping with over a hundred associates to discuss the city's transfer from the Soviet Red Army to the Chinese administration. The Red Army still occupied the city at the time. Subsequently, on January 10, the Nationalists created the Liaobei Province, with Liu Handong named the chairman of the province.
March 1946: Battle of Siping.
May 1946: Nationalists take Siping.
October 1946: Battle of Kalgan.
March 1947: Battle of Yan'an.
April 1947: Battle of Niangziguan.
July 1947: Expansion of Communist forces by mid 1947 during the Chinese Civil War.
December 1947: Battle of Phoenix Peak.
May 1948: By April 1948 the city of Luoyang fell to Communist forces.
May 1948: Linfen Campaign.
July 1948: Expansion of Communist forces by mid 1948 during the Chinese Civil War.
September 1948: Battle of Jinan.
October 1948: Xinjiang is annexed by the Chinese communists.
April 1949: The communists captured the Kuomintang's capital, Nanjing.
April 1949: Taiyuan campaign by communist forces.
July 1949: Expansion of Communist forces by mid 1949 during the Chinese Civil War.
October 1949: Expansion of Communist forces by mid 1949 during the Chinese Civil War.
October 1949: The KMT government retreated to Canton (Guangzhou) until October 15.
November 1949: Chonqqing conquered by People's Republic of China.
December 1949: The Chinese Civil War resulted in the Republic of China's loss of mainland China to the Chinese Communist Party and retreat to Taiwan in 1949. Although the Republic of China government continued to claim to be the legitimate representative of China, since 1950 its effective jurisdiction has been limited to Taiwan and numerous smaller islands. Government moved to Taipei 7 December 1949.
6.3.1.Southern Jiangsu Campaign
Were a 1945 series of battles fought at the Southern Jiangsu and adjacent regions in Anhui and northern Zhejiang between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Red Army.
August 1945: The 1st Column of the communist Jiangsu - Zhejiang Military Region attacked Jintan and Liyang, and annihilated the defenders consisted of a detachment of Japanese troops and two regiments of former nationalists turned Japanese puppet regime force in the process.
August 1945: Ji'an fell into communist hands.
August 1945: Guangde County fell into communist hands.
6.3.2.Huaiyin-Huai'an Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War. The communists took the city of Huaiyin and the city of Huai'an.
September 1945: The three-brigade strong nationalist defending force of Huai'an was completely annihilated by the Communists.
6.3.3.Shangdang Campaign
Were a 1945 series of battles fought in the Shanxi province between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Red Army.
September 1945: The Communists did take the town of Tunliu.
September 1945: By September 9 Xiangyuan, Changzi , Tunliu, Lucheng, Huguang and other counties were taken by the Communists.
6.3.4.Weixian-Guangling-Nuanquan Campaign
Were a 1945 series of battles fought in the Shanxi and Chahat provinces between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Red Army.
October 1945: The general assault on the town begun and after three hours of fierce fight and the entire garrison of defenders was completely annihilated.
October 1945: The general assault on the town of Nuanquan (暖泉) begun and after three hours of fierce fight, the entire garrison of defenders was completely annihilated by Communist forces.
November 1945: Wei (蔚) County is conquered by the Communists.
6.3.5.Handan Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Handan.
December 1945: Battle of Shaobo.
6.3.6.Houma Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Shanxi.
January 1946: After repeated nationalist attacks were beaten back by the stubborn enemy, Yan Xishan was forced to accept defeat by ordering Wang Jingguo to sign a truce with Chen Geng, and the condition prior to the campaign was restored. The regions to the west of Houma, including Donggaocun (东高村), Xigaocun (西高村), and Mazhuang (马庄) are acquired by the Communists.
6.3.7.Campaign of the North China Plain Pocket
Were a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War, resulting in a successful communist breakout from the nationalist encirclement.
June 1946: The communists took Liu Lin, 柳林.
July 1946: The communists reached the region Shi Gang (师岗) south of Nei Xiangy (内乡) in southwestern Henan.
July 1946: On July 13, 1946, the communist 359th Brigade launched an offensive to take Xichuan (淅川), and Madeng Pu (马蹬辅).
