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Polity that includes all territories militarly occupied by Germany that are not part of a specific military territory.
Establishment
January 1871: Unification of Germany into a German Empire with tight political and administrative integration, replacing the decentralized German Confederation and Holy Roman Empire, was officially proclaimed on 18 January 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles in France.
January 1871: Battle of Saint-Quentin (1871).
February 1871: Battle of Villersexel.
February 1871: Siege of Belfort (1870-1871).
March 1871: Soldiers of the Commune's National Guard killed two French army generals, and the Commune refused to accept the authority of the French government.
May 1871: Peace treaty signed in Frankfurt on 10 May 1871, at the end of the Franco-Prussian War. It established the frontier between the French Third Republic and the German Empire, which involved the ceding of 1,694 French villages and cities to Germany.
May 1871: By application of the Treaty of Frankfurt, the departments of Calvados, Orne, Sarthe, Eure-et-Loir, Loiret, Loir-et-Cher, Indre-et-Loire, Yonne, Seine-Inférieure, Eure, Seine-et-Oise, Seine-et-Marne as far as the Seine, Aube and Côte-d'Or were evacuated by the Germans following its signature on May 10, 1871.
May 1871: The territory of Alsace-Lorraine was reconquered by the French Republic on November 28, 1918. This region had been under German military occupation since 1871 following the Franco-Prussian War. The return of Alsace-Lorraine to France was a significant event in the aftermath of World War I.
May 1871: End of the Commune in Paris.
July 1871: The treaty of Frankfurt provided that after a first payment by France of an indemnity of half a billion, the evacuation of German troops would extend to the departments of the Somme, the Oise and parts of the departments of Seine-Inférieure, Seine-et -Oise and Seine-et-Marne, located on the right bank of the Seine. These 6 departments were liberated at the end of July 1871 after payment of 500 million francs in mid-July, and one billion in August.
October 1871: The departments of Aisne, Aube, Côte-d'Or, Doubs and Jura were evacuated by the Germans in accordance with the treaty of Frankfurt.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of wars that resulted in the creation of the German Empire under Prussian leadership in 1871.
1.1.Franco-Prussian War
Was a war that saw the Second French Empire fight against an alliance of German states led by the Kingdom of Prussia. The war was caused by the struggle over dominance in continental Europe between Prussia and France. The German states were victorious and in 1871 merged to form the German Empire. France was occupied and forced to cede Alsace-Lorraine to Germany.
1.1.1.War of the Government of National Defence
Was the continuation of the German invasion of France after the fall of the Second French Empire. The newly created Second French Republic continued to fight, but the German troops eventually occupied most of northern and central France.
1.1.2.Unification of Germany (1871)
Was the unification of 25 German states into the German Empire under the leadership of the Kingdom of Prussia, officially proclaimed on 18 January 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles in France.
1.1.3.Paris Commune
Following the collapse of the Second French Empire, the French National Guard established a revolutionary government in Paris. The national French Army suppressed the Commune at the end of May during La semaine sanglante ("The Bloody Week") beginning on 21 May 1871.
1.1.4.German Withdrawal (Treaty of Frankfurt of 1871)
Was the phased evacuation of France by the forces of the German Empire as settled in the Treaty of Frankfurt (1871) that had ended the Franco-Prussian War.
August 1873: The advance payment by the French at the beginning of 1873 of the last of the 5 billion in compensation led to the liberation of the departments of Ardennes, Marne, Haute-Marne and Vosges from german occupation in July 1873.
October 1873: The German army leaves Belfort, the Meuse and the Meurthe-et-Moselle.
1.1.5.Cession of Alsace-Lorraine
According to the peace treaty signed in Frankfurt on 10 May 1871, at the end of the Franco-Prussian War, the region of Alsace-Lorraine was ceded by France to Germany.
Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.
2.1.World War I African Theatre
Was the African Theatre of World War I.
2.1.1.East African campaign
Was a series of battles and guerrilla actions during World War I, which started in German East Africa (GEA) and spread to portions of Mozambique, Rhodesia, British East Africa, Uganda, and Belgian Congo.
2.1.1.1.German Invasion of Portuguese East Africa
Was the German invasion of Portuguese Mozambique during World War I.
November 1917: German conquest of Ngomano.
July 1918: German conquest of Namacurra.
July 1918: German conquest of Namirrue.
September 1918: German conquest of Numarroe.
2.1.1.2.German Invasion of Rhodesia
Was the German invasion of Rhodesia during World War I.
November 1918: On 13 November, two days after the Armistice was signed in France, the German Army took Kasama, which had been evacuated by the British.
2.1.1.3.Surrender of German East Africa
After the surrender of Germany in Europe, the troops of General Lettow-Vorbeck in German East Africa surrendered.
November 1918: When German general Lettow-Vorbeck received a telegram announcing the signing of the armistice by Germany, he agreed to a cease-fire. He marched his force to Abercorn and formally surrendered to the Entente on 25 November 1918. All the territories occupied by German forces in eastern Africa were freed, and the German colonies occupied.
2.2.World War I western Front
Was the theatre of war in western Europe during World War I.
May 1915: Second Battle of Artois: On 9 May, five French corps had attacked two German divisions on a 25 km front and advanced 4 km on the front of the 5th Bavarian Reserve Division between the Lorette Spur and La Targette. The 77th Division and the DM of XXXIII Corps penetrated between Carency and Neuville.
May 1915: Second Battle of Artois: After the initial disbandment the Germans concentrated their reserves on 140m altitude and repulsed the attack.
May 1915: Second battle of Artois: the French army conquered Carency.
May 1915: With the Second Battle of Artois, Ablain-Saint-Nazaire is freed by French forces.
June 1915: Second Battle of Artois: Neuville is freed by French forces.
June 1915: Second Battle of Artois: the French were driven back after a few days, due to the very intense reaction of the German artillery and infantry.
September 1915: Third Battle of Artois: Battle of Loos: The British were able to break through the weaker German defences and capture the village of Loos-en-Gohelle, mainly due to numerical superiority.
September 1915: Third Battle of Artois: French III and XII Corps proceeded slowly and with little progress southeast of Neuville-Saint-Vaast.
September 1915: Third Battle of Artois: French XXXIII and XXI Corps had taken the town of Souchez.
September 1915: Third Battle of Artois: In very wet weather the French Tenth Army captured Vimy Ridge, except for the highest point, where German counter-attacks retook the ground from XXXIII Corps.
February 1916: Battle of Verdun: The Germans took Fort Douaumont and then French reinforcements halted the German advance by 28 February.
