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Is a country located primarily in North America. It consists of 48 contiguous states covering the central part of the North America, the state of Alaska occupying the northwestern portion of North America, the state of Hawaii in the Pacific, and several unincorporated territories in the Caribbean and in the Pacific. The United States of America was created on July 4, 1776, with the U.S. Declaration of Independence of thirteen British colonies in North America. The U.S. expanded their territory gradually. It initially controlled the east coast. The territory up to the Mississippi River was added with the Treaty of Paris of 1783 with Great Britain, then the U.S. acquired the central region of the contiguous states with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. With the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) the western and southwestern territory of the contiguous states, including Texas and California, was acquired. Hawaii was annexed in 1898. Alaska, the last major acquisition in North America, was purchased from Russia in 1867.
Establishment
July 1776: United States Declaration of Independence: the Thirteen Colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain regarded themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states, no longer under British rule.
July 1776: Retreat of the Continental army from Trois-Rivières.
August 1776: The British forces, led by General William Howe, landed on the shores of Gravesend Bay in southwest Kings County, across the Narrows from Staten Island in 1776. This marked the beginning of the British occupation of New York City during the American Revolutionary War.
August 1776: Battle of Long Island. British victory.
October 1776: An American failed counter-attack on June 8 ended their operations in Quebec. However, British pursuit was blocked by American ships on Lake Champlain until they were cleared on October 11 at the Battle of Valcour Island. The American troops were forced to withdraw to Ticonderoga, ending the campaign.
October 1776: Battle of Pell's Point. British victory.
October 1776: General William Howe and 13,500 British and Hessians square off against General George Washington and 14,500 Americans at White Plains, New York. British victory.
November 1776: Fort Washington, New York, is attacked by superior British forces.
November 1776: By November 27 a Colonial army led by Colonel Richardson reached the Congaree River.
December 1776: By December 2, 1776, General George Washington had reached the Dutch Fork region in South Carolina.
December 1776: He sent General Lord Cornwallis to chase Washington's army through New Jersey. The Americans withdrew across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania in early December.
December 1776: British took took Newport, Rhode Island.
December 1776: The Patriot force occupied the North Carolina interior by December 23. The Patriot forces then made their way back toward the coast.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was the war of independence of the United States of America (at the time the Thirteen Colonies) against Great Britain.
1.1.Invasion of Quebec (1775)
Was the unsuccesful invasion of the British Province of Quebec by the United States Continental Army.
1.2.Southern theatre of the American Revolutionary War
Was the southern theater of war of the American Revolutionary War. It encompassed engagements primarily in Virginia, Georgia and South Carolina.
December 1782: British evacuate Charleston, South Carolina.
1.2.1.Snow Campaign
Was a U.S. military campaign in Carolina during the American Revolutionary War.
1.2.2.British invasion of Georgia
Was the British invasion and conquest of territories in Georgia during the American Revolutionary War.
December 1778: A British expeditionary corps of 3,500 men from New York, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Campbell, captured Savannah, Georgia.
January 1779: A British force under General Augustin Prevost captures Fort Morris. This victory places eastern Georgia completely under British control.
February 1779: British take control of Augusta.
June 1781: U.S. forces recovered Augusta by siege in 1781.
July 1782: Savannah remained in British hands until 11 July 1782.
1.2.3.British conquest of South Carolina
Was the British invasion and conquest of large territories in South Carolian during the American Revolutionary War.
May 1780: Charleston (South Carolina) surrenders to British Geneal Henry Clinton after a six-week siege.
May 1780: Battle of Waxhaws. The British crush the last organized resistance in South Carolina.
August 1780: British victory in the Battle of Camden.
February 1781: Battle of Cowan's Ford. British cavalry under Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton cross the Catawba River.
March 1781: Battle of Guilford Court House near Greensboro, North Carolina. British victory.
May 1781: Siege of Ninety-Six, South Carolina.
June 1781: British relief ends the Siege of Ninety-Six.
September 1781: Battle of Eutaw Springs (Eutawville, South Carolina).
1.2.4.Yorktown campaign
Was a series of military maneuvers and battles during the American Revolutionary War that culminated in the Siege of Yorktown in October 1781.
January 1781: The Raid on Richmond in 1780 was led by American cavalry officer Colonel Banastre Tarleton during the American Revolutionary War. The British forces successfully captured and plundered the capital of Virginia, Richmond, which was a significant blow to the American rebels.
February 1781: The Raid on Richmond in 1781 was led by British cavalry officer Banastre Tarleton during the American Revolutionary War. The raid resulted in the capture of Virginia Governor Thomas Jefferson and the burning of the city of Richmond. This event was part of the British strategy to weaken the American forces and gain control of the southern colonies.
April 1781: Battle of Blandford (modern-day Petersburg, Virginia).
July 1781: Battle of Green Spring (modern-day James City County, Virginia).
September 1781: Start of the American Siege of Yorktown.
1.3.New York and New Jersey campaign
Was a series of American Revolutionary War battles for control of the Port of New York and the state of New Jersey, fought between British forces under General Sir William Howe and the Continental Army under General George Washington.
1.3.1.British Invasion of New York and New Jersey
Was the British invasion of New York and New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War.
1.4.Saratoga campaign
Was an attempt by the British high command for North America to gain military control of the strategically important Hudson River valley during the American Revolutionary War.
July 1777: Battle of Hubbardton.
July 1777: The British win the battle of Skenesborough.
July 1777: Battle of Fort Anne. The fort falls to the British.
September 1777: In 1777, American General Philip Schuyler led a campaign to reclaim Skenesboro (now Whitehall, New York) from the British during the American Revolutionary War. The British had abandoned the territory, allowing the Americans to take control.
September 1777: The British army had reached a position just north of Saratoga.
October 1777: British Lieutenant General John Burgoyne surrendered to the Americans.
December 1777: British troops withdrew from Ticonderoga and Crown Point.
December 1777: Lake Champlain was free of British troops by early December.
1.5.Philadelphia Campaign
Was a British effort in the American Revolutionary War to gain control of Philadelphia, which was then the seat of the Revolutionary-era Second Continental Congress.
August 1777: General Howe landed 15,000 troops in late August at the northern end of the Chesapeake Bay.
September 1777: Battle of Paoli.
September 1777: British occupation of Philadelphia.
October 1777: The British captured Fort Billingsport on the Delaware in New Jersey.
June 1778: British General Henry Clinton moved his troops from Philadelphia to New York in 1778 in order to increase that city's defenses against a possible Franco-American attack.
1.6.Western theatre of the American Revolutionary War
Was the western theater of war of the American Revolutionary War. It encompassed engagements primarily in the
Ohio Valley, Great Lakes region and Spanish Louisiana.
1.6.1.Illinois Campaign
Was a series of engagements during the American Revolutionary War in which a small force of Virginia militia led by George Rogers Clark seized control of several British posts in the Illinois Country of the Province of Quebec, located in modern-day Illinois and Indiana in the Midwestern United States.
July 1778: In late 1778, George Rogers Clark, a militia officer from Virginia, launched a campaign to take over the Illinois country, where the British had few garrisons. With a company of volunteers, Clark captured Kaskaskia.
January 1779: The combined British/Indian column of Lieutenant Colonel Henry Hamilton recaptures the distant settlement of Vincennes (Indiana) from Captain Leonard Helm.
January 1779: U.S. troops capture Vincennes at the end of 1778.
February 1779: Clark marches on Vincennes in a surprise winter march and captures British Lieutenant Hamilton.
1.7.Northern theatre of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga
Was the northern theater of war of the American Revolutionary War after the British Saratoga campaign. It encompassed engagements in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New England.
June 1779: In May 1779 British General Clinton captured the outpost at Stony Point, New York.
June 1780: The Battle of Connecticut Farms, fought June 7, 1780, was one of the last major battles between British and American forces in the northern colonies during the American Revolutionary War.
June 1780: The Battle of Springfield was fought during the American Revolutionary War on June 23, 1780, in Union County, New Jersey.
July 1780: The Battle of Connecticut Farms, fought June 7, 1780, was one of the last major battles between British and American forces in the northern colonies during the American Revolutionary War.
July 1780: The Battle of Springfield was fought during the American Revolutionary War on June 23, 1780, in Union County, New Jersey.
1.7.1.Treaty of Paris (1783)
Was the treaty that officially ended the American Revolutionary War between the United States and Great Britain as well as various other related wars. The treaty set the boundaries between British North America and the United States.
Were fought by European governments and colonists in North America, and later by the United States and Canadian governments and American and Canadian settlers, against various American Indian and First Nation tribes.
2.1.Cherokee-American wars
Were a series of skirmishes between the Cherokee and the American settlers on the frontier.
January 1791: Treaty of New York of August 1790 with the United States government signed by the "Upper, Middle, and Lower Creek and Seminole composing the Creek nation of Indians". They Ceded the Oconee Country.
February 1792: The Treaty of Holston (or Treaty of the Holston) was a treaty between the United States government and the Cherokee signed on July 2, 1791, and proclaimed on February 7, 1792. It was negotiated and signed by William Blount, governor of the Southwest Territory and superintendent of Indian affairs for the southern district for the United States, and various representatives of the Cherokee peoples, most notably John Watts. The treaty established terms of relations between the United States and the Cherokee, and established that the Cherokee tribes were to fall under the protection of the United States
October 1794: Georgia officials signed a new treaty with a few compliant Lower Muscogee micos (headmen) in which the latter ceded the land between the Altamaha and St. Mary's Rivers, and from the head of the latter to the Oconee River. They called this wide stretch of land the Tallassee Country,
2.2.Northwest Indian War
Was an armed conflict for control of the Northwest Territory fought between the United States and a united group of Native American nations known today as the Northwestern Confederacy.
2.2.1.Jay Treaty
Was a 1794 treaty between the United States and Great Britain that averted war and resolved issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783. Among other things, the British agreed to peacefully vacate the forts it still controlled in the United States.