July 1946: On July 13, 1946, the communist 359th Brigade launched its offensive to take these crossing points in heavy rains by besieging Xichuan as the communist 13th Brigade besieged Stirrup Shop.
July 1946: The communist of the 359th Brigade reached Jingzi Pass (Jingzi Guang, 荆紫关).
July 1946: The communist left column reached the Nan Hua Tang ( 南化塘) region
July 1946: The communist left column reached the region of Zhao Jia Chuan (赵家川)
6.3.8.Battle of Huaiyin-Huai'an
Was a month-long battle between the Nationalists and the Communists during the Chinese Civil War for the control of Huaiyin and Huai'an.
August 1946: By the beginning of September 1946, the Nationalist Reorganized 69th Division and the Reorganized 74th Division stopped its advance at the Xiuqian (宿迁) and Suining regions.
September 1946: The Nationalist 7th Army crossed the Grand Canal of China and took Siyang (泗阳).
September 1946: The Nationalist Reorganized 74th Division attacked from the right flank of the Nationalist 7th Army, taking Yuan Zhuang (袁庄) and Xu Zhuang (徐庄) from the Communist.
September 1946: The Nationalists (Kuomintang) captured the city of Huaiyin.
September 1946: On September 21 Communists abandoned Huai'an.
6.3.9.Campaign along the Southern Section of Datong-Puzhou Railway
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Shanxi.
August 1946: The Communists took Hongtong, City of Zhao (Zhao Cheng, 赵城), Huo (霍) County, Lingshi (灵石) and Fenxi (汾西).
6.3.10.Longhai Campaign
Was a campaign launched against the nationalists by the communists during Chinese Civil War in the post World War II era.
August 1946: Regions including Ba (把) County and Tongxu (通许), had fallen into communist hands.
August 1946: After three days of fierce fighting, regions including Lanfeng (兰封) and Dang (砀) Mountains, plus more than a dozen important railway stations including Lizhuang (李庄), Yangji (杨集), Liuheji (柳河集), Yejigang (野鸡岗), and Luowang (罗王) fell into Communist hands.
6.3.11.Datong-Puzhou Campaign
Was a campaign that communists fought against the nationalist during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era in Shanxi, and resulted in communist victory.
August 1946: The communists took the town of Hongdong.
August 1946: Zhao (赵) City conquered by Communists (Chinese Civil War).
August 1946: Huo (霍) county conquered by Communists (Chinese Civil War).
August 1946: Lingshi (灵石) conquered by Communists (Chinese Civil War).
August 1946: Fenxi (汾西) conquered by Communists (Chinese Civil War).
September 1946: He communists ended the campaign on September 1, 1946 when they took Fu Jia Tan (富家滩).
6.3.12.Battle of Rugao-Huangqiao
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Jiangsu.
August 1946: The nationalist 99th Brigade of the Reorganized 69th Division in the Fenjie (分界) region was completely annihilated.
August 1946: The nationalist 187th Brigade and a regiment of the nationalist 79th Brigade in the Jiali (加力) region was also annihilated completely.
August 1946: Fall of Yellow Bridge (Huangqiao, 黄桥) Town to communist forces.
6.3.13.Dingtao Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Shandong.
September 1946: The headquarters brigade of the nationalist Reorganized 3rd Division advanced to the Tianyemiao (天爷庙) region.
6.3.14.Datong-Jining Campaign
Was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists mainly in northern Shanxi and the surrounding regions during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era.
September 1946: By September 13, 1946, the nationalist reinforcement reached Jining and begun their attack on the city. The communists were forced to abandon the city in the evening on the same day.
6.3.15.Linfen-Fushan Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Shanxi.
September 1946: Floating Mountain (Fushan, 浮山) conquered by Kuomintang.
September 1946: The nationalist 167th Brigade of the Reorganized 1st Division and the nationalist 27th Brigade of the Reorganized 30th Division abandoned Fushan (浮山).
6.3.16.Lüliang Campaign
Was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists in Lüliang region in southwestern Shanxi during the Chinese Civil War in the post World War II.