May 1916: The Germans turned their focus to Le Mort Homme. After some of the most intense fighting of the campaign, the hill was taken by the Germans in late May. On 24 May, the Germans took the second summit, Côte 295.
June 1916: The Germans captured Fort Vaux on 7 June.
June 1916: With the aid of diphosgene gas, the Germans came within 1 km of the last ridge before Verdun.
June 1916: The German advance was contained on 23 June.
July 1916: On 1 July, after a week of heavy rain, British divisions in Picardy began the Battle of the Somme with the Battle of Albert, supported by five French divisions on their right flank. The attack had been preceded by seven days of heavy artillery bombardment. The experienced French forces were successful in advancing but the British artillery cover had neither blasted away barbed wire, nor destroyed German trenches as effectively as was planned.
July 1916: Advancement of the French up to July 14.
September 1916: Advancement of the French forces up to 15 september.
November 1916: The final phase of the battle took place in October and early November, again producing limited gains with heavy loss of life. All told, the Somme battle had made penetrations of only 8 kilometres and failed to reach the original objectives. The advancement showed on map are up to november.
December 1916: The French recaptured Fort Vaux in November.
January 1917: By December 1916 the French had pushed the Germans back 2.1 km from Fort Douaumont.
March 1917: During the Somme battle and through the winter months, the Germans created a fortification behind the Noyon Salient that would be called the Hindenburg Line. During the German withdrawal, the British Third Army and Fifth Army followed up and conducted the Capture of Bapaume, 17 March 1917.
March 1917: The French took Péronne.
March 1917: The German retirement took place between 9 February and 20 March 1917, after months of preparation. The German retreat shortened the Western front by 40 km.
April 1917: Battle of Arras: initial French advancement.
April 1917: French advancement after the Battles of Arras and of Vimy Ridge.
April 1917: The French Third Army in the centre advanced astride the Scarpe River and in the south, the British Fifth Army attacked the Hindenburg Line but made few gains. The British armies then conducted smaller attacks to consolidate the new positions.
April 1917: The Nivelle Offensive was a failed military operation led by French General Robert Nivelle during World War I. It took place in 1917 in the region of Chemin des Dames in France. The offensive resulted in heavy casualties and led to widespread mutinies within the French army.
May 1917: The Nivelle Offensive was a failed military operation led by French General Robert Nivelle during World War I. It took place in 1917 in the region of Chemin des Dames in France. The offensive resulted in heavy casualties and led to widespread mutinies within the French army.
June 1917: Battle of Messines (1917).
July 1917: Battle of Passchendaele.
September 1917: Battle of Passchendaele.
November 1917: Battle of Passchendaele: The Canadian Corps relieved the II ANZAC Corps and took the village of Passchendaele on 6 November.
November 1917: Battle of Cambrai:On 20 November the British launched the first massed tank attack and the first attack using predicted artillery-fire. he attack was a great success for the British, who penetrated further in six hours than at the Third Ypres in four month.
December 1917: Battle of Passchendaele.
December 1917: Battle of Cambrai: The advance produced an awkward salient and a surprise German counter-offensive began on 30 November, which drove back the British in the south and failed in the north.
2.2.1.Occupation of Luxembourg
Was the German occupation of Luxembourg during World War I.
August 1914: On 2 August, Germany occupied Luxembourg.
2.2.2.German Offensive in Flanders (World War I)
Was the German offensive in the Flanders at the beginning of World War I.
August 1914: Armies under German generals Alexander von Kluck and Karl von Bülow attacked Belgium on 4 August 1914 and occupied Liege.
August 1914: The first battle in Belgium was the Siege of Liège, which lasted from 5-16 August.
August 1914: The Belgian capital, Brussels, fall to the Germans.
August 1914: Battle of Charleroi.
August 1914: German siege at Namur that lasted from about 20-23 August.
August 1914: Battle of Mons.
August 1914: Siege of Maubeuge.
August 1914: Battle of St. Quentin.
September 1914: The German Army came within 70 km of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6-12 September).
September 1914: The opposing forces in Western Europe made reciprocal outflanking manoeuvres, known as the Race for the Sea and quickly extended their trench systems from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea.
September 1914: Race for the Sea: German forces arrive in Ham.
September 1914: Race for the Sea: German forces arrive in Mericourt.
October 1914: Race for the Sea: German forces arrive in Bapaume.
October 1914: Race for the Sea: German forces arrive in Ypres and Baielleul.
October 1914: Changes of the Western front by 8 October 1914.
October 1914: Germans take Antwerp.
May 1915: Second Battle of Ypres: by the end of the battle the Ypres salient was compressed, with Ypres closer to the line.
2.2.3.German spring offensive
Was a series of German attacks along the Western Front during the First World War, beginning on 21 March 1918. Following American entry into the war in April 1917, the Germans decided that their only remaining chance of victory was to defeat the Allies before the United States could ship soldiers across the Atlantic and fully deploy its resources.
March 1918: Somme Offensive.
April 1918: Somme Offensive.
April 1918: The Lys Offensive was a major German attack on the Western Front during World War I in April 1918. The Germans managed to penetrate Allied lines to a depth of 9.3 mi (15 km).
June 1918: Aisne Offensive.
June 1918: Noyon-Montdidier Offensive.
July 1918: Champagne-Marne Offensive.
2.2.4.Second Battle of the Marne
Was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War.
July 1918: Second Battle of the Marne.
August 1918: Second Battle of the Marne.
2.2.5.Hundred Days Offensive
Was a series of massive Allied offensives that led to the collapse of the Western Front and of the German Empire.
August 1918: Battle of Amiens (1918).
August 1918: Second Battle of the Somme: Albert was captured by the French on 22 August.
August 1918: Second Battle of the Somme: Bapaume fell to the French on 29 August.
August 1918: Allied advancement up to 30 August.
September 1918: The Germans had been forced back to the Hindenburg Line.
September 1918: Havrincourt and St Mihiel conquered by French Third Republic.
September 1918: Allied advancement up to 25 September.
September 1918: Avancement up to 25 September.
October 1918: Battle of Cambrai.
October 1918: Courtrai is liberated by the British Second Army.
October 1918: The British arrived in Roubaix.
November 1918: Entente advance in central Europe by 11 November 1918.
2.3.World War I eastern Front
Was the theatre of war in eastern Europe during World War I.
January 1916: During the first year of the war, German and Austrian troops quickly conquered the Russian Vistula Land, the former Congress Poland, and in 1915, divided its administration between a German Governor General in Warsaw and an Austrian counterpart in Lublin.