September 1783: Fort Mackinac was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Oswegatchie was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Miami was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Ontario was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort au Fer was a fort that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
September 1783: Fort Lernoult and Fort Detroit were forts that remained under British control even after the American Revolutionary War ended with the Paris Peace Treaty. Britain continued to occupy several forts in the Northwest Territory despite the treaty’s provisions.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort au Fer. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Oswegatchie. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Dutchman's Point. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Ontario. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
July 1796: Evacuation of Fort Niagara. With the Jay Treaty the British agreed and succeeded to vacate its forts in United States territory - six in the Great Lakes region and two at the north end of Lake Champlain - by June 1796.
2.3.Seminole Wars
Were a series of three military conflicts between the United States and the Seminoles that took place in Florida between about 1816 and 1858.
2.3.1.First Seminole War
Was the first of a series of three conflicts between the Seminoles and the United States that took place in Florida.
2.3.1.1.Jackson invades Florida
Was a U.S. military campaign during the First Seminole War.
March 1818: US General Andrew Jackson's army entered Florida, marching down the banks of the Apalachicola River. When they reached the site of the Negro Fort, Jackson had his men construct a new fort, Fort Gadsden.
March 1818: The Indian town of Anhaica (today's Tallahassee) was burned by U.S. troops.
April 1818: The town of Miccosukee was taken by the U.S. Army.
April 1818: U.S. forces take Fort St. Marks (San Marcos).
May 1818: American forces under General Andrew Jackson seize the Spanishheld town of Pensacola, effectively ending the First Seminole War.
Were two border disputes that involved Spain and the United States in relation to the region known as West Florida.
3.1.First West Florida Controversy
The dispute over West Florida between Spain and the United States was finally resolved with Pinckney's Treaty in 1795, in which both parties agreed on the 31st parallel as the boundary between the United States and West Florida.
October 1795: With Pinckney's Treaty in 1795, Spain and the United States agreed on the 31st parallel as the boundary between the United States and West Florida.
3.2.Second West Florida Controversy
The United States occupied West Florida, a disputed territory, taking advantage of the Peninsular War that Spain was fighting against Napoleonic forces.
February 1821: The Adams-Onís Treaty was negotiated between Secretary of State John Quincy Adams and Spanish minister Luis de Onís. The treaty resulted in the transfer of East and West Florida to the United States in 1821 in exchange for the US dropping claims of spoliation against Spain.
Was a war between the United States of America and Great Britain. Tensions originated in long-standing differences over territorial expansion in North America and British support for Native American tribes who opposed U.S. colonial settlement in the Northwest Territory.
4.1.Great Lakes and Western Territories Theatre
Was the theatre od war in the Great Lakes and Western territories of the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom.
December 1813: British Capture of Fort Niagara.
July 1814: During the War of 1812, British Admiral Sir Thomas Hardy led the invasion of the northern part of Massachusetts (Maine) on July 11, 1814. As a result, Fort Sullivan at Eastport fell under British control, marking a significant military occupation by Great Britain in the region.
August 1814: During the War of 1812, British forces under the command of Sir John Coape Sherbrooke captured Castine, Hampden, Bangor, and Machias in Maine as part of a military occupation in 1814.
August 1814: British occupation of Washington D.C.
August 1814: The British occupation of Washington lasted only about one day.
September 1814: The "Battle for Baltimore" began with the British landing at North Point.
September 1814: Battle of Baltimore.
4.2.Southern theatre (War of 1812)
Was the southern theatre of the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom.
January 1815: British conquest of Fort Point Peter.
February 1815: In January 1815, British Admiral Cockburn succeeded in blockading the southeastern U.S. coast by occupying Camden County, Georgia.
February 1815: British capture of St. Simons Island.
February 1815: The British took Cumberland Island, located off the coast of Georgia.
March 1815: In March, after being informed of the Treaty of Ghent that had ended the War of 1812, British ships finally left the southern United States.
4.3.Treaty of Ghent
Was the treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom.
December 1814: Treaty of Ghent: The treaty ended the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain (and Spain). All captured territories were restored.
Were a series of secessions and revolts against the centralist government of Mexico in the period 1835-1846.
5.1.Mexican-American War
Was a war between the United States of America and Mexico caused by the U.S. annexion of Texas, a country that had seceded from Mexico, and by the American aim to annex California and Oregon.
5.1.1.Texas Campaign (Mexican-American War)
Was a battle that opened Mexican-American War in 1846 between the military forces of the United States and Mexico twenty miles west upriver from Zachary Taylor's camp along the Rio Grande.
April 1846: Battle at Rancho Carricitos between the military forces of the United States and Mexico twenty miles west upriver from Zachary Taylor's camp along the Rio Grande. The Mexican force defeated the Americans in the opening of hostilities of the Mexican-American War.
May 1846: After the Battle of Resaca de la Palma the mexicans left Texas.
5.1.2.New Mexico campaign (Mexican-American War)
Was the U.S. occupation of New Mexico during the Mexican-American War.
5.1.2.1.Taos Revolt
Was a popular insurrection in January 1847 by Hispano and Puebloan allies against the United States' occupation of present-day northern New Mexico during the Mexican-American War.
February 1847: In 1847, General Sterling Price led American forces through Don Fernando de Taos, where they encountered strong resistance from Mexican rebels who had fortified Pueblo de Taos.
February 1847: The Siege of Pueblo de Taos in 1847 was the final battle of the Taos Revolt, a popular insurrection against the United States' occupation of New Mexico during the Mexican-American War. The revolt was led by Mexican and Pueblo leaders, including Pablo Montoya and Tomas Romero.
Was a civil war in the United States of America between the central government (Unionists) and the secessionist Confederate States of America that occupied the southern States. The main cause of the war was the different economic system of the northern and southern states: the northern states were industrialized and had abolished slavery, whereas the southern states relied on slavery to run its plantation agriculture based economy. At the end of the war the Union occupied the southern states and slavery was abolished. .
January 1862: Area under Union control by the end of 1861.
January 1863: Area under Union control by the end of 1862.
January 1864: Area under Union control by the end of 1863.
January 1865: Area under Union control by the end of 1864.
6.1.Secession Phase
The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 caused a wave of southern states secessions in the United States. The secessionist states soon formed an independent country, the Confederate States of America.
December 1860: Within three months of Abraham Lincoln's election in November 1860, six Southern states withdrew from the Union.
January 1861: Within three months of Abraham Lincoln's election in November 1860, six Southern states withdrew from the Union.
February 1861: Texas left the confederation in February.
April 1861: Virginia seceded from the United States.
May 1861: Arkansas seceded from the United States.
May 1861: North Carolina seceded from the United States.
June 1861: The State of Scott was a Southern Unionist movement in Scott County, Tennessee, in which the county declared itself a "Free and Independent State" following Tennessee's decision to secede from the United States and align the state with the Confederacy on the eve of the American Civil War in 1861. Like much of East Tennessee, Scott became an enclave community of the Union during the war. Although its edict had never been officially recognized, the county did not officially rescind its act of secession until 1986.
June 1861: Tennessee voted to secede from the Union.
6.2.Trans-Mississippi Theatre
Was the theatre of war west of the Mississippi River during the American Civil War.
July 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Camden Point. Union victory.
July 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Fort Smith. Union victory. Federal troops maintain control of western Arkansas
August 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Camden Point.
August 1864: Confederate retreat after the Battle of Fort Smith.
May 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Palmito Ranch.
May 1865: After the end of the Civil War in 1865, the Battle of Palmito Ranch took place in Texas, where Confederate forces under Colonel John Salmon Ford clashed with Union troops. Despite the Confederates winning the battle, Palmito Ranch was reintegrated into the United States.
June 1865: At Fort Towson in Choctaw lands, General Stand Watie officially became the last Confederate general to surrender on June 25, 1865.
6.2.1.Missouri Front (American Civil War)
Were a series of battles between the Missouri State Guard and the Union during the American Civil War.
May 1861: The Missouri State Guard (MSG) was a military force established by the Missouri General Assembly on May 11, 1861.
July 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Carthage.
August 1861: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Carthage.
August 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Wilson's Creek or Oak Hills.
September 1861: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Wilson's Creek or Oak Hills.
September 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Lexington. Union forces badly defeated by Missouri State Guard.
October 1861: Union troop retreat after the First Battle of Lexington.
October 1861: Battle of Fredericktown: Union victory.
October 1861: First Battle of Springfield. Union forces capture town.
December 1861: Skirmish at Blackwater Creek. Union forces under General Pope capture a newly recruited Missouri State Guard regiment.
December 1861: Battle of Mount Zion Church: The resulting Union victory here and elsewhere in central Missouri ended Confederate recruiting activities in the region and pushed conventional Confederate forces out of the area.
6.2.2.Pea Ridge Campaign
Was a battle near Leetown, northeast of Fayetteville, Arkansas during the American Civil War. By defeating the Confederates, the Union forces established Federal control of most of Missouri and northern Arkansas.
March 1862: Battle of Pea Ridge or Elkhorn Tavern: By defeating the Confederates, the Union forces established Federal control of most of Missouri and northern Arkansas.
6.2.3.California Column
Was a military campaign of Union forces started from California to fight against the Confederates in Arizona.
March 1862: The California Column arrives at Stanwix Station.
May 1862: The California Column captures Tucson (1862).
August 1862: The California Column captures Franklin (modern-day El Paso, Texas).
6.2.4.Operations Near Cache River (Arkansas)
Were a series of military operation part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
July 1862: Battle of Cotton Plant. Union victory.
6.2.5.Operations to Blockade the Texas Coast
Were a series of military operations part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
September 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Sabine Pass.
January 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Galveston. Confederate victory.
September 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Sabine Pass. Confederate victory.
October 1863: Union troop retreat after being defeated in the Second Battle of Sabine Pass.
6.2.6.Operations North of Boston Mountains
Were a series of military operations part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
October 1862: Battle of Old Fort Wayne. Confederate forces go into Full retreat under Douglas H. Cooper, with the Union gaining control of the Indian territory.
November 1862: Battle of Clark's Mill. Union force surrenders to larger Confederate force.
November 1862: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Old Fort Wayne.
6.2.7.Vicksburg Campaign
Was a military campaign by the Union to conquer Vicksburg, Mississippi, during the American Civil War.
December 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou. Confederate General John C. Pemberton defeats William Tecumseh Sherman.
January 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou.