November 1946: The communists succeeded in taking several nationalist strongholds including Daning (大宁), Yonghe (永 和), Pu (蒲) County, Shi Lou (石楼), Xi (隰) County and Zhong Yang (中阳)
December 1946: A vast region bordered by the Yellow River in the west, the Datong – Pukou Railway in the east, Zhong Yang (中阳) in the north and the Ji (吉) County in the south had fallen into Communist hands by December 12, 1946.
January 1947: The communists concluded thire campaign by taking Pu (蒲) County.
6.3.17.Battle of Guanzhong (1946-47)
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Guanzhong.
January 1947: The Kuomintang conquered several regions including Xipodian (西坡店), Gongjiaxie (巩家斜), Changshetou (长舌头), and Wuwangshan (武王山)
January 1947: The 3rd Regiment of the communist 1st Garrison Brigade took the town of Yunyi (旬邑).
January 1947: The communists abandoned the town of Yunyi (旬邑) and retreated with the captured supplies.
January 1947: Nationalist forts including Liangzhuang (梁庄), Huangpu (黄甫), Baizitou (白子头), Jinchi (金池), and Longao (龙高) fell into enemy hands.
January 1947: The 143rd Regiment of the 48th Brigade of the nationalist Reorganized 17th Division reached the regions of Jinchi (金池), and Longao (龙高).
January 1947: The 368th Regiment of the 123rd Brigade of the nationalist Reorganized 36th Division reached the region of Tongrun (通润).
January 1947: Region of Weijia (魏家) conquered by Kuomintang.
6.3.18.Campaign to the South of Baoding
Consisted of several battles fought in regions south of Baoding between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War after World War II, and resulted in the communist victory.
January 1947: Surprise communist attacks on Imperial Capital Village (王京村) and the town of Wangdu (望都)
January 1947: The Communist 4th Column launched the final assault on the besieged town of Dingzhou, badly mauling the Nationalist brigade.
6.3.19.Zhengtai Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Hebei and in Shanxi.
April 1947: Niangzi (娘子) Pass and Jingin (井陉) conquered by Communists (Chinese Civil War).
April 1947: Important nationalist strongholds to the north of Yangquan including White Earth Slope (Baitupo, 白土坡), Upper Yinying (Shangyinying 上荫莹), and Lower Yinying (Xiayinying, 下荫莹) fell into Communist hands.
April 1947: The nationalist strongholds, including Tang'erli (堂二里) township of Ba (霸) County, Anci (安次) county, and the region of Xushengkou (徐胜口) were taken by communist forces on 27 April 1947.
April 1947: The Communists took Qinquan (芹泉), Yu (盂) County, and Ceshiyi (测石驿).
May 1947: The nationalists abandoned Yangquan, which could not be held any longer.
May 1947: Nationalist defenders at Shouyang (寿阳) abandoned their posts under communist's overwhelming pressure.
6.3.20.Summer Offensive of 1947 in Northeast China
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Northern China.
May 1947: The Kuomintang occupies Shancheng Zhen (山城镇), and Cao Shi (草市).
May 1947: The communist 3rd Column took Shancheng Zhen (山城镇), and Cao Shi (草市)..
May 1947: The communist 4th Division and the 6th Division of the 2nd Column succeeded in taking Huaide (怀德).
May 1947: After fierce fighting of 5 days, the stronghold of Meihekou (梅河口) fell into the communist hands.
June 1947: The Communists succeeded in taking Tonghua (通化), (Xinbin) 新宾, Kuandian (宽甸), Zhuanghe (庄河), Fu County (复县), Gaiping (盖平), and Dashiqiao (石桥)
6.3.21.Heshui Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in the eastern Gansu province in northwestern China.
May 1947: Dong Guan (东关) fell to the Communist 718th Regiment.
May 1947: Eastern Pass (Dong Guan) of the town fell into the 718th Regiment.
6.3.22.Campaign to the North of Baoding
Consisted of several battles fought between the Nationalists and the Communists in the region north of Baoding during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era and resulted in a Communist victory.