September 1917: The Germans attacked and captured Riga.
January 1918: Following the Russian Revolution in 1917, Estonia declared independence. However, German forces occupied the territory shortly after, with General Rüdiger von der Goltz leading the military administration.
February 1918: The Council of Lithuania declared Lithuania's independence on February 16, 1918. The country was de facto occupied by German troops all the time.
February 1918: The Soviet Republic of Naissaar was occupied by German forces.
2.3.1.Russian invasion of East Prussia
Was the Russian invasion of East Prussia in the early phases of World War I.
September 1914: Part of Russia on the border with East Prussia invaded by German forces.
2.3.2.Battle of Galicia
Was a major battle between Russia and Austria-Hungary during the early stages of World War I. The Austro-Hungarian armies were severely defeated and forced out of Galicia.
December 1914: After the battle of Lodz in 1914, the Eastern Front of World War I stabilized between the cities of Lodz and Warsaw.
2.3.3.Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
Was the northern part of the Central Powers' offensive on the Eastern Front in the winter of 1915.
February 1915: German advance in Prussia with the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes.
2.3.4.Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive
The Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive during World War I was initially conceived as a minor German offensive to relieve Russian pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front, but resulted in the Central Powers' chief offensive effort of 1915, causing the total collapse of the Russian lines and their retreat far into Russia.
May 1915: The Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive during World War I was initially conceived as a minor German offensive to relieve Russian pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front, but resulted in the Central Powers' chief offensive effort of 1915, causing the total collapse of the Russian lines and their retreat far into Russia.
2.3.5.Operation Faustschlag
Was a Central Powers offensive in World War I. It was the last major action on the Eastern Front. The northern force, consisting of 16 divisions, captured the key Daugavpils junction on the first day.
February 1918: The northern force, consisting of 16 divisions, captured the key Daugavpils junction.
2.4.Aftermath of World War I
Were a series of treaties and military events that can be considered a direct consequence of World War I.
2.4.1.Aftermath of World War I in Poland
Events that happened shortly after the end of World War I in Poland.
2.4.1.Creation of Estonia after the retreat of the German Army
After their defeat in World War I, the Germans handed over the power in Estonia to a Provisional Government.
November 1918: After their defeat in World War I, the Germans were forced to hand over power in Estonia to the Provisional Government.
2.4.2.Estonian War of Independence
Was the Estonian War of independence from Bolshevik Russia and German troops.
2.4.2.1.Soviet Offensive (Estonian War of Independence)
Was the Bolshevik invasion of Estonia, a former region of the Russian Empire that had declared independence.
November 1918: The RSFSR Captured Narva on 29 November.
2.4.2.2.Liberation of Estonian territories (Estonian War of Independence)
Estonian counteroffensive against the Bolshevik invasion.
January 1919: Liberation of the Estonian town of Rakvere.
January 1919: Battle of Paju.
Was a Civil War in Russia that involved varios factions but mainly the Bolsheviks and the conservative White Army in the core Russian territories, as well as a multitude of local secessionist states. At the end of war the Bolsheviks were victorious and established the Soviet Union.
May 1918: The last Swedes retreated from the Åland Islands on 26 May 1918.
October 1918: The Germans stayed in the Åland Islands until September 1918.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
4.1.World War II (Eastern Theatre)
Was the Eastern European theatre of World War II.
February 1942: Soviet offensive in the Rzhev area.
December 1942: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
February 1943: Kursk was retaken by the Soviets.
February 1943: The Red Army occupies Rostov.
February 1943: Hitler arrived at Army Group South headquarters at Zaporizhia just hours before the Soviets liberated Kharkov.
April 1943: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
July 1943: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
August 1943: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
November 1943: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
December 1943: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
March 1944: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
April 1944: Frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
December 1944: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the eastern front of World War II in that date.
4.1.1.Invasion of Poland
Was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union. It marked the beginning of World War II.
September 1939: The German armies opened their offensive on September 1 at 5:45 AM, crossing the Polish frontiers on all fronts. Athe Fourteenth army attacked with two groups, one in the Mahrisch Ostrau towards Cracow, and the second group from the Sillein area of northern Slovakia. At the same time the the Fourth Army reached the line Konitz-Nakel.
September 1939: Polish forces at Wieluń surrender to the German 10th Army.
September 1939: Advancement of the German campaign in Poland by September 3rd.
September 1939: Battle of Mława.
September 1939: Polish forces around Piotrków surrender to the German 10th Army.
September 1939: On September 6, without opposition, the Mahrisch Ostrau group of the Fourteenth Army captured Cracow, principal city of southern Poland.
September 1939: The siege of Westerplatte concludes with the surrender of its remaining garrison to the Germans. Tarnów falls to the 14th Army.
September 1939: The pocket at Radom is reduced by the German 14th Army.
September 1939: On September 9 the army had reached the line Dukla-Rzeszow-Kolbuszowa.
September 1939: By the 10th the German forces reached the the east bank of the San at Radymno and Jaroslav. The 1st German Mountain Division forced a crossing of the San at Sanok, in the Carpathian foothills.
September 1939: On the 11th, German forces were south of the Fort of Przemysl, and has also reached Sambor and Lemberg.
September 1939: Advancing rapidly on the 12th, the Third Army cut the railroad lines leading from Warsaw to Bialystok and Siedlce.
September 1939: Advancement of the German campaign in Poland by September 13th.
September 1939: The German Third Army captured Brest Litovsk on the 14th.
September 1939: Przemyśl is captured by the German Army.
September 1939: Advancement of the German campaign in Poland by September 15th.
September 1939: Kutno falls to the German 8th Army and Brest-Litovsk falls to the 3rd Army.
September 1939: Advancement of the German campaign in Poland by September 18th.
September 1939: Advance of the Russian Invasion of Poland until 19 September.
September 1939: Advancement of the German campaign in Poland by September 20th.
September 1939: Advance of the German Invasion of Poland until 21 September.
September 1939: Advance of the German Invasion of Poland until 22 September.
September 1939: German capture of Modlin.
September 1939: Advance of the German Invasion of Poland until 30 September.
October 1939: Warsaw surrendered to German forces on September, 27. German forces occupied the city ca. on October, 1st.
October 1939: The garrison of the Hela Peninsula, besieged by land and naval forces, surrendered to German forces on October 1.
October 1939: The Battle of Kock ends with the surrender of defending Polish forces. This is the final significant military resistance to the German or Soviet invasions.
October 1939: In 1939, Poland was divided between the Soviet Union and Germany as part of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact.