May 1863: Battle of Port Gibson. General Grant defeats the Confederates.
May 1863: Battle of Snyder's Bluff. Union feint during Vicksburg Campaign.
May 1863: Battle of Raymond. Failed Confederate attempt to protect Vicksburg from approaching Federals.
May 1863: Battle of Jackson, Mississippi. Union victory.
May 1863: Battle of Champion Hill. Union General Grant defeats Pemberton.
June 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Snyder's Bluff.
June 1863: Battle of Milliken's Bend. In the largest battle fought between Confederate and Black troops, after nearly two days of close combat, the Confederates were defeated in their attempt to raise the siege of Vicksburg.
June 1863: Battle of Lake Providence. Confederates withdraw to Floyd, Louisiana.
July 1863: Siege of Vicksburg: the entire Mississippi area controlled by the union. It cut off the Trans-Mississippi Department (containing the states of Arkansas, Texas and part of Louisiana) from the rest of the Confederate States, effectively splitting the Confederacy in two.
6.2.8.Marmaduke's First Expedition into Missouri
Was a Confederate military campaign in Missouri during the American Civil War.
January 1863: Second Battle of Springfield. Confederates enter town, but are unable to take nearby fort.
February 1863: The Confederates retreated after the Second Battle of Springfield.
6.2.9.Marmaduke's Second Expedition into Missouri
Was a Confederate military campaign in Missouri during the American Civil War.
May 1863: Battle of Chalk Bluff. Confederate victory.
May 1863: Marmaduke suffered considerable casualties and his momentum had been checked, forcing him to abandon his second expedition into Missouri.
6.2.10.Taylor's operations in West Louisiana
Was a Confederate military campaign in western Louisiana during the American Civil War.
June 1863: Battle of LaFourche Crossing. Confederates disengage, and fled to Thibodaux.
June 1863: The Confederate States of America captured Brashear City.
June 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Donaldsonville. Confederate forces failed to take Fort Butler.
July 1863: Battle of Kock's Plantation. Union troops retreat to Fort Butler in Donaldsonville, seized during the Second Battle of Donaldsonville.
July 1863: Confederate troop retreat after the Second Battle of Donaldsonville.
6.2.11.Operations to Control Indian Territory
Were a series of military operations part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.
July 1863: Battle of Honey Springs. In Indian Territory, two largely Black and American Indian forces meet. Union victory.
February 1864: Battle of Middle Boggy Depot. Union troops massacred Confederate forces as the Confederates burned their encampments.
February 1864: The Confederates retreated 72 km southwest down the Dragoon Trail. The Union advance continued south toward Ft. Washita the next day, but when the expected reinforcements did not arrive Philips' Expedition into Indian Territory stalled on February 15, near old Stonewall.
6.2.12.Quantrill's Raid into Kansas
Was a Confederate raid in Kansas during the American Civil War.
August 1863: Lawrence Massacre.
August 1863: On August 25th, four days after the raid on the city, General Ewing issued his General Order No. 11, in which he ordered the forced evacuation of four Missouri counties along the Kansas border.
6.2.13.Little Rock Campaign
Was a military campaign by the Union to conquer Little Rock, Arkansas, during the American Civil War.
August 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Bayou Meto (Battle of Reed's Bridge). Confederate forces delay the Union advance on Little Rock.
September 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Bayou Meto (Battle of Reed's Bridge).
6.2.14.Red River Campaign
Was a major Union offensive campaign in the Trans-Mississippi theater of the American Civil War.
March 1864: Battle of Fort De Russy. Fort DeRussy fell to the Union and the Red River to Alexandria was open.
April 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Mansfield or Sabine Cross Roads. Banks Union Red River Campaign halted by the Confederates.
April 1864: Battle of Pleasant Hill. Confederate attack fails.
April 1864: Battle of Monett's Ferry. Confederate forces driven back.
May 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Mansfield or Sabine Cross Roads.
May 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Pleasant Hill.
6.2.15.Camden Expedition
Was the final campaign conducted by the Union Army in Arkansas during the Civil War.
April 1864: Battle of Elkin's Ferry. Confederates unable to prevent Union river crossing.
April 1864: Battle of Prairie D'Ane. Union Major General Frederick Steele defeats Sterling Price.
6.2.16.Price's Missouri Expedition
Was a Confederate raid in Arkansas, Missouri, and Kansas during the American Civil War.
September 1864: Battle of Fort Davidson (Battle of Pilot Knob). Union forces detonate their own fort after losing to Confederates.
October 1864: Battle of Glasgow. Union forces surrender.
October 1864: Second Battle of Lexington. Union forces driven out of town.
October 1864: Battle of Little Blue River. Confederate victory.
October 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Independence.
October 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Byram's Ford.
October 1864: Battle of Westport. Union forces win decisive battle to take control of Missouri.
October 1864: Second Battle of Newtonia. Union Major General James G. Blunt defeats Joseph O. Shelby.
6.3.Eastern Theatre (American Civil War)
The eastern theater of the American Civil War consisted of the major military and naval operations in the states of Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, the District of Columbia, and the coastal fortifications and seaports of North Carolina.
July 1861: Battle of Hoke's Run. Robert Patterson defeats Jackson's Confederates but fails to capitalize on his victory.
October 1861: Battle of Cockle Creek. Union victory.
December 1861: In 1861, during the American Civil War, General John E. Wool led 4,000 Federal troops to secure the Eastern Shore of Virginia for the Union. This strategic move helped solidify Union control over the region and prevent Confederate forces from gaining a foothold.
December 1861: Battle of Dranesville. Union defeats Confederate forces under J.E.B. Stuart.
February 1862: Battle of Elizabeth City. Union victory.
February 1862: The town of Edenton in the proximity of Elizabet City (North Carolina) was taken by Union troops without bloodshed.
March 1862: Union general Nathaniel P. Banks occupied Winchester just after Confederate general Stonewall Jackson had withdrawn from the town.
March 1862: Battle of New Bern. Union troops disembark from ships and capture the town.
April 1862: Battle of Fort Macon. Confederate fort surrenders after Union artillery bombardment.
May 1862: Battle of Princeton Court House. Witthdrawal of Union General Jacob Dolson Cox.
June 1862: Although the city of Norfolk was not under attack, it was isolated and increasingly worthless to the Confederate Army. In May, the city was abandoned.
June 1862: Battle of Tranter's Creek. Confederate forces retreat after Colonel Singletary is killed.
June 1862: After suffering a defeat at the Battle of Bull Run in 1862, Union forces under the command of General Irvin McDowell did not pursue the Confederate Army and instead retreated back to their fortifications in Washington.
June 1862: Battle of Gaines' Mill or Chickahominy River. Confederate General Robert E. Lee defeats Union General George B. McClellan.
September 1862: Battle of Charleston. Confederate troops occupy Charleston during Kanawha Valley offensive.
March 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Kelly's Ford.
May 1863: Second Battle of Fredericksburg. Union forces under John Sedgwick defeat Confederate forces left to guard the town by Lee.
May 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Suffolk (Hill's Point). Inconclusive.
May 1863: Battle of Salem Church. Confederate General Lee defeats Sedgwick.
June 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Suffolk (Hill's Point).
July 1863: Battle of Manassas Gap. Indecisive battle by day, Confederates withdraw by night.
August 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Manassas Gap.
October 1863: First Battle of Auburn. Inconclusive.
October 1863: Battle of Bristoe Station. Meade defeats elements of Lee's forces, but Confederates destroy railroad during retreat.
October 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Auburn. Confederates attack Union rearguard, indecisive.
October 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Buckland Mills. Union cavalry caught in ambush, defeated.
November 1863: Second Battle of Rappahannock Station. Union forces surge across river, forcing Lee to retreat.
November 1863: Union troop retreat after the First Battle of Auburn.
November 1863: Union troop retreat after the Second Battle of Auburn.
November 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Buckland Mills.
December 1863: Battle of Mine Run. Meade bombards Lee's Confederates.
January 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Mine Run.
March 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Walkerton. Confederate victory.
April 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Walkerton.
April 1864: Battle of Plymouth. Confederate land forces, supported by naval ram, retake two Union forts near Plymouth, North Carolina.
August 1864: Battle of Smithfield Crossing. Confederate forces routed a small Union detachment, but a Union counterattacked stopped the Confederates; ultimately ending the last engagement in West Virginia of the Civil War.
September 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Smithfield Crossing.
October 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Saltville. Confederates defeat Union Black Cavalry, war crimes committed against captured blacks.
October 1864: Battle of Boydton Plank Road. Union forces take control of road.
November 1864: Union troop retreat after the First Battle of Saltville.
December 1864: Battle of Marion. Union victory.
6.3.1.Western Virginia Campaign
Was a military campaign of Union in the western part of Virginia. The region was conquered and later became the state of West Virginia.
June 1861: Battle of Philippi (West Virginia). Union forces rout a small Confederate detachment in Western Virginia.
July 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Rich Mountain.
July 1861: Battle of Corrick's Ford: Control of western Virginia was now firmly in Union hands and it stayed that way for the rest of the war.
August 1861: Battle of Kessler's Cross Lanes. Confederates under John B. Floyd surprise and defeat Union forces under Erastus B. Tyler.
September 1861: Battle of Carnifex Ferry. Union victory. Confederates withdraw by night after several hours of fighting.
October 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Greenbrier River. Confederates withdraw after inconclusive battle.
6.3.2.North Carolina coast
Were a series of military operations by the Union in North Carolina during the American Civil War.
August 1861: Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries: Two forts on the Outer Banks (Fort Clark and Fort Hatteras) had been built by the Confederates. The Union retained both forts.
February 1862: Battle of Roanoke Island. Union forces under Ambrose E. Burnside capture island from Henry A. Wise
January 1865: Second Battle of Fort Fisher. Union takes fort.
February 1865: Battle of Wilmington (North Carolina). Last Confederate port falls.
6.3.3.Romney Expedition
Was a Confederate raid in Virginia during the American Civil War.
January 1862: Battle of Hancock. Unsuccessful Confederate attack on Maryland town.
February 1862: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Hancock.
6.3.4.Peninsula campaign
Was a major Union operation launched in southeastern Virginia from March to July 1862 during the American Civil War.