June 1947: The Communist 2nd Column succeeded in taking Xushui (徐水).
June 1947: On June 27 the Communist 4th Column succeeded in taking regions that included Er Shi Li Pu (二十里铺), Cao He Tou (漕河头), Xu He Qiao (徐河桥) and Sun Zhuang (孙庄).
June 1947: The Communist 3rd Column took Gu Cheng (固城).
6.3.23.Campaign to the North of Daqing River
Was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists in Hebei, China during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era.
September 1947: The Kuomintant was forced to abandon the city of Laishui (涞水) after suffering heavy loss in a fierce battle that lasted from September 6 to September 8, 1947.
6.3.24.Autumn Offensive of 1947 in Northeast China
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Northeast China.
October 1947: The Communists took Zhangwu after completely annihilating the local garrison.
October 1947: The Kuomintang retook Fuxin, Zhangwu, and Xinlitun.
October 1947: The communist 9th Column took Chaoyang.
November 1947: The nationalist local garrison of Yi County, the 4th Security Regiment, abandoned the town.
November 1947: In western Liaoning, the communist launched another round of offensive, taking Huapichang, Jiuzhan, Kouqian, Wulajie, Jiutai, Nong’an, and Dehui.
6.3.25.Campaign in the Eastern Foothills of the Funiu Mountains
Was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War after World War II for the control of western Hubei and the border areas of Hubei, Honan and Shensi provinces.
November 1947: From November 1, 1947 to November 4, 1947, Linru (临汝), Jia (郏) County, Dengfeng (登封), Lushan (鲁山), and Baofeng (宝丰) fell into the communist hands.
November 1947: The communist 10th Brigade of the 4th Column in the eastern foothills of the Funiu Mountains launched a surprise attack on Fang Cheng (方城), and the nationalist defenders abandoned the town and fled.
November 1947: The communist 10th Brigade of the 4th Column in the eastern foothills of the Funiu Mountains launched a surprise attack on Square City, and the nationalist defenders abandoned the town and fled.
November 1947: The communist 10th Brigade of the 4th Column suddenly struck the town of Nanzhao (南召).
November 1947: Square City (Fang Cheng, 方城) is taken by the Kuomintang.
November 1947: The nationalists wisely decided to abandon Fang Cheng (方城).
6.3.26.Jingshan-Zhongxiang Campaign
Was a half-year-long struggle in Hubei between the nationalists and the communists for the control of Jingshan and Zhongxiang regions during the Chinese Civil War.
December 1947: The 1st Regiment of the communist Independent brigade launched its assault on Jingshan. Faced with overwhelming enemy force, the security battalion guarding the city retreated without a fight.
December 1947: Battle to take Zhongxiang.
December 1947: The communists abandoned the city of Zhongxiang.
July 1948: In June 1948 Zhongxiang fell for the second time to the communists.
6.3.27.Winter Offensive of 1947 in Northeast China
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Northeast China.
December 1947: The Communist 2nd column and the 7th column took Zhangwu.
January 1948: Beipiao, Heishan, and Dahushan are occupied by the Kuomintang.
January 1948: Smaller cities like Beipiao, Heishan, Tai'an and Dahushan fell into communist hands.
January 1948: Taking of Xinli Village (新立屯) by Communist forces.
January 1948: The Communist 9th column, took Panshan.
February 1948: The Communist 4th column and the 6th column took Liaoyang.
February 1948: Communist forces took Anshan on February 19, 1948.
March 1948: The Nationalist garrison of Jilin City, the 60th Army, evacuated the city.
March 1948: The city of Siping is taken by Communist forces.
6.3.28.Zhoucun-Zhangdian Campaign
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Shandong.
March 1948: Under the cover of heavy rain, the Communist 7th Column suddenly besieged the town of Zhang Dian (张店).
March 1948: The Communists successfully penetrated into the town of Zhou Cun (周村), and after an eighteen-hour-long fierce street fight, most of the Nationalist Reorganized 32nd Division was destroyed.
March 1948: The Communist 7th Column took Zichuan and Zouping.