4.1.2.German administration of eastern teritories during World War II
Refers to administrative acts of Germany on the organization of militarly occupied territories in eastern Europe during World War II.
October 1939: With two decresse on 8 and 12 October 1939, Adolf Hitler re-organized the occupied territories in Poland. West Prussia and the are of Poznan were annexed directly to Germany.
October 1939: With two decresse on 8 and 12 October 1939, Adolf Hitler re-organized the occupied territories in Poland. The part of Poland not annexed directly to the German Reich became the General Gouvernement under civilian administration.
July 1941: After the German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941, the Białystok Voivodeship, which included the Białystok, Bielsk Podlaski, Grajewo, Łomża, Sokółka, Volkovysk, and Grodno Counties, was "attached to" (not incorporated into) East Prussia.
4.1.3.Operation Barbarossa
Was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies.
July 1941: On July 7, Germany occupied Žytomyr and Berdičev.
July 1941: German advances in USSR during Operation Barbarossa by July 9th.
August 1941: The Transnistria Governorate was established, which was not formally annexed to Romania unlike Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina.
September 1941: German advances in USSR during Operation Barbarossa during September 1941.
November 1941: The Lokot Republic was established in central Russia by Bronislav Kaminski, a Russian collaborator with the Nazis.
December 1941: German advances in USSR during Operation Barbarossa by December 5th.
4.1.3.1.Baltic Operation
Refers to German operations that lead to the occupation of the Baltic states during the invasion of Russia of World War II.
June 1941: On the evening of June 22, the German 7th Panzer Division (Major General Hans von Funck) got into a major tank battle east of Olita (Alytus).
June 1941: The 3rd Infantry Division (motorized) of Germany advanced to Dubissa, where a bridgehead was established at Ariogala in the afternoon.
June 1941: Tauroggen is occupied by German forces.
June 1941: Fighting was fought around Polangen, the Soviet 10th Rifle Division's defenses were breached and it was forced to retreat north.
June 1941: The 8th Panzer Division (General Brandenberger), covered on the left by the 290th Infantry Division, took Georgenburg.
June 1941: The breakthrough between Mariampol and Kalvarja was forced by the German Army.
June 1941: The German 121st Infantry Division attacked in the Wirballen area and was soon engaged in house-to-house fighting in Kibarten.
June 1941: Heavy losses of Soviet troops during the counterattacks and lack of fuel and ammunition led to the fall of Kaunas and Vilna on June 24.
June 1941: The German XXVIII. Army Corps attacked with the 122nd and 123rd Infantry Divisions near Neustadt and northwest of Sintautai.
June 1941: The German LVI. Army Corps reached the Ukmerge area on 24 June.
June 1941: The front parts of the Soviet 28th Panzer Division (Raseiniai) were wedged and lost 14 tanks and 20 guns, leaving the battlefield on the night of June 24th.
June 1941: German military occupation of Schaulen (today Šiauliai), Lithuania.
June 1941: German motorized corps reached the river at Krustpils on June 26.
June 1941: On the morning of June 26, the 8th Panzer Division (General Brandenberger) and the 3rd Motorized Division (General Jahn) reached the Düna, taking Dünaburg and securing a bridgehead on the right bank of the river.
June 1941: As late as June 28, Libau was occupied by the Germans without any particular resistance.
June 1941: Motorized corps of General Reinhardt reached the western Düna near Jakobstadt and Lievenhof.
June 1941: On June 29, Jelgava (Mitau) was occupied by the German 18th Army.
June 1941: At the end of June, the German 1st Army Corps with the 1st, 11th and 21st Infantry Divisions concentrated on the Düna in the Friedrichstadt area.
July 1941: Ventspils (Windau) was taken by the Germans on July 1st.
July 1941: On July 1, the Soviet 8th Army was further withdrawn to the Gulbene - Lake Lubana line.
July 1941: On the evening of July 3, German troops occupied Gulbene.
July 1941: East of Dünaburg near Kraslava the Düna crossing by the Germans took place on July 3rd.
July 1941: Units of the German LVI. motorized corps occupied Rezekne on July 4th.
July 1941: The pushed-off Soviet 42nd Panzer Division held out in the Dagda District until the evening of July 3.
July 1941: The Germans retook Ostrow.
July 1941: On July 6 the city of Ostrow fell back into German hands.
July 1941: German troops threw back the remnants of the Soviet 41st Rifle Corps across this river and occupied the western part of Pskov.
July 1941: The German 217th Infantry Division, supported by the Navy, took Pernau on 9 July.
July 1941: German forces reached the Dorpat-Pernau line on July 10.
August 1941: On August 5, the German units reached Tallinn.
August 1941: On August 7th, 1941, German forces under the command of Field Marshal Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb reached the coast of the Gulf of Finland at Kunda.
August 1941: On August 27, Admiral W. F. Tributz issued the order to evacuate his naval troops, on this day German troops entered Tallinn.
4.1.3.2.Battle of Białystok-Minsk
Was a German strategic operation conducted by the Wehrmacht's Army Group Centre during the penetration of the Soviet border region. The operation loed to the occupation of Belarus.
June 1941: Minsk, the capital of Belarus, fell to the Wehrmacht.
4.1.3.2.1.German Invasion of Belarus
Was a German strategic operation conducted by the Wehrmacht's Army Group Centre during the penetration of the Soviet border region. The operation led to the occupation of Belarus.
June 1941: By the night of 25 June, the Soviet counterattack was defeated, and the commander of the 6th Cavalry Corps was captured yb the Germans in Grodno.
4.1.3.3.Siege of Leningrad
Was a prolonged military blockade undertaken by the Axis powers against the Soviet city of Leningrad (present-day Saint Petersburg) on the Eastern Front of World War II.
June 1941: Riga conquered by germany.
August 1941: The German XXVI. Army Corps reached the Luga sector near Kingisepp on August 17.
August 1941: The Germans Captured Tallinn by August 28.
September 1941: On September 8, the Wehrmacht captured Schlisselburg on the shore of Lake Ladoga.
October 1941: Until mid-October the large Baltic islands were occupied by German forces.
4.1.3.4.Operation München (Bessarabia)
A joint German-Romanian offensive during the German invasion of the Soviet Union in World War II, with the primary objective of recapturing Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region, ceded by Romania to the Soviet Union a year before.
July 1941: By the evening of July 4, parts of the German XI. and XXX. Army corps broke through on the Stolnichena, Zaikany, Shuchulia, Kulugar-Sosh and Busila lines and broke through to Balti.