March 1862: Union General George B. McClellan landed his army at Fort Monroe.
April 1862: The IV Corps of Brig. Gen. Erasmus D. Keyes made initial contact with Confederate defensive works at Lee's Mill, an area McClellan expected to move through without resistance.
May 1862: General George B. McClellan’s Army of the Potomac occupies the Yorktown-Warwick River line recently abandoned by Confederate forces.
May 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Williamsburg.
May 1862: Battle of Seven Pines: the union army reached the outskirts of Richmond.
July 1862: After suffering heavy casualties at the Battle of Malvern Hill, General George McClellan ordered the Army of the Potomac to retreat to Harrison's Landing on the James River in Virginia in 1862 during the American Civil War. This move was seen as necessary to regroup and resupply the Union forces.
August 1862: General George B. McClellan received the order to retreat from the Virginia Peninsula in 1862 during the American Civil War.
6.3.5.Jackson's Valley campaign
Was a Confederate campaign through the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia during the American Civil War.
March 1862: First Battle of Kernstown. Union forces defeat Confederates under "Stonewall" Jackson.
May 1862: First Battle of Winchester: Jackson enveloped the right flank of the Union Army under Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks and pursued it as it fled across the Potomac River into Maryland.
6.3.6.Northern Virginia Campaign
Was a series of battles fought in Virginia during August and September 1862 in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.
August 1862: General Stonewall Jackson remained in position until August 12, 1862, when he withdrew to Gordonsville during the American Civil War. This retreat was part of his strategic movements in Virginia against the Union forces.
August 1862: In 1862, during the American Civil War, Union General John Pope withdrew his forces to the Rappahannock River, thwarting Confederate General Robert E. Lee's plans for an offensive. This strategic move led to the Second Battle of Bull Run.
6.3.7.Invasion of Maryland
Was a Confederate campaign in Maryland during the American Civil War.
September 1862: Frederick conquered by Confederate States of America.
September 1862: Battle of Harpers Ferry. Stonewall Jackson captures Union garrison under Dixon S. Miles
September 1862: On September 4 Confederate General Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia
had begun an invasion of the North. Lee hoped to cut key rail lines west and isolate Washington, with Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, as his probable objective. By September 16th Lee's army took position in Sharpsburg, Maryland.
September 1862: Battle of Antietam or Sharpsburg. Union General McClellan ends Lee's first invasion of North, bloodiest single day of the war.
September 1862: Battle of Shepherdstown. Confederate victory.
April 1863: The Chancellorsville Campaign began in 1863 with General Joseph Hooker leading the Union army across the Rappahannock River into Confederate territory in the border regions south to the Rapidan River.
May 1863: Battle of Chancellorsville. Confederate General Lee defeats Hooker's Army of Potomac.
6.3.8.Goldsboro Expedition
Were a series of military operations part of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.
December 1862: Battle of Kinston. Union forces under John G. Foster defeat Confederates under Nathan Evans.
December 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of White Hall.
December 1862: Battle of Goldsboro Bridge. General Foster defeats Confederates and destroys the bridge.
January 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of White Hall.
6.3.9.Gettysburg Campaign
Was a military invasion of Pennsylvania by the main Confederate army under General Robert E. Lee in summer 1863.
June 1863: On June 26, elements of Confederate Maj. Gen. Jubal Early's division of Ewell's Corps occupied the town of Gettysburg after chasing off newly raised Pennsylvania militia in a series of minor skirmishes.
June 1863: Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry reached Fairfax Court House in 1863. They were delayed by a small battle on June 27, part of the Gettysburg Campaign during the American Civil War.
June 1863: On June 28, 1863, a Civil War skirmish between Confederate and Union armies took place at Wirghtsville, Pennsylvania.
June 1863: General J.E.B. Stuart and an army of 8,000 Confederate cavalrymen occupied Rockville on June 28, 1863, while on their way to Gettysburg.
June 1863: CSA forces occupied Westminster, Maryland.
June 1863: By June 29, Confederate General Lee's army was strung out in an arc from Chambersburg (45 km northwest of Gettysburg) to Carlisle (48 km north of Gettysburg) to near Harrisburg and Wrightsville on the Susquehanna River.
June 1863: General Jubal Early's Confederate Division occupied York, Pennsylvania. This was significant as York was the largest Northern town to fall to the Confederates during the war.
June 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Second Battle of Donaldsonville. Inconclusive.
July 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Carlisle. Inconclusive.
July 1863: Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart led his troops to Carlisle, Pennsylvania in June 1863 during the Gettysburg Campaign. After a brief skirmish and burning the Carlisle Barracks, Stuart retreated to Gettysburg where the decisive Battle of Gettysburg would take place.
July 1863: Battle of Fairfield.Cavalry engagement won by the Confederate army during the Gettysburg Campaign secured the important Hagerstown Road.
July 1863: Battle of Gettysburg: The defeat of his massive infantry assault, Pickett's Charge, caused Lee to order a retreat that began the evening of July 4.
July 1863: Battle of Boonsboro. Indecisive action at rearguard of Lee's retreat.
July 1863: General George Meade led the Union Army of the Potomac, while General Robert E. Lee commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War. Lee's successful retreat across the Potomac River after the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 marked a turning point in the war.
July 1863: Battle of Williamsport. Indecisive.
August 1863: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Williamsport.
6.3.10.Operations in North Alabama
Were a series of military operations part of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.
February 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Morton's Ford. Inconclusive.
March 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Morton's Ford.
6.3.11.Overland Campaign
A series of battles fought in Virginia during May and June 1864, in the American Civil War.
May 1864: General Ulysses S. Grant's forces crossed the Rapidan River.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of the Wilderness. Grant and Lee meet inconclusively.
May 1864: Battle of Yellow Tavern. Union forces win cavalry battle, Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart is mortally wounded.
May 1864: Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. Grant and Lee meet inconclusively, Grant writes to Halleck "I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer".
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of North Anna. Inconclusive.
May 1864: Battle of Haw's Shop. Union advance.
June 1864: Battle of Cold Harbor. Confederate General Lee repulses Grant.
6.3.12.Bermuda Hundred Campaign
Was a series of battles fought at the town of Bermuda Hundred, outside Richmond, Virginia, during May 1864 in the American Civil War.
May 1864: Battle of Port Walthall Junction. Union forces destroy railroad.
May 1864: Battle of Swift Creek. Union forces damage railroad, but are stopped by Confederate forces.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Chester Station. Union forces under Benjamin Butler pushed back.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Proctor's Creek. Confederate Beauregard defeats Butler.
May 1864: Battle of Ware Bottom Church. Confederate victory.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Swift Creek.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Proctor's Creek.
June 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Ware Bottom Church.
6.3.13.Richmond-Petersburg campaign
Was a series of battles around Petersburg, Virginia, fought from June 9, 1864, to March 25, 1865, during the American Civil War.
June 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Petersburg. Confederate Beauregard defeats Butler.
August 1864: Battle of Globe Tavern. Confederate forces lose control of railroads at Petersburg.
October 1864: Battle of Peebles' Farm. Union victory near Petersburg.
6.3.14.Appomattox Campaign
Were a series of American Civil War battles fought March 29 - April 9, 1865, in Virginia that concluded with the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia to the forces of the Union Army.
April 1865: Third Battle of Petersburg. Union General Grant defeats Lee.
April 1865: Battle of Sutherland's Station. Union victory.
April 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Amelia Springs. Inconclusive.
April 1865: Battle of Rice's Station. Confederate forces are caught off guard by John Gibbon's forces.
April 1865: Battle of High Bridge. Union forces thwart Lee's attempts to burn bridges and to resupply, Grant proposes that Lee surrender, but he refuses.
April 1865: Battle of Appomattox Court House. Confederate General Lee's forces surrounded. He subsequently surrenders.
6.4.Western Theatre of the American Civil War
The western theater of the American Civil War encompassed major military operations in the states of Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina, Kentucky, South Carolina and Tennessee, as well as Louisiana east of the Mississippi River.
August 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Athens. Union victory in small skirmish on the Iowa-Missouri border
September 1861: Confederate General Leonidas Polk occupied Columbus.
September 1861: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Athens.
December 1861: In 1861, pro-Confederate members of the Kentucky legislature, including Richard Hawes and George W. Johnson, established a separate government in Russellville. This government was recognized by the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.
October 1863: Battle of Wauhatchie. Longstreet defeated by Union forces.
November 1863: Battle of Collierville. Abortive Confederate attack on the town.
April 1864: Battle of Salyersville. Confederates were driven into Salyersville with heavy losses.
May 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Salyersville.
6.4.1.Early Operations in Kentucky
Were the battles in Kentucky in the early phases of the American Civil War.
September 1861: Battle of Barbourville. Onfederate Brigadier General Zollicoffer raided a Federal recruitment camp and brought a counter-thrust.
October 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Camp Wildcat. Confederates chased from Cumberland Gap.
November 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Ivy Mountain.Union forces routed Confederate forces.
November 1861: Battle of Camp Wildcat. Confederates chased from Cumberland Gap.
December 1861: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Ivy Mountain.
December 1861: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Rowlett's Station. Union soldiers hold area, but do not launch any counter thrusts. Confederates and Texas Rangers retreat.
January 1862: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Rowlett's Station.
6.4.2.Federal Penetration up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers
Was a military campaign by the Union during the American Civil War.
February 1862: Battle of Fort Henry: surrender of Fort Henry to Unionist forces. Grant and Foote's gunboats gain control of Tennessee River by defeating Lloyd Tilghman
February 1862: Battle of Fort Donelson. Confederate army under Simon Bolivar Buckner surrenders to Grant, Union gains control of Cumberland River
April 1862: Battle of Shiloh or Pittsburg Landing. Grant and reinforcements under Buell repulse Albert Sidney Johnston and P. G. T. Beauregard. A.S. Johnston is killed.
May 1862: Siege of Corinth. Union forces capture town.
6.4.3.Joint Operations Against New Madrid, Island No. 10, and Memphis
Was a military campaign of Union forces started from California to fight against the Confederates in Arizona.
June 1862: Battle of Memphis. Union forces capture the city.
