Most recent flag or coat of arms
Most recent flag or coat of arms
Video Summary
Video Summary
Maximum Extent
Maximum Extent (Interactive Map)

Data

Name: Duchy of Holstein-Gottorp

Type: Polity

Start: 1555 AD

End: 1762 AD

Nation: holstein-gottorp

Statistics

All Statistics: All Statistics

Icon Duchy of Holstein-Gottorp

This article is about the specific polity Duchy of Holstein-Gottorp and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

The parts of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, also known as Ducal Holstein, that were ruled by the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, a side branch of the elder Danish line of the House of Oldenburg.

Establishment


  • January 1555: Establishment of the Duchy of Holstein-Gottorp.
  • January 1555: Territorial change based on available maps.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. European wars of religion


    Were a series of wars in Europe (and the overseas possessions of European countries) the 16th, 17th and early 18th that started after the Protestant Reformation. Although the immediate causes of the wars were religious, the motives were complex and also included territorial ambitions.

    1.1.Thirty Years' War

    Was a war that took place mainly in central Europe between 1618 and 1648. The war began as a religious conflict between Catholics and Protestant in the Holy Roman Empire but then escalated into a conflict for the hegemony in Europe between Habsburg Spain and Austria, Sweden and France.

    1.1.1.Thirty Years' War Minor Scenarios

    A series of conflicts related to the Thirty Years' War.

    1.1.1.1.Torstenson War

    Was a brief war between Sweden and Denmark-Norway.

  • August 1645: The Second Treaty of Brömsebro ended the Torstenson War.

  • 1.1.2.Danish Period

    Was the second main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of Denmark.

  • April 1625: The Danish king occupied the towns of Verden and Nienburg, which belonged to the Lower Rhine-Westphalian imperial district.
  • May 1629: In 1629 Denmark signed the Peace of Lübeck with the Catholic League and withdrew from the war. The treaty restored to Christian IV of Denmark his pre-war possessions, and obliged him to cede his claims to Lower Saxon bishoprics, to discontinue his alliances with the North German states, and not to interfere with further imperial affairs in the future.

  • 1.1.3.Franco-Swedish Period

    Was the fourth main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of France.

    1.1.3.1.North German Front (Sweden)

    Was the north German front during the Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years' War.

  • January 1644: In 1643, during the Torstensson War, Swedish forces occupied Jutland as part of their military campaign against Denmark.

  • 2. Northern Wars


    A series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe from the 16th to the 18th century.

    2.1.Great Northern War

    Was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

    2.1.1.Phase 1: Swedish Dominance

    Was the first phase of the Great Northern War, characterized by Swedish victories.

  • April 1700: Danish troops set out on March 17, 1700 and occupied several places in Holstein-Gottorf.

  • 2.1.1.1.Danish Frontier of the Great Northern War

    Was the Danish theatre of war in the first phase of the Great Northern War.

  • April 1700: Danish troops entered Tönning.
  • August 1700: Charles XII of Sweden attacked Denmark by land and sea, forcing the country to sign a peace treaty. The rulers of Sweden and Denmark signed the Peace of Travendal (August 18, 1700), which restored the status quo ante.

  • 2.1.2.Phase 2: Sweden Defending itself

    Was the second phase of the Great Northern War. It consisted in the counterattack of all the countries that Sweden had invaded during the first phase of the war.

    2.1.2.1.North German Front of the Great Northern War

    Was the theatre of war of northern Germany in the second phase of the Great Northern War.

  • January 1713: On January 31, 1713, Russian troops pushed the Swedish army into the Tönning fortress belonging to Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf.
  • May 1713: Magnus Stenbock was surrounded in Tönning in February 1713 with 11,000 men by a superior force of Danish, Russian and Saxon troops and, after a three-month siege, was forced to capitulate on May 16, 1713.

  • 2.1.3.Peace Treaties of the Great Northern War

    Were the peace treaties that ended the Great Northern War.

    2.1.3.1.Peace of Frederiksborg

    Was a treaty that ended the Great Northern War between Denmark-Norway and Sweden.

  • July 1720: All of Schleswig was now united under the Danish crown.
  • July 1720: From the occupied Gottorf, Denmark returned only the Holstein parts to Duke Karl Friedrich,.

  • 3. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)


  • January 1560: The peasants of Dithmarschen were defeated by Danish-Schleswig-Holstein troops under General Johann Rantzau and lost their freedom.

  • January 1762: Charles Peter Ulrich of Gottorp, who acceded to the Russian throne as Peter III in 1762.

  • Disestablishment


  • January 1762: Charles Peter Ulrich of Gottorp, who acceded to the Russian throne as Peter III in 1762.
  • Selected Sources


  • Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), p. 26-49
  • Poten, B. (1879): Handwörterbuch der gesamten Militärwissenschaften, Velhagen & Klasing, p. 195
  • All Phersu Atlas Regions

    Africa

    Americas

    Asia

    Europe

    Oceania