August 1941: On August 17, Bessarabia and northern Bukovina were officially reintegrated into the Romanian state.
4.1.3.5.Battle of Kiev
Was the struggle between Germany and the USSR for the area of Kiev during World War II.
July 1941: The German forces managed to break through the fortified Stalin Line in the southeast portion of Zhytomyr Oblast.
July 1941: The Axis ground forces reached the Dnieper tributary Irpin River.
September 1941: German occupation of Kiev.
November 1943: Continuing to advance West of Kiev, Soviet forces take Zhitomir, important rail center.
4.1.3.6.Battle of Smolensk
Was the struggle between Germany and the USSR for the area of Smolenks during World War II.
July 1941: German troops, commanded by Field Marshal Fedor von Bock, conquered the city of Smolensk on July 15, while the battle could be considered concluded on the 26th with the liquidation of the last pockets of Soviet resistance, laying the foundations for the attack towards the capital.
September 1943: Bryansk is liberated by the Red Army during Smolensk operation.
September 1943: After four days of battle, Soviet rifle divisions captured Dukhovshchina.
September 1943: Yartsevo, an important railroad hub near Smolensk, was liberated by Soviet troops.
September 1943: Soviet forces take Smolensk and Roslavl on central front.
4.1.3.7.Battle of Uman
Was the World War II German offensive in Uman, Ukraine, against the 6th and 12th Soviet Armies.
July 1941: Panzergruppe 1 occupied the important strategic point of Bila Tserkva.
August 1941: Battle of Uman.
4.1.3.8.Battle of the Sea of Azov
Was an Axis military campaign fought between 26 September 1941 and 11 October 1941 on the northern shores of the Sea of Azov during Operation Barbarossa.
October 1941: The Germans captured Melitopol and Berdiansk.
October 1941: Germans captured Kharkiv on 24 October.
4.1.3.9.Battle of Moscow - German Offensive
Was the attempt of German troops to conquer Moscow, the capital and largest city of the Soviet Union.
October 1941: Spearheads of the German 3rd and 4th Panzer Groups met at Vyazma.
October 1941: By 13 October 1941, the Wehrmacht had reached the Mozhaisk defense line.
October 1941: German forces captured the city of Kalinin and south Kaluga and Tula.
October 1941: Mozhaisk and Maloyaroslavets conquered by germany.
October 1941: Battle of Bryansk.
October 1941: Naro-Fominsk fell to the Germans on 21 October.
October 1941: The Germans reached the outskirts of Tula until 26 October.
October 1941: Volokolamsk conquered by germany.
November 1941: The German Third Panzer Army captured Klin after heavy fighting on 23 November.
November 1941: The Germans took Stalinogorsk on 22 November 1941.
November 1941: Solnechnogorsk conquered by germany.
November 1941: Istra conquered by germany.
November 1941: Just northwest of Moscow, the Wehrmacht reached Krasnaya Polyana, little more than 29 km from the Kremlin in central Moscow.
4.1.3.10.Siege of Odessa
Was the siege of the city of Odessa, in the Soviet Union, during the early phase of Operation Barbarossa.
October 1941: Siege of Odessa.
4.1.3.11.Battle of Rostov
Was a battle of the Eastern Front of World War II, fought around Rostov-on-Don between the Army Group South of Nazi Germany and the Southern Front of the Soviet Union.
October 1941: By 17 October 1941 the Mius River was crossed by the 14th Panzer Division and Taganrog was captured by German troops.
November 1941: On 21 November the Germans took Rostov.
November 1941: On 27 November the Soviet 37th Army, commanded by Lieutenant-General Anton Ivanovich Lopatin, as part of the Rostov Strategic Offensive Operation, counter-attacked the 1st Panzer Army's spearhead from the north, forcing them to pull out of the city of Rostov.
4.1.3.12.Battle of Moscow - Soviet Counteroffensive
Was the counteroffensive of the Soviet troops against the Germans, that had put Moscow under siege.
December 1941: A Soviet offensive liberated Kalinin and the Red Army reached Klin.
December 1941: Soviet armies retook Solnechnogorsk.
December 1941: The Red army takes Klin.
December 1941: Soviet troops liberated Naro-Fominsk.
December 1941: The Red Army approaches Kaluga, south-west of Moscow (full liberation on 31 December).
January 1942: Maloyaroslavets conquered by USSR.
4.1.3.13.Russian Offensives in Leningrad
Was a prolonged military blockade undertaken by the Axis powers against the Soviet city of Leningrad (present-day Saint Petersburg) on the Eastern Front of World War II.
December 1941: Germans retreated from Tikhvin back to the Volkhov River.
January 1944: Red Army units gain ground in Leningrad area. Germans forces pushed 60-100 km away from the city. Enemy is cleared from area between Tosno and Lyuban.
4.1.3.14.Operation Iskra
Was a Soviet military operation in January 1943 during World War II, that succesfully broke the Wehrmacht's siege of Leningrad.
January 1943: Soviet Reconquests from the Germans up to January 22.
January 1943: Schlüsselburg conquered by USSR.
4.1.3.15.Operation Polar Star
Was an operation conducted by the Soviet forces that succeeded in recapturing the Demyansk salient.
February 1943: A Soviet operation succeeded in retaking the Demyansk salient.
4.1.4.Continuation War
The Continuation War, also known as the Second Soviet-Finnish War, was a conflict fought by Finland and Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union from 1941 to 1944, as part of World War II.
4.1.4.1.Operation Silver Fox
Was a joint German-Finnish military operation during the Continuation War on the Eastern Front of World War II against the Soviet Union. The objective of the offensive was to cut off and capture the key Soviet Port of Murmansk.
June 1941: The German 2nd Mountain Division was able to secure the neck of Rybachy Peninsula, while the 3rd Mountain Division was able to penetrate the Soviet lines at the Titovka Valley, capturing a bridge over the river.
4.1.4.2.Petsamo-Kirkenes Offensive
Was a major military offensive during World War II, mounted by the Red Army against the Wehrmacht in 1944 in the Petsamo region.
October 1944: Despite intensive planning before the Petsamo-Kirkenes Offensive, the initial attack on 7 October immediately met with problems. Poor visibility made it difficult to co-ordinate artillery and fire support, slowing the assault. Nevertheless, after some fierce fighting the Soviets broke through the German lines on the Titovka River.
4.1.5.German Crimean campaign
Was an eight-month-long campaign by Axis forces to conquer the Crimean Peninsula on the Eastern Front of World War II.
November 1941: Simferopol, Feodosiya and Kerch were conquered in quick succession by German forces in November 1941.