6.4.4.Kentucky Campaign
Was an American Civil War campaign conducted by the Confederate States Army in Tennessee and Kentucky.
June 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the First Battle of Chattanooga.
August 1862: Battle of Richmond (Kentucky). Edmund Kirby Smith routs Union army under Brig. Gen. William "Bull" Nelson.
August 1862: On August 30, 1862, Lexington (Kentucky) was captured and briefly occupied by Confederate troops.
October 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Perryville or Chaplin Hills.
6.4.5.Iuka and Corinth Operations
Were a series of battles in Iuka and Corinth (Missisippi) during the American Civil War.
September 1862: Battle of Iuka. Union victory.
October 1862: Second Battle of Corinth. Confederate attack fails.
November 1862: Confederate troop retreat after the Second Battle of Corinth.
6.4.6.Stones River Campaign
Were a series of military operations in northern Tennessee during the American Civil War.
December 1862: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Hartsville. Disguised in Union uniforms, Confederates infiltrate and defeat Union forces.
January 1863: Battle of Stones River. Confederate army forced to withdraw after losing 11,739 men.
6.4.7.Middle Tennessee Operations
Were a series of military operations in central Tennessee during the American Civil War.
February 1863: Battle of Dover. Failed Confederate attack on town.
March 1863: The Confederates retreated after the Battle of Dover.
March 1863: Battle of Thompson's Station. Confederate Earl Van Dorn defeats John Coburn
March 1863: Battle of Vaught's Hill. Union forces withstand attack by John Hunt Morgan's Confederates.
March 1863: Battle of Brentwood.
March 1863: Battle of Brentwood. Union force surrenders.
April 1863: Battle of Franklin (1863). Confederates withdraw after rearguard defeat.
April 1863: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Vaught's Hill.
6.4.8.Streight's Raid in Alabama and Georgia
Was a military campaign by the Union in northern Alabama during the American Civil War.
April 1863: Battle of Day's Gap. Union victory.
May 1863: Blountsville conquered by USA.
May 1863: Gadsden conquered by USA.
May 1863: Forrest (Union) surrounded Streight's exhausted men (Confederates) 5 km east of Cedar Bluff, Alabama, and forced their surrender.
6.4.9.Tullahoma campaign
Was a military campaign by the Union that drove the Confederate forces out of central Tennesse during the American Civil War.
June 1863: General Braxton Bragg ordered the Confederate Army to withdraw to Tullahoma on June 27, 1863, during the American Civil War. This strategic move was in response to the advance of Union forces led by General William Rosecrans.
July 1863: The Union forces, led by General Joseph Hooker, launched an attack on the Confederates, resulting in the Battle of Lookout Mountain.
6.4.10.Morgan's Raid in Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio
Was a Confederate raid in Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and West Virginia during the American Civil War.
July 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Tebbs Bend. Union infantry defeats Confederate cavalry.
July 1863: Battle of Lebanon (Kentucky).
July 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Buffington Island. Confederates captured after failing to find a secure retreat.
July 1863: Battle of Salineville: The Union victory shattered John Hunt Morgan's remaining Confederate cavalry and led to his capture later that day. The northernmost battle in the Civil War.
6.4.11.Knoxville campaign
Were a series of military operations in eastern Tennessee during the American Civil War.
September 1863: Battle of the Cumberland Gap (1863).
September 1863: Battle of Blountville. Union forces capture town.
October 1863: Battle of Blue Springs. Confederate forces overrun.
November 1863: Battle of Campbell's Station. Union victory.
6.4.12.Chickamauga campaign
Were a series of military operations in northwestern Georgia during the American Civil War.
September 1863: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Chickamauga. Confederarate victory.
October 1863: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Chickamauga.
6.4.13.Chattanooga campaign
Were a series of military operations in Chattanooga, Tennessee during the American Civil War.
November 1863: Battle of Ringgold Gap: The five hour Battle of Ringgold Gap resulted in the Confederate victory of Major General Patrick R. Cleburne and gave the Army of Tennessee safe passage to retreat through the Ringgold Gap mountain pass.
6.4.14.Operations in Dandridge
Were a series of military operations in Tennesse during the American Civil War.
December 1863: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Mossy Creek. Union victory.
January 1864: Battle of Dandridge. Union forces withdraw.
January 1864: Confederate cavalry forced back.after the Battle of Mossy Creek.
6.4.15.Meridian and Yazoo River expeditions
Was an Union military operation leading ot the capture of Meridian (Mississippi) during the American Civil War.
February 1864: Battle of Meridian. Union General Sherman occupies town.
February 1864: Battle of Okolona. Confederate cavalry, commanded by Maj. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, routed 7,000 cavalry under the command of Brig. Gen. William Sooy Smith.
March 1864: Union forces elave Yazoo City.
March 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Okolona.
6.4.16.Atlanta campaign
Was a series of battles fought in the Western Theater of the American Civil War throughout northwest Georgia and the area around Atlanta during the summer of 1864.
May 1864: Battle of Rocky Face Ridge. Due to a flanking movement by Union troops under Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman, Confederates led by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston were forced to evacuate their strong position near Atlanta.
May 1864: Battle of Resaca: It ended inconclusively with the Confederate Army retreating.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Adairsville.
May 1864: Battle of New Hope Church. Confederate Hooker's forces defeated.
May 1864: Battle of Pickett's Mill. Unsuccessful attack by Union General Sherman on Johnston.
June 1864: Battle of Dallas (Georgia). Confederate withdrawal in Georgia.
June 1864: Battle of Kolb's Farm. Union victory.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of New Hope Church.
June 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Pickett's Mill.
June 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. Confederate Johnston repulses Sherman.
July 1864: Battle of Marietta. Union victory. Confederates withdrew.
July 1864: Battle of Peachtree Creek. Union victory.
July 1864: Battle of Atlanta. Victory of Union army who reaches the southeast of Atlanta, Georgia.
July 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain.
July 1864: Battle of Ezra Church. Confederate attack on Union army northwest of Atlanta fails to gain element of surprise, finding entrenched Union forces. Union victory.
July 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Brown's Mill. Confederate victory.
August 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Utoy Creek. Indecisive battle on Union right flank near Atlanta.
August 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Lovejoy's Station. Confederates repel Union raiders attacking the station.
August 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Brown's Mill.
September 1864: Battle of Jonesborough. William J. Hardee's Confederates defeated, resulting in Atlanta's fall the following day.
September 1864: Atlanta falls to the Union on September 2, 1864, after a siege.
September 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Utoy Creek.
September 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Lovejoy's Station.
6.4.17.Forrest's Defense of Mississippi
Was a Confederate counteroffensive in Mississippi during the American Civil War.
June 1864: Battle of Brice's Crossroads. Confederate N.B. Forrest routs Union force almost three times as large.
July 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Brice's Crossroads.
August 1864: Second Battle of Memphis. Confederate raid.
August 1864: Second Battle of Memphis.Confederate raid.
September 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Second Battle of Memphis.
6.4.18.Morgan's Raid into Kentucky
Was a Confederate raid in Kentucky during the American Civil War.
June 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Cynthiana. Union Brig. Gen. Stephen Gano Burbridge defeated Confederate Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan. Most Confederate soldiers were casualties, though Morgan escaped.
July 1864: Confederae troop retreat after the Battle of Cynthiana.
6.4.19.Operations in Mobile Bay
Was a battle of the American Civil War where the Union conquered Mobile Bay, Alabama.
August 1864: Battle of Mobile Bay. Union General David Farragut takes the port of Mobile.
6.4.20.Franklin-Nashville Campaign
Was a series of battles fought in the Western Theater of the American Civil War in Alabama, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia.
October 1864: Battle of Allatoona. Union victory.
October 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Decatur. Confederates unable to cross river.
November 1864: Battle of Columbia. Confederate victory.
November 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Spring Hill.
November 1864: Confederate troop retreat after the Battle of Decatur.
December 1864: Battle of Nashville: In one of the largest victories achieved by the Union Army during the war, Thomas attacked and routed Hood's army, largely destroying it as an effective fighting force.
6.4.21.Sherman's March to the Sea
Was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 until December 21, 1864 by the Union.
November 1864: Battle of Griswoldville. Sherman's march to the sea continued.
November 1864: Battle of Buck Head Creek. Union victory.
November 1864: Battle of Honey Hill. The third battle of Sherman's March to the Sea was a failed Union Army expedition under Maj. Gen. John P. Hatch that attempted to cut off the Charleston and Savannah Railroad in support of Sherman's projected arrival in Savannah.
December 1864: Battle of Waynesboro, Georgia. Union victory.
December 1864: Second Battle of Fort McAllister. Union General William B. Hazen captures Fort McAllister.
December 1864: Savannah, Georgia, falls to Union forces under General William T. Sherman.
December 1864: Union retreat after defeat in Battle of Honey Hill.
6.4.22.Campaign of the Carolinas
Was an Union military campaign in the Carolinas to link up with the forces in Virginia during the American Civil War.
February 1865: Battle of Rivers' Bridge. Union forces capture river crossing.
February 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Aiken.
February 1865: Battle of Congaree Creek.
February 1865: Columbia, capital of South Carolina, falls to the Union.
March 1865: Battle of Aiken. Confederate victory.
March 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Monroe's Cross Roads. Confederates delayed Federal Cavalry movement towards Fayetteville.
March 1865: Battle of Bentonville. Sherman defeats Confederates
April 1865: Battle of Morrisville. Union victory. Last cavalry battle of the War.
April 1865: When Johnston agreed to purely military terms and formally surrendered his army and all Confederate forces in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida.
6.4.23.Wilson's Raid
Was an Union raid in Alabama and Georgia during the American Civil War.
April 1865: Battle of Ebenezer Church (Alabama).
6.4.24.Mobile campaign
Were a series of military operations part of the Western Theater of the American Civil War.
April 1865: Battle of Fort Blakeley. Union forces capture fort east of Mobile.
6.5.Lower Seaboard Theatre
Encompassed major military and naval operations that occurred near the coastal areas of the Southeastern United States: in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Texas, as well as southern part of the Mississippi River.
October 1861: Santa Rosa Island (Florida) is occupied by the union.
November 1861: Battle of Port Royal. Union fleet under S. F. Du Pont capture Confederate forts at Hilton Head, South Carolina.