6.3.29.Hebei-Rehe-Chahar Campaign
A series of battles fought in Northern China between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War in the post World War II era, that resulted in communist victory.
June 1948: Several towns and counties are taken by Communist forces, including Luanping (滦平) County, Longhua (隆化), Fengning (丰宁), and Ping Quan (平泉)
June 1948: Fengrun (丰润), Rege Zhuang (任各庄), Zhenzi Zhen (榛子镇) and Yeji Tuo (野鸡坨)) fell into Communist hands.
June 1948: Communist forces took Shixia (石匣) and Xiao Ying (小营).
June 1948: By June 25, 1948, the Communists successfully took all of the nationalist strongholds along the Shi Men Jie (石门街) to Lichang (昌黎) city line.
6.3.30.Yanzhou campaign
Was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists for the control of the town Yanzhou.
June 1948: By June 20, 1948, other cities and towns including Dawenkou (Chinese: 大汶口; pinyin: Da Wen Kou; lit.: 'Big Wen Mouth'), Qufu (east of Yanzhou), and Zoucheng (south of Yanzhou) had fallen into Communist hands.
July 1948: The town of Yanzhou was declared secured by the communist forces at 6:00 p.m.
6.3.31.Liaoshen campaign
Was the first of the three major military campaigns (along with Huaihai campaign and Pingjin campaign) launched by the Communist People's Liberation Army (PLA) against the Kuomintang Nationalist government during the late stage of the Chinese Civil War.
September 1948: The Communists captured Suizhong, Changli, Tashan and Yixian.
October 1948: Battle of Jinzhou.
October 1948: Changchun surrendered the city to the communists.
November 1948: Fall of Shenyang.
6.3.32.Pingjin campaign
Was the second of the three major military campaigns launched by the Communist People's Liberation Army (PLA) against the Kuomintang Nationalist government during the late stage of the Chinese Civil War.
December 1948: The PLA Fourth Field Army captured Miyun.
December 1948: Battle of Xinbao'an.
January 1949: Taiyuan campaign by communist forces.
January 1949: Surrender of Beiping to Communist forces.
January 1949: The Pingjin Campaign resulted in the Communist conquest of northern China. It lasted 64 days, from 21 November 1948 to 31 January 1949.
6.3.33.Huaihai campaign
Was the last of the three major military campaigns launched by the Communist People's Liberation Army (PLA) against the Kuomintang Nationalist government during the late stage of the Chinese Civil War.
December 1948: Shuangduiji campaign.
January 1949: Fall of Xuzhou to the communists.
6.3.34.Shanghai Campaign
Was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists for the control of Shanghai, the largest city in China in the latter stage of the Chinese Civil War.
May 1949: The communist X Corps succeeded in taking Taicang, Kunshan, Jiading, and Liuhe.
May 1949: The communist IX Corps succeeded in taking several regions included Pinghu, Jinshanwei, Fengxian, Nanhui, Qingpu, Songjiang.
May 1949: The communist X Corps had managed to take Yuepu.
June 1949: Shanghai was taken over by the communists who enjoyed the numerical superiority.
6.3.35.Lanzhou Campaign
Was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists for the control of the largest city in northwestern China during the Chinese Civil War in the post World War II era.
August 1949: The communist XIX Corps took Dingxi.
August 1949: Lintao conquered by Communists (Chinese Civil War).
August 1949: The communist II Corps took Yuzhong.
August 1949: Fall of Lanzhou to the communists.
6.3.36.Ningxia Campaign (1949)
Was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Red army during the Chinese Civil War that took place in Ningxia.
September 1949: By 14 September 1949, towns including Jingyuan, Tongxin and Zhongning had fallen into communist hands.
September 1949: The main force of the communist 63rd Army took Chang Le Bao (常乐堡) to the south of Zhongwei (中卫) County .
September 1949: The communist XIX Corps entered Yinchuan.
6.3.37.Creation of the two Chinas
On 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the founding of the People's Republic of China. At the same time the Republic of China continued to exist in Taiwan.
6.3.38.Campaign to the North of Nanchuan County
Was a military campaign by the communists against the nationalists in Sichuan during the Chinese Civil War.