July 1942: Sevastopol surrendered to German forces on 4 July 1942.
4.1.6.Battle of the Kerch Peninsula
Was the struggle between Germany and the USSR for the control of the Kerch Peninsula during World War II.
December 1941: While German Army Group South continues offensive against Sevastopol, Soviet Caucasian troops make an amphibious assault against Crimea and seize Kerch and Feodosia.
May 1942: In 1942 the Germans occupied the city of Kerč again.
4.1.7.Demyansk Offensive Operation
Was the Soviet operation against a pocket of German troops encircled by the Red Army around Demyansk, south of Leningrad.
January 1942: German gains during the Demyansk Offensive Operation.
February 1942: Demyansk Pocket encircled by Soviet army.
4.1.8.Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive
Was a Red Army operation in northeastern Ukraine on the Eastern Front of World War II.
May 1942: Soviet gains from the Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive.
4.1.9.Case Blue
Was a German offensive whose goal was to capture the oild fields of Baku in the Caucasus.
July 1942: Japanese gains during the New Guinea Campaign.
July 1942: German gains during Case Blue.
July 1942: Battle of Voronezh.
July 1942: Salsk was captured by German forces on 31 July.
August 1942: German gains during Case Blue.
August 1942: Stavropol conquered by germany.
August 1942: Maikop falls to German Army Group A.
August 1942: The western oil fields near Maikop were seized by German forces in a commando operation from 8-9 August.
August 1942: German Army Group A reaches Pyatigorsk.
August 1942: Elista, in the Kalmyk district south of Stalingrad, was taken by German forces on 13 August.
August 1942: German Army Group B presses in steadily on Stalingrad, spearhead reaching the Volga.
August 1942: In the south, the German advance was stopped north of Grozny, after taking Mozdok.
August 1942: From August-September, the Taman Peninsula and a part of the Novorossiysk naval base were captured by the Germans.
September 1942: The Axis enjoyed greater success and on 1 September, the Germans took Khulkhuta, halfway between Elista and Astrakhan.
November 1942: Alagir was seized and the Alagir-Beslan-Malgobek line reached became the farthest German advance in the south.
November 1942: German gains during Case Blue.
4.1.10.Battle of Stalingrad
Was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II where Nazi Germany and its allies unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (today Volgograd) in Southern Russia.
February 1943: On 2 February 1943, the German 6th army, having exhausted their ammunition and food, finally capitulated.
4.1.10.1.Operation Uranius
Was the codename of the Soviet Red Army's 19-23 November 1942 strategic operation on the Eastern Front of World War II which led to the encirclement of the Axis forces in the vicinity of Stalingrad.
November 1942: Red Army advances during Operation Uranus by 19 November.
November 1942: Red Army advances during Operation Uranus by 23 November.
November 1942: Red Army offensive, which continues to gain ground in Stalingrad sector.
4.1.10.2.Operation Winter Storm
A German offensive in December 1942 during World War II whose aim was to break the Soviet encirclement of the German 6th Army during the Battle of Stalingrad.
December 1942: Red Army advances during Operation Uranus by 12 December.
December 1942: Red Army advances during Operation Uranus by 21 December
December 1942: Red Army advances during Operation Uranus by 23 December
4.1.11.Operation Saturn
Was a Red Army offensive on the Eastern Front of World War II in the Don and Chir rivers region.
January 1943: The Battle of Nikolayevka between the Axis Italian-German forces and Soviet troops , led to a chaotic retreat of the Italian Alpine Division.
February 1943: By February 1st the Italian Alpini retreated to the Kharkov area, where the Axis forces successfully organized a line of defense.
February 1943: The Red army continues to close on Rostov, Kharkov and Kursk.
4.1.12.Third Battle of Kharkov
Was a series of battles on the Eastern Front of World War II, undertaken by Army Group South of Nazi Germany against the Soviet Red Army, around the city of Kharkov.
February 1943: The Germans successfully surrounded and destroyed a number of Red Army units south of the Samara River.
March 1943: Between 1-5 March the 4th Panzer Army, including the SS Panzer Corps, covered 80 kilometers and positioned itself only about 16 kilometers south of Kharkov.
March 1943: German forces recapture Kharkov.
4.1.13.Operation Büffel
Was a retreat conducted by the German Army Group Centre on the Eastern Front during the period 1-22 March 1943 to shorten the front by 370 km.
March 1943: German retreat to eliminate the Rzhev Salient and shorten the front with the Soviets.
4.1.14.Battle of Kursk
Was the struggle between Germany and the USSR for the control of the Kursk region during World War II.
July 1943: German offensive operation in July 1943 against Soviet forces in the Kursk salient.
August 1943: Soviet counter-offensive in Kursk area.
August 1943: The Red Army captures Orel and Belgorod. The German 2nd Panzer Army is virtually destroyed during the Orel battle.
August 1943: The Red Army reaches the outskirts of Kharkov.
August 1943: After heavy fighting, Kharkov was liberated by the Red Army.
4.1.15.Donbass Strategic Offensive (August 1943)
Was a Soviet military operation with the goal of liberating the Donetsk Basin, or Donbas, from the forces of Nazi Germany.
August 1943: Taganrog was liberated by Soviet troops.
September 1943: Kal'mius River conquered by USSR.
September 1943: Soviet troops liberated Horlivka and Artemivsk.
September 1943: Konstantikovka conquered by USSR.
September 1943: Germans announce evacuation of Stalino.
September 1943: Soviet forces driving along edge of Sea of Azov take Mariupol.
September 1943: Sovieto liberation of Barvenkovo.
September 1943: As a result of a Soviet victory, the German Army had been forced to fall back more than 300 kilometer on the Panther-Wotan line along the Dnieper.
4.1.16.Battle of the Dnieper
Was a military campaign that took place in 1943 in Ukraine on the Eastern Front of World War II.
September 1943: Soviet forces take Sumy.
September 1943: Tschernigow conquered by USSR.
September 1943: Germans announce evacuation of Poltava, their last stronghold in the middle Dnieper.
September 1943: Red Army troops push through Poltava toward Kremenchug.
September 1943: Soviet troops occupy Kremenchug and eastern bank of the Dnieper in that area.
October 1943: On the Dnieper bend, Soviet forces successfully conclude struggle for Zaporodzhe, industrial center of the Ukraine.
October 1943: Dnepropetrovsk was liberated on October 25.
4.1.17.Dnieper-Carpathian Offensive
Was a Soviet strategic offensive whose goal was to clear the German-Romanian-Hungarian forces from most of the Ukrainian and Moldavian territories.