November 1861: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Santa Rosa Island. Union forces repel Confederate attempt to capture island.
March 1862: The Union captured St. Augustine.
April 1862: 28 gunboats commanded by Union Commodore Samuel Dupont occupied Fort Clinch at Fernandina Beach.
April 1862: Battle of Fort Pulaski. Union blockade closes Savannah, Georgia. Parrott rifle makes masonry forts obsolete.
April 1862: Two days before the city surrendered in April 1862, Moore and the legislature abandoned Baton Rouge as the state capital, relocating to Opelousas in May.
October 1862: Battle of Georgia Landing. Confederate forces fled to Labadieville.
January 1864: Fort Myers, a strategic location during the Seminole Indian Wars, was abandoned until Union soldiers, led by General John Newton, reoccupied it in December 1863 during the Civil War. This move was part of the Union's efforts to establish control over key points in Florida.
June 1864: Camp Milton was a Confederate stronghold during the American Civil War. It was captured by Union forces on June 2, 1864.
September 1864: Battle of Marianna. Union cavalry raid into Florida panhandle.
March 1865: Battle of Fort Myers: Even though the attack had been repelled, Fort Myers was abandoned by its garrison in early March. Southernmost land battle in Florida of the war.
March 1865: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Natural Bridge. Confederate victory in Florida prevents the capture of Tallahassee.
April 1865: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Natural Bridge.
6.5.1.New Orleans Expedition
Was a military campaign of the Union culminationg in the capture of New Orleans, the major port of the Confederates, during the American Civil War.
April 1862: Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip. Decisive battle for possession of New Orleans. Union victory.
May 1862: Union forces under General Butler occupy New Orleans, Louisiana.
6.5.2.Operations in West Louisiana
Were a series of military operations in western Louisiana during the American Civil War.
April 1863: Battle of Fort Bisland. Confederate forces retreat from Fort Bisland.
April 1863: Battle of Irish Bend. Confederate Richard Taylor retreats from Fort Bisland.
April 1863: Battle of Vermillion Bayou. Confederate Richard Taylor, being vastly outnumbered, retreats after an artillery skirmish.
April 1863: Taylor retreated from the Teche region, and Banks was able to capture the Confederate fort at Butte a la Rose and Alexandria.
6.5.3.Siege of Port Hudson
Was the final engagement in the Union campaign to recapture the Mississippi River in the American Civil War.
May 1863: Battle of Plains Store. Union victory.
6.5.4.Union Invasion of Florida
Was a military invasion of Florida by the Union during the American Civil War.
February 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Olustee. Confederate victory.
February 1864: In 1864, during the American Civil War, Union forces led by General Truman Seymour were defeated by Confederate troops commanded by General Joseph Finegan in Jacksonville, Florida. The Union forces were forced to retreat back to their fortifications in the city.
March 1864: Union troop retreat after the Battle of Olustee.
6.6.Valley Campaigns of 1864
Were the battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War.
6.6.1.Lynchburg Campaign
Were a series of battles in the area of Lynchburg, Virginia, during the American Civil War.
May 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of New Market. Confederate forces halt Union army under Franz Sigel from advance up the Shenandoah Valley.
June 1864: Battle of Piedmont. Union forces under David Hunter defeat Confederate defenses on march to Staunton, Virginia, upper Shenandoah Valley.
June 1864: Battle of Lynchburg: Union army forced back through West Virginia.
6.6.2.Early's Incursion
Were a series of Confederate military operations led by Jubal Early in Maryland and Virginia during the American Civil War.
July 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Monocacy. Union Gen. Lew Wallace slows up Jubal Early, saving DC.
July 1864: Battle of Fort Stevens. Failed Confederate attempt to capture Washington, D.C., President Lincoln, observing the battle, comes under Confederate fire.
July 1864: Confederate General Jubal Early unsuccessfully attacked Fort Stevens in Washington D.C. during the Civil War in 1864. After realizing he could not capture the capital, Early retreated back to Virginia.
July 1864: Union troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Cool Spring. Unionist Joseph Thoburn led a full retreat after being surrounded by Confederate forces.
July 1864: Second Battle of Kernstown. Jubal Early defeats Union forces.
6.6.3.Sheridan Valley Campaign
Were a series of battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War from May to October 1864.
August 1864: Confederate troop maneuver preceding the Battle of Summit Point. Inconclusive.
September 1864: Battle of Opequon. Union General Sheridan defeats Early, several officers killed or wounded on both sides.
September 1864: Battle of Fisher's Hill. Successful Union frontal assault.
October 1864: Battle of Cedar Creek. Union General Sheridan defeats Early, drives Confederates from Shenandoah Valley.
Was a civil war in Mexico. A series of presidential changes initiated by the end of the decades-long regime of president Porfirio Diaz caused revolts in different regions of the country.
7.1.Mexican Border War (1910-1919)
Were a series of military engagements which took place in the Mexican-American border region of North America during the Mexican Revolution.
March 1916: Pancho Villa decided to raid Columbus, New Mexico, for supplies.
April 1916: End of Pancho Villa raid in Columbus, New Mexico.
May 1916: Villa's rebels attacked two more American border towns, Glenn Springs, Texas, and Boquillas, Texas.
June 1916: End of Pancho Villa raid in American border towns of Texas.
June 1916: In 1916, during the Mexican Revolution, Villistas led by Pancho Villa raided the town of San Ygnacio, Texas, killing four American soldiers. This incident further escalated tensions between the United States and Mexico.
July 1916: In 1916, during the Mexican Revolution, Villistas led by Pancho Villa raided the town of San Ygnacio, Texas, killing four American soldiers. This incident further escalated tensions between the United States and Mexico.
July 1916: A U.S. soldier and a U.S. customs inspector were killed in a Villistas raid in San Ygnacio (Texas).
August 1916: Villistas leave San Ygnacio (Texas) after a raid.
August 1918: Battle of Ambos Nogales.
September 1918: Mexican troops left the area after the battle of Ambos Nogales.
January 1778: The emergence of the Vermont Republic in 1777 forestalled claim of the grant, and Vermont's General Assembly made a grant of the same land in 1785 to William Samuel Johnson, an American founding father and jurist who informally represented Vermont before the Continental Congress and argued for its eventual admission to the federal union.
January 1779: The Transylvania Company's purchase was in violation of both Virginia and North Carolina law, as well as the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which prohibited private purchase of American Indian land and the establishment of any non-Crown sanctioned colony. In December 1778, Virginia's Assembly finally declared the Transylvania claim void. In compensation, Henderson and his partners received a grant of 12 square miles (31 km²) on the Ohio River below the mouth of Green River.
March 1784: In 1784, Virginia ceded its claims to the Northwest Territory. The area was then incorporated into the United States' Northwest Territory, which was an unorganized territory at the time.
May 1784: As part of theTreaty of Paris of 1783, Great Britain ceded part of West Florida to the united states.
October 1784: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Stanwix (New York) with the six nations of New York.
January 1785: The United States and the Iroquois, led by Chief Cornplanter, signed the treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1784. The Iroquois Confederacy ceded a large portion of their territory, including present-day western New York, to the United States in exchange for peace and protection.
January 1785: The United States and the Iroquois Confederacy signed the treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1784. The Iroquois, led by leaders such as Cornplanter and Red Jacket, ceded a significant portion of their ancestral lands to the newly formed United States. This territory eventually became part of the United States.
January 1785: Iroquois claims relinquished to Great Britain in 1784.
January 1785: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort McIntosh with the Wyandot, Delaware, Chippewa, and Ottawa.
November 1785: U.S. treaty concluded at Hopewell (South Carolina) with the Cherokee.
January 1789: Iroquois claims relinquished to Great Britain in 1788.
April 1790: North Carolina ceded its western half to the federal government.
March 1791: U.S. treaty concluded with the Piankishsw and Kaskaskia.
March 1791: Vermont is admitted to the Union.
January 1792: The Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy released the land to Pennsylvania in January 1789 for payments of $2,000 from Pennsylvania and $1,200 from the federal government.The Seneca Nation separately settled land claims against Pennsylvania in February 1791 for the sum of $800.
June 1794: The Trans-Oconee Republic was a short-lived, independent state west of the Oconee River (in the state of Georgia). Established by General Elijah Clarke in May 1794, it was an attempt to head off the new Federal government's ceding of lands claimed by Georgia back to the Creek.
August 1794: Territories conquered by the United States around the time of the Battle of Fallen Timbers, and later formally ceded by the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanees, Ottawas, Chippewas, Pattawatimas, Miamis, Eel Rivers, Weas, Kickapoos,Piankeshaws, and Kaskaskias with the Treaty of Greenville (1795).
October 1794: In September 1794, state and federal troops led by General Elijah Clarke forced him and his followers to surrender and leave the Trans-Oconee Republic settlements. The armed forces destroyed the houses and forts as part of the conflict between the settlers and the USA government.
November 1794: Foundation of the Cherokee Nation under the Treaty of Tellico Blockhouse.
November 1794: The treaty of Canandaigua was signed in 1794 between the United States and the Iroquois Confederacy, represented by leaders such as Cornplanter and Red Jacket. The treaty resulted in the Iroquois ceding a significant portion of their ancestral lands to the Americans, including the territory of Six Nations.
November 1794: U.S. treaty concluded at Konondaigua (New York) with the six nations of New York.
January 1796: The U.S. finally defeated the Indian Western Confederacy at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794 and imposed the Treaty of Greenville, which ceded most of what is now Ohio, part of present-day Indiana, and the lands that include present-day Chicago and Detroit, to the United States federal government.
May 1796: U.S. treaty concluded at New York with the seven nations of Canada that reliquished "to the state of New York all claim to lands within that state".
June 1796: The Southwest Territory was admitted as the sixteenth state, Tennessee.
September 1797: U.S. treaty concluded at Genesee (New York) with the Seneka.
October 1798: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
January 1800: The State of Muskogee was founded in 1799 and led by William Augustus Bowles, a Loyalist veteran of the American Revolutionary War who lived among the Muscogee, and envisioned uniting the American Indians of the Southeast into a single nation that could resist the expansion of the United States.