November 1949: Youyang (酉阳), Xiushan and Enshi fall into Communist hands.
Were a series of wars which were waged in Southeast Asia from 1946 to 1991, by communist Indochinese forces (mainly the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) against anti-communist forces (mainly French, the State of Vietnam, American, Cambodian, Laotian Royal, and Chinese forces). The term "Indochina" originally referred to French Indochina.
7.1.First Indochina War
Was a war between France and the Viet Minh coalition whose goal was the independence of Vietnam from Indochina. At the end of the war the French left French Indochina, which was dissolved and succeeded by the State of Vietnam, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, the Kingdom of Laos and the Kingdom of Cambodia.
November 1945: As agreed to at the Potsdam Conference, the Chinese 1st Army occupied Indochina as far south as the 16th parallel. They had been sent by Chiang Kai-shek under General Lu Han to accept the surrender of Japanese forces occupying that area, then to supervise the disarming and repatriation of the Japanese Army. This effectively ended Hồ Chí Minh's nominal government in Hanoi.
March 1946: Agreement between the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and France where the latter recognized Vietnam as a sovereign state.
January 1931: Upon Maqsud Shah's death in 1930, Chinese authorities replaced the Kumul Khanate with three normal provincial administrative districts Hami, Yihe, and Yiwu.
November 1933: The short-lived breakaway Islamic First East Turkestan Republic is founded.
April 1934: With the sacking of Kashgar in 1934 by Hui warlords, nominally allied with the Kuomintang government in Nanjing, the First East Turkestan Republic was effectively eliminated.
Disestablishment
January 1949: Fall of Xuzhou to the communists.
January 1949: Taiyuan campaign by communist forces.
January 1949: Surrender of Beiping to Communist forces.
January 1949: The Pingjin Campaign resulted in the Communist conquest of northern China. It lasted 64 days, from 21 November 1948 to 31 January 1949.
April 1949: The communists captured the Kuomintang's capital, Nanjing.
April 1949: Taiyuan campaign by communist forces.
May 1949: The communist X Corps succeeded in taking Taicang, Kunshan, Jiading, and Liuhe.
May 1949: The communist IX Corps succeeded in taking several regions included Pinghu, Jinshanwei, Fengxian, Nanhui, Qingpu, Songjiang.
May 1949: The communist X Corps had managed to take Yuepu.
June 1949: Shanghai was taken over by the communists who enjoyed the numerical superiority.
July 1949: Expansion of Communist forces by mid 1949 during the Chinese Civil War.
August 1949: The communist XIX Corps took Dingxi.
August 1949: Lintao conquered by Communists (Chinese Civil War).
August 1949: The communist II Corps took Yuzhong.
August 1949: Fall of Lanzhou to the communists.
September 1949: By 14 September 1949, towns including Jingyuan, Tongxin and Zhongning had fallen into communist hands.
September 1949: The main force of the communist 63rd Army took Chang Le Bao (常乐堡) to the south of Zhongwei (中卫) County .
September 1949: The communist XIX Corps entered Yinchuan.
October 1949: Expansion of Communist forces by mid 1949 during the Chinese Civil War.
October 1949: The KMT government retreated to Canton (Guangzhou) until October 15.
November 1949: Youyang (酉阳), Xiushan and Enshi fall into Communist hands.
November 1949: Chonqqing conquered by People's Republic of China.
December 1949: The Chinese Civil War resulted in the Republic of China's loss of mainland China to the Chinese Communist Party and retreat to Taiwan in 1949. Although the Republic of China government continued to claim to be the legitimate representative of China, since 1950 its effective jurisdiction has been limited to Taiwan and numerous smaller islands. Government moved to Taipei 7 December 1949.
Selected Sources
CCP expand 1934 - 1949. Wikipedia. Retrieved on 31 March 2024 on https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CCP_expand_1934_-_1949.PNG
Flemming, Thomas / Steinhage, Axel / Strunk, Peter (1995): Chronik 1946: Tag für Tag in Wort und Bild, Chronik-Verlag/Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag,p. 38
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 12
Kuomintang