December 1943: Soviet troops of Second Ukrainian Front overrun Cherkassy.
December 1943: The Soviets liberated Kasatin on December 28.
December 1943: Soviet forces overwhelm enemy at Korosten .
December 1943: By December 30, the Soviets were able to reach the new Rovno-Shepetovka-Zhmerinka-Vinnitsa-Hristinovka-Uman line.
January 1944: On January 3, 1944, the Soviets liberated Novograd-Volynsky.
January 1944: On January 4 Belaya Tserkov falls to Soviet forces.
January 1944: Red Army forces overrun Berdichev, rail junction southwest of Kiev.
January 1944: By the end of the operation on January 16, the front line in the eastern theater was east of Smela, west of Kirovograd and north of Novgorodka.
January 1944: Medvin and Boyarka fell into Soviet hands on January 26.
February 1944: Soviet forces liberated the city of Lutsk.
February 1944: On February 3rd, the Soviet 13th Army took the important railway junction of Sdolbunov.
February 1944: Moscow announces major breakthrough by troops of Third Ukrainian Front in region northeast of Krivoi Rog and Nikopol where Apostolovi, rail junction between the 2 places, is overrun.
February 1944: Shepetovka, rail center West of Kiev near prewar Polish border, falls to troops of First Ukrainian Front.
February 1944: The Red Army reached the Ingulez River on February 29.
March 1944: On March 7, Soviet troops crossed the Gorni Tikich River.
March 1944: Soviet forces break into Tarnopol, where prolonged street fighting ensues.
March 1944: Soviet forces on the offensive South-West of Smela capture Uman, German air base.
March 1944: On March 16 the Red Army occupied Bobrines.
March 1944: Forces of First Ukrainian Front make progress SW of Rowno, overrunning Dubno
March 1944: By March 18, 1944, the Soviet advance led by Marshal Georgy Zhukov had reached Kovel, a city in western Ukraine.
March 1944: After three days of heavy fighting, parts of the 32nd Guards Rifle Corps (Lieutenant General A. I. Rodimtzev) entered Pervomaisk.
March 1944: Highway and rail junction of Vinnitsa falls to troops of First Ukrainian Front.
March 1944: On March 26, the Soviet Army liberated Kamenets-Podolsky.
4.1.18.Leningrad-Novgorod Offensive
Was a Soviet strategic offensive whose goal was to end the German siege of Leningrad.
January 1944: On January 19, the Red Army recaptured Krasnoye Selo and Ropsha from German occupation.
January 1944: On January 30, Pushkin Gatchina fell to the Red Army.
February 1944: The city of Luga was captured by Soviet troops on February 12.
February 1944: On February 15 the Red Army reached the Narva the eastern shore of Lake Peipus.
March 1944: By the end of February, the Soviets reached the Pskov-Ostrov lines of defense.
4.1.19.Red Army Crimean Offensive
Was a series of offensives by the Red Army that ended with the evacuation of Crimea by the Germans.
April 1944: On the morning of April 11, the Soviet 19th Panzer Corps under Major General Vasilyev occupied Dzhankoi.
April 1944: Soviet forces in the Crimea break through enemy defenses on Kerch Peninsula to seize Kerch.
April 1944: Eupatoria, Simferopol and Feodosiya were occupied by USSR forces on April 13.
April 1944: Soviet Independent Maritime Army captures Yalta, in the Crimea.
May 1944: Sevastopol falls to Soviet forces.
4.1.20.Operation Bagration
Was the Soviet offensive against German-occupied Belarus during World War II.
4.1.20.1.Vitebsk-Orsha Offensive
Was a Soviet military offensive during World War II where Vitebsk and Orsha were conquered from the Germans.
June 1944: Red Army overruns Orsha, North-East of Minsk.
June 1944: The Soviets reached the Berezina River by 28 June.
4.1.20.2.Bobruysk Offensive
Was a Soviet military offensive during World War II where Bobruysk was liberated.
June 1944: The Red Army envelops Bobruysk.
4.1.20.3.Polotsk Offensive
Was a Soviet military offensive during World War II where Polotsk was liberated.
July 1944: USSR Troops of First Baltic Front overrun Polotsk.
4.1.20.4.Minsk Offensive
Was a Soviet military offensive during World War II where Minsk was liberated.
July 1944: Minsk falls to Third and First White Russian Fronts.
4.1.20.5.Vilnius Offensive
Was a Soviet military offensive during World War II where Vilnius was liberated.
July 1944: Molodechno was taken by Soviet units of the 11th Guards Army, 5th Guards Tank Army and 3rd Guards Cavalry Corps on 5 July.
July 1944: Soviet forces reached Vilnius, held by units of the German 3rd Panzer Army.
July 1944: The city of Vilnius fell to the Red Army on 13 July.
4.1.20.6.Belostock Offensive
Was a Soviet military offensive during World War II where Białystok (Poland) was liberated.
July 1944: Soviet converging columns of Third and Second White Russian Fronts overrun Grodno, rail and road junction on route to East Prussia.
4.1.20.7.Šiauliai Offensive
Was an operation of the Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front, commanded by General Hovhannes Bagramyan, conducted from 5 July to 29 August 1944. It drove German troops from much of Lithuania, with the main tactical objective being the city of Šiauliai.
July 1944: By July 22 Soviet troops had captured Panevežys.
July 1944: On 27 July the Red Army captured Šiauliai and Daugavpils.
August 1944: Soviet troops liberated the cities of Jelgava and Kaunas.
August 1944: Soviet advances during Operation Bagraton and Šiauliai Offensive.
4.1.20.8.Lublin-Brest Offensive
Strategic offensive by the Soviet Red Army to clear the Nazi German forces from the regions of Eastern Poland and Western Belarus.
July 1944: Soviet troops of First White Russian Front overrun Lublin.
July 1944: Troops of First White Russian Front overrun Brest Litovsk.
4.1.20.9.Kaunas Offensive
Was an offensive of the Soviet Red Army to clear the area of Kaunas from German forces.
July 1944: The German resistance on the approaches to the Neman was broken.
July 1944: Using the success of the Tank Corps, the troops of the Soviet 33rd Army entered and secured Vilkaviškis and the railway station of Mariampolė.
4.1.21.Lvov-Sandomierz Offensive
Was a major Red Army operation to force the German troops out from Ukraine and Eastern Poland.
July 1944: The Soviet Mobile Group advanced quickly, under cover of air support, and over the next three days managed to capture the town of Kamionka Strumilowa.