June 1800: Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve, a strip of land in present-day Ohio, to the federal government in 1800. The territory was then assigned to the Northwest Territory.
December 1801: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Adams (Mississippi) with the Choctaw.
April 1802: Georgia ceded its western half, known as the Yazoo Lands, to the federal government. At the same time, the federal government ceded to Georgia the eastern portion of the land previously ceded by South Carolina, though in reality Georgia technically already held title to the land, as the description of the earlier cession was based on an erroneous understanding of geography.
June 1802: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1802: U.S. treaty concluded at Buffalo Creek (New York) with the Seneka.
March 1803: The southern half of the Northwest Territory, along with a thin sliver of Indiana Territory, was admitted as the seventeenth state, Ohio.
May 1803: The USA captured William Boyles and ended the State of Muskogee.
October 1804: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
July 1805: The Treaty of Fort Industry was a successor treaty to the Treaty of Greenville, which moved the eastern boundary of Indian lands in northern Ohio from the Tuscarawas River and Cuyahoga River westward to a line 120 miles west of the Pennsylvania boundary
July 1805: U.S. treaty concluded in the Chickasaw country with the Chickasaw.
October 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
October 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Tellico (Tennessee) with the Cherokee.
November 1805: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Creek.
January 1806: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Cherokee.
November 1807: The Treaty of Detroit was a treaty between the United States and the Ottawa, Chippewa, Wyandot and Potawatomi Native American nations.
November 1808: The lucrative fur trade stimulated the growth of St. Louis and attracted settlers there. The US and Osage signed their first treaty on November 10, 1808, by which the Osage made a major cession of land in present-day Missouri. Under the Osage Treaty, they ceded 52,480,000 acres (212,400 km2) to the federal government
April 1812: Part of the Orleans Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Louisiana.
August 1814: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1816: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Cherokee.
September 1816: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1816: A small slice of michigan was given to the new state of indiana.
December 1816: The Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Indiana.
July 1817: U.S. treaty concluded at the Cherokee agency with the Cherokee.
September 1817: The Treaty of Fort Meigs was the most significant Indian treaty in Ohio since the Treaty of Greenville in 1795, and resulted in cession by the Indians of nearly all remaining Indian lands in northwestern Ohio.
December 1817: The Territory of Mississippi was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from April 7, 1798, until December 10, 1817, when the western half of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Mississippi and the eastern half became the Alabama Territory.
January 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at the Creek ageny on Flint river with the Creek.
August 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Louis (Missouri Territory) with the Quapaw.
October 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Mary's (Ohio) with the Fotawatomi and the Wea.
October 1818: U.S. treaty concluded at St. Mary's (Ohio) with the Miami.
October 1818: The Treaty of Tuscaloosa was signed in October, 1818, and ratified by congress in January 1819. It was one of a series of treaties made between the Chickasaw Indians and the United States that year. It resulted in the acquisition of the Jackson Purchase
December 1818: The Territory of Illinois was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 1, 1809, until December 3, 1818, when the southern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Illinois.
February 1819: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Cherokee.
July 1819: U.S. treaty concluded at Edwardsville (Illinois) with the Kickapoo.
December 1819: The Territory of Mississippi was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from April 7, 1798, until December 10, 1817, when the western half of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Mississippi and the eastern half became the Alabama Territory until its admittance to the Union as the State of Alabama on December 14, 1819.
August 1820: U.S. treaty concluded at Vincennes (Indiana) with the Wea.
October 1820: The Treaty of Doak's Stand (7 Stat. 210, also known as Treaty with the Choctaw) was signed on October 18, 1820 (proclaimed on January 8, 1821) between the United States and the Choctaw Indian tribe. Based on the terms of the accord, the Choctaw agreed to give up approximately one-half of their remaining Choctaw homeland.
January 1821: U.S. treaty concluded with the Creek.
August 1821: The southeastern corner of Missouri Territory was admitted as the twenty-fourth state, Missouri, in 1821. This event was significant as it marked the expansion of the United States and the establishment of Missouri as a state.
August 1821: U.S. treaty concluded at Chicago (Illinois) with the Ottawa, Chippewa and Potawatomi.
February 1822: The Adams-Onís Treaty was signed between the United States and Spain, with John Quincy Adams representing the U.S. and Luis de Onís representing Spain. The treaty established the border between Spanish Texas and the United States at the Sabine River, leading to the transfer of the territory to the USA in 1822.
August 1824: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Iowa, Sauk and Fox.
June 1825: The Osages ceded their traditional lands across Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma to the U.S.A. in the treaties of 1818 and 1825
November 1825: After the Treaty of St. Louis in 1825, the 1,400 Missouri Shawnee were forcibly relocated from Cape Girardeau along the west bank of the Mississippi River to southeastern Kansas, close to the Neosho River.
January 1826: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Creek.
October 1826: U.S. treaty concluded near the mouth of Mississinew river on the Wabash with the Potawatomi.
July 1827: The Republic of Madawaska (French: République du Madawaska) was a putative republic in the northwest corner of Madawaska County, New Brunswick (also known as the "New Brunswick Panhandle") and adjacent areas of Aroostook County in the US state of Maine and of Quebec.
September 1827: The Republic of Madawaska is ended by U.S. and British authorities and its founder, John Baker, arrested.
November 1827: U.S. treaty concluded with the Creek.
February 1828: U.S. treaty concluded at the Wyandet village near the Wabash in Indiana with the Eel river or Thorntown party of the Miami Indians.
September 1828: U.S. treaty concluded at a missionary establishment upon the St. Joseph of lake Michigan (Michigan territory) with the Potawatomi.
July 1829: U.S. treaty concluded at Prairie du Chien (Michigan Territory) with the Potawatomi, Chippewa, and Ottawa.
August 1829: U.S. treaty concluded at Prairie du Chien (Michigan Territory) with the Winnabago.
August 1829: U.S. treaty concluded at Little Sanddusky (Ohio) with the Delaware-
September 1830: U.S. treaty concluded at Dancing Rabbit Creek (Mississippi) with the Choctaw.
February 1831: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Seneka of Sandusky river.
August 1831: U.S. treaty concluded at Wapaghkonnetta (Ohio) with the Shawnee.
August 1831: U.S. treaty concluded at Miami bay of Lake Erie with the Ottawa.
January 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at McCutcheonsville (Ohio)
March 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington D.C. with the Creek.
July 1832: The Indian Stream assembly, led by Luther Parker and Thomas Straw, declared independence from both the United States and Canada on July 9, 1832. They produced a constitution for the newly formed Republic of Indian Stream in the disputed territory along the border of New Hampshire and Canada.
August 1832: Eastern Iowa, originally owned by the Sauk, Meskwaki (Fox), and Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) Native American people, was acquired by treaty following their defeat by the United States in the Black Hawk War.
September 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Rock Armstrong (Illinois) with the Winnebago.
September 1832: Indian Treaty signed in the aftermath of the Black Hawk War
October 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Tallahassee with the Appalachicola.
October 1832: U.S. treaties concluded with the Potawatomi and Chickasaw.
October 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Castor Hill (Missouri) with the Kickapoo.
October 1832: U.S. treaties concluded with the Potawatomi, Shawnee and Delaware.
October 1832: U.S. treaty concluded at Tippacanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
February 1833: U.S. treaty concluded at the Maumee (Ohio) with the Ottawa.
September 1833: The second Treaty of Chicago granted the United States government all land west of Lake Michigan to Lake Winnebago in modern-day Wisconsin. The treaty included lands that are part of modern-day Illinois, as well. The treaty Native Americans (Potowatomi) in return received promises of various cash payments and tracts of land west of the Mississippi River.
October 1834: U.S. treaty concluded at Forks of the Wabash (Indiana) with the Miami.
December 1834: U.S. treaty concluded at a camp on Tippecanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
December 1834: U.S. treaty concluded at Logansport (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
August 1835: In 1835, the Republic of Indian Stream was annexed by New Hampshire, ending a territorial dispute. The Republic was a small, independent community located between Canada and the United States.
December 1835: Treaty of New Echota: the entire Cherokee Nation ceded its territory in the southeast and agreed to move west to the Indian Territory.
December 1835: U.S. treaty concluded at New Echota (Georgia) with the Cherokee.
March 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Turkey Creek Prairie (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
March 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Tippacanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
April 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Tippacanoe river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
April 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at the Indian agency of Indiana with the Potawatomi.
April 1836: U.S. treaty concluded with the Wyandot tribe in Ohio.
June 1836: The Territory of Arkansas, officially the Territory of Arkansaw, and commonly known as the Arkansas Territory or the Arkansaw Territory (A. T. or Ar. T.), was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1819, to June 15, 1836, when the final extent of Arkansas Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Arkansas.
August 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at the Yellow river (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
September 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Chippewanaung (Indiana) with the Potawatomi bands of To-i-sa's brother Me-mat-way and Che-quaw-ka-ko.
September 1836: U.S. treaty concluded at Chippewanaung (Indiana) with the Potawatomi.
January 1837: The Territory of Michigan was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from June 30, 1805, until January 26, 1837, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Michigan. Detroit was the territorial capital.
March 1837: The Platte Purchase transferred some land from unorganized territory to northwest Missouri, extending its northern border west to the Missouri.
January 1838: U.S. treaty concluded at Buffalo Creek (New York) with several tribes of New York.
November 1838: U.S. treaty concluded at Forks of the Wabash (Indiana) with the Miami.
January 1840: The Trail of Tears was the forced relocation of approximately 60,000 Native Americans in the United States from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to the Cherokee territory in Oklahoma.
November 1840: U.S. treaty concluded at Forks of the Wabash (Indiana) with the Miami.
March 1842: U.S. treaty concluded at Upper Sandusky (Ohio) with the Wyandot.
October 1842: U.S. treaty concluded at La Pointe of Lake Superior (Wisconsin territory) with the Chippewa.
December 1842: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1845: The Territory of Florida was admitted to the Union as the state of Florida.
December 1845: In 1845, Congress admitted Texas to the U.S. as a constituent state of the Union. This decision was a result of negotiations led by President James K. Polk and Texas President Anson Jones, following Texas' annexation from the Republic of Texas.
December 1846: The portion of Iowa Territory south of 43°30′ north and east of the Big Sioux River was admitted as the twenty-ninth state, Iowa. The remainder became unorganized territory.
May 1848: On May 29, 1848, an eastern portion of the Wisconsin Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin.
October 1848: U.S. treaty concluded at Lake Pow-aw-hay Kou-nay (Wisconsin) with the Menomini,
November 1848: U.S. treaty concluded at Stockbridge (Wisconsin) with the Sockbridge.
January 1849: In 1848, Beaver Island became the headquarters of the Strangite Kingdom, led by James J. Strang, who proclaimed himself as the "King Strang" and ruled over the Mormon colony on the island. The Strangite Mormon Church was a sect that broke away from the main Mormon Church.
September 1850: In 1850, California was admitted as the thirty-first state of the USA.
December 1850: The federal government purchased the western claims of Texas from Santa Anna. New Mexico Territory was organized from the part of this land east of the Rio Grande, with James S. Calhoun appointed as the first territorial governor.
December 1850: In 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850, a portion of the territories of Texas was transferred to the Utah Territory.
December 1850: In 1850, part of the Minnesota Territory became unorganized. This change was a result of the signing of the Minnesota Enabling Act by President Millard Fillmore and the subsequent organization of the Minnesota Territory.
January 1851: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1851: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Si-yan-te, Po-to-yan-ti, Co-co-noon, Apang-asse, Aplache and A-wall-a-che.
April 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Ta-che, Cah-wia, Yo-kol, To-lum-ne, Wic-chum-ne, Hol-cu-ma, To-e-ne-che, Tu-huc-mach, In-tim-peach, Choi-nuck, We-mil-che, and No-to-no-to to reserve a tract between Chowchilla and Cab-wia rivers.
May 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Ta-che, Cah-wia, Yo-kol, To-lum-ne, Wic-chum-ne, Hol-cu-ma, To-e-ne-che, Tu-huc-mach, In-tim-peach, Choi-nuck, We-mil-che, and No-to-no-to to reserve a tract between Chowchilla and Cab-wia rivers.
May 1851: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the I-o-no-hum-ne, We-chil-la, Su-ca-ah, Co-to-plan-e-nee, Chap-pah-sim, and Sage-wom-nee to reserve a tract on Stanislaus river.
June 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Chu-nute, Wo-wol, Yo-lum-ne, and Co-ye-tie to 1. Reserve a tract for Chu-nute and Wo-wol tribes between Tulare and Buena Vista lakes. And 2. Reserve a tract for Yo-lum-ne and Co-ye-tie tribes between Tule river, Paint creek, Emigrant road, and Sierra Nevadas..
June 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Cas-take, Te-jon, San Im-iri, Uva, Car-i-se, Buena Vista, Se-na-hu-ow, Ho-lo-cla-me, So-ho-nut, To-ci-a, and Hol-mi-uk to reserve a tract between Tejon pass and Kern river and to cede all claim to territory outside of reserved tract.
July 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Das-pia, Ya-ma-do, Yol-la-mer, Wai-de-pa-can, On-o-po-ma, Mon-e-da, Wan-nuck, Nem-shaw, Be-no-pi, and Ya-cum-na to reserve a tract between Bear and Yuba rivers and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
July 1851: U.S. treaty concluded at Traverse des Sioux, Minnesota with the Sioux (Sisseton and Wahpeton bands).
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Mi-chop-da, Es-ki-un, Ho-lo-lu-pi, Toto, Su-nu, Che-no, Bat-si, Yut-duc, and Sim-sa-wa to reserve a tract on Feather river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Noe-ma-noe-ma, Y-lac-ca, and Noi-me-noi-me to reserve a tract on Sacramento river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Ca-la-na-po, Ha-bi-na-po, Da-no-ha-bo, Mo-al-kai, Checom, How-ku-ma, Cha-nel-kai, and Me-dam-a-rec to reserve a tract on Clear lake and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
August 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Sai-nell, Yu-ki-as, Mas-su-ta-ka-ya, and Po-mo to cede all claim to territory and agree to remove to Clear lake reserve.
September 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Co-lu, Wil-lay, Co-ha-ma, Tat-nah, Cha, Doc-duc, Cham-et-ko, and Toc-de to reserve a tract on Sacramento river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
September 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Cu-lee, Yas-see, Lo-clum-ne, and Wo-pum-ne to reserve a tract on Consumnes river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
September 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Cu-lee, Yas-see, Lo-clum-ne, and Wo-pum-ne to reserve a tract on Consumnes river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
October 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the Poh-lik, or Lower Klamath, Pehtuck, or Upper Klamath, and Hoo-pah, or Trinity river to reserve a tract on Klamath river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
November 1851: U.S. treaty concluded with the O-de-i-lah, I-ka-ruck, Ko-se-tah, I-da-kar-i-waka-ha, Wat-sa-he-wa, and E-eh to reserve a tract on the upper Klamath river and cede all claim to other territory to the U.S.A.
September 1853: U.S. treaty with the Tejon, Castake, San Imirio to create a reserve called Tejon Pass.
September 1853: U.S. treaty concluded at Table Rock, Oregon territory with the Rogue River Indians.
May 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C. with the Iowa.
May 1854: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1854: U.S. treaty concluded with the Nome Lackee, Nome Cult, Nir-muck, et al. to establish a reserve called Nome Lackee.
September 1854: U.S. treaty concluded at La Pointe, Wisconsin with the Chippewa of lake Superior and the Mississippi.
June 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1855: U.S. treaty concluded at Hell Gate (Montana territory) with the Flathead, Kootenay, and Upper Pend d'Oreille.
August 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1855: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1856: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1856: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1856: James Strang was a religious leader who founded the Strangite Kingdom on Beaver Island in Lake Michigan. After Strang was assassinated in 1856, mobs from nearby islands expelled his followers, and the territory was reclaimed by the USA.
May 1858: The eastern half of Minnesota Territory was admitted as the thirty-second state, Minnesota, on May 11, 1858. This event was significant as it marked the official establishment of Minnesota as a state within the United States of America.
June 1858: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1859: The Territory of Oregon was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from August 14, 1848, until February 14, 1859, when the southwestern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Oregon.
April 1859: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1859: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1861: On January 29, 1861, the eastern portion of the Kansas Territory was admitted to the Union as the free state of Kansas.
February 1861: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1861: U.S. treaty concluded at Fort Wise, Kansas territory, with the Arapaho and Cheyenne of Upper Arkansas.
November 1861: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1862: New Orleans was captured April 29, 1862 by a combined Army-Navy force under U.S. Flag Officer David Farragut and Major General Benjamin Butler during the American Civil War. The city's fall was a significant victory for the Union, as it gave them control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two.
June 1862: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1862: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1863: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1864: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1864: The Territory of Nevada was established during the American Civil War. Abraham Lincoln signed the bill creating the territory, and James W. Nye was appointed as the first governor. Nevada's rapid statehood was due to its silver mines and strategic importance for the Union during the war.
July 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1865: The Free State of Jones was a region in Mississippi led by Newton Knight, a Confederate deserter. After the Civil War, the county was renamed Davis County in honor of Jefferson Davis, but the name was changed back to Jones County four years later.
December 1865: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1866: The slice of Utah Territory west of 37° west from Washington was transferred to Nevada.
June 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1866: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1867: The northwestern corner of Arizona Territory, west of the Colorado River and 37° west from Washington, was transferred to Nevada.
February 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1867: U.S. treaty concluded at Washington, D. C., with the Seneka, Mixed Seneka, and Shawnee, Quapaw, Peoria, Kaskaskia, Piankishaw, Wea, Ottawa of Blanchard's fork and Roche de Boeuf, and certain Wyandot.
March 1867: Nebraska Territory was admitted as the thirty-seventh state, Nebraska, in 1867. This event was significant as it marked the official establishment of Nebraska as a state within the United States.
March 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1867: The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867
November 1867: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1868: The U.S. Congress discontinues the Smith River reservation in California and provides for the removal of Indians to Hoope valley and Round valley reservations.
August 1869: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1870: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1870: Following the American Civil War and victory of the Union, the Drum Creek Treaty was passed by Congress July 15, 1870 during the Reconstruction era and ratified by the Osage at a meeting in Montgomery County, Kansas, on September 10, 1870. It provided that the remainder of Osage land in Kansas be sold and the proceeds used to relocate the tribe to Indian Territory in the Cherokee Outlet
September 1872: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1873: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
February 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1874: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
June 1875: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
April 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1876: Colorado Territory was admitted as the thirty-eighth state, Colorado.
August 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1876: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1878: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1878: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1879: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1880: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1881: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
December 1881: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1882: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
August 1882: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
September 1882: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1883: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1883: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
October 1886: The U.S. President establishes a reservation for Chehalis Indians in lieu of reserve set apart by Executive order of July 8, 1864.
December 1888: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
March 1889: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1889: Washington Territory was admitted as the forty-second state, Washington.
November 1889: The Dakota Territory was split in half along the "seventh standard parallel north", a few miles south of 46° north, and admitted as the thirty-ninth state, North Dakota, and the fortieth state, South Dakota.
November 1889: Montana Territory was admitted as the forty-first state, Montana, in 1889. This event marked the official incorporation of the territory into the United States of America.
November 1889: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
May 1890: Oklahoma Territory was organized.
July 1890: In 1890, Idaho Territory was admitted as the forty-third state, Idaho. This was a significant event in the history of the United States, marking the official establishment of Idaho as a state. The territory had been governed by various officials, including territorial governors like George Laird Shoup and Norman B. Willey, before achieving statehood.
July 1890: Wyoming Territory was admitted as the forty-fourth state, Wyoming.
March 1891: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
July 1892: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
November 1892: Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894
January 1896: Utah Territory was admitted as the forty-fifth state, Utah.
November 1907: Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory were combined and admitted as the forty-sixth state, Oklahoma.
January 1912: New Mexico Territory was admitted as the forty-seventh state, New Mexico.
February 1912: Arizona Territory was admitted as the forty-eighth state, Arizona.
January 1959: Alaska was granted statehood on January 3, 1959.
August 1959: Hawaiʻi was admitted as a U.S. state on August 21, 1959.
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