4.1.22.Battle of Narva
With the Narva Offensive, 24-30 July 1944, the Red Army captured the town of Narva.
July 1944: With the Narva Offensive, 24-30 July 1944, the Red Army captured the town of Narva.
4.1.23.Tartu Offensive
Was the Soviet offensive to clear the Tartu area (Estonia) from the German forces on the Eastern Front of World War II.
August 1944: The USSR Captured the town of Võru on 13 August.
August 1944: Tartu falls to forces of Third Baltic Front.
4.1.23.1.Riga Offensive
Was the Soviet operation to conquer Riga as part of the larger Baltic offensive on the Eastern Front during World War II.
October 1944: Riga was taken by forces of the Soviet 3rd Baltic Front.
4.1.24.Baltic Offensive
Was the campaign between the northern Fronts of the Red Army and the German Army Group North in the Baltic States during the autumn of 1944 that resulted in the Soviet re-occupation of the Baltic States.
4.1.24.1.Tallinn Offensive
Was a strategic offensive by the Red Army against the German Army in mainland Estonia on the Eastern Front of World War II.
September 1944: Soviet forces site Tallinn.
4.1.24.2.Moonsund Operation
The Moonsund landing operation was an amphibious operation by the Red Army that cleared the West Estonian archipelago from German troops.
October 1944: Soviet conquest of the island of Moon and part of the island of Ösel.
October 1944: Soviet conquest of the island of Ösel.
November 1944: Soviet conquest of the island of Ösel.
4.1.24.3.Battle of Memel
Was a battle which took place on the Eastern Front during World War II resulting in the Soviet conquest of Klaipėda (Memel).
January 1945: German forces abandon Memel, which is occupied by Soviet forces shortly after.
4.1.25.Lapland War
Was a series of fights between Finland and Germany at the end of World War II when German troops were leaving Finland, which had been a German ally until the end of 1944.
October 1944: German troops were in northern Finland in order to support the country against Russia. Between September 1944 and April 1945 all german soldiers left finland after a series of minor battles.
4.1.26.Gumbinnen Operation
Was a Soviet offensive on the Eastern Front late in 1944, in which Soviet forces attempted to penetrate the borders of East Prussia.
October 1944: Gumbinnen was reached by the Soviets by 22 October.
4.2.World War II (Western Front)
Was the Western European theatre of World War II.
May 1940: Hitler announced the re-integration of Eupen-Malmedy into Germany while the rest of Belgium remained under military occupation.
June 1940: German occupation of the Channel Islands, which lasted for most of World War II.
August 1942: Luxembourg was annexed by Germany into Gau Moselland.
September 1943: The Italian surrended to the Allies in September 1943 and the Germans took over the Italian occupation zones in France.
September 1943: In September 1943, following Mussolini's fall in Italy, the German Army occupied Monaco and began the deportation of the Jewish population.
4.2.1.Norwegian Campaign
Was the struggle for the control of Norway between Germany and the Allies that ended with the German military occupation of that country.
April 1940: The Narvik landing force evades British naval forces and defeats the Norwegian vessels in the fjord.
April 1940: Egersund is captured without resistance by the Germans, as is Arendal.
April 1940: Bergen and Trondheim are captured by Germany.
April 1940: German air-landed soldiers land at and capture the airport at Oslo.
April 1940: In Oslo, the Norwegian government has left, and Vidkun Quisling becomes the head of the new government.
April 1940: Kongsberg fell to German forces without a fight.
April 1940: The British 146th Brigade is forced to withdraw from Steinkjer by German forces.
April 1940: German forces moved north from Oslo reach Lillehammer and captured the town.
April 1940: Allied forces decide to withdraw from Namsos and Åndalsnes, abandoning the effort against German forces at Trondheim.
May 1940: German forces enter Åndalsnes.
May 1940: Territorial change based on available maps.
May 1940: Norwegian and Allied forces attack Narvik, entering the town after a short fight.
June 1940: The surrender of Norway to the German invading force is complete and resistance is ended.
4.2.2.Administrative changes of occupied Denmark and its possessions during World War II
Were the administrative territorial changes of Denmark (occupied by Germany) and its overseas territories (free from German occupation) during World War II.
August 1943: Germany occupied Denmark in Operation Weserübung. The king and government functioned as normal in a de facto protectorate over the country until 29 August 1943.
May 1945: German forces in North West Germany, Denmark, and the Netherlands surrender.
4.2.3.German Invasion of Luxembourg
Was the German Invasion of Luxembourg during World War II.
May 1940: The battle for Luxembourg began on 10 May 1940 and lasted just one day. Facing only light resistance, German troops quickly occupied Luxembourg.
4.2.4.German Invasion of Netherlands
Was the German Invasion of the Netherlands during World War II.
May 1940: Battle of Maastricht.
May 1940: Battle of Mill.
May 1940: Battle of the Grebbeberg.
May 1940: Battle of Rotterdam.
May 1940: After the bombing of Rotterdam, the Dutch surrendered in the late afternoon of 14 May, signing the capitulation early the next morning.
May 1940: Battle of Zeeland.
4.2.5.German Invasion of Belgium
Was the German Invasion of Belgium during World War II.
May 1940: Battle of Fort Eben-Emael.
May 1940: The Belgian Command withdrew its forces behind the Namur-Antwerp line.
May 1940: When news of the German breakthrough at Sedan reached Prioux, the French withdrew from Gembloux.
May 1940: The outnumbered Belgians abandoned Brussels and the Government fled to Ostend. The city was occupied by the German Army on 17 May.
May 1940: The Germans captured Terneuzen and Ghent that day.
May 1940: Battle of Boulogne.
May 1940: Nevele, Vynckt, Tielt and Iseghem fall on the western and central part of the Leie front.
May 1940: The Germans reached the outskirts of Bruges, and captured Ursel.
4.2.6.German Invasion of France
The Battle of France was the German invasion of France during World War II that ended with the French Armistice of Compiègne on 22 June 1940.
4.2.6.1.Central Front of the German Invasion of France (World War II)
Was the front of the Meuse Line during the German invasion of France in World War II.
May 1940: On 12 May, Sedan was captured without resistance and the Germans defeated the French defences around Sedan on the west bank of the Meuse.
May 1940: The German advance forces reached the Meuse line late in the afternoon.
May 1940: German advance in Belgium.
May 1940: Stonne changed hands 17 times and fell to the Germans for the last time in the evening.
May 1940: Battle of Montcornet.
June 1940: Battle of Dunkirk.
4.2.6.2.Fall Rot
Was the operation to complete the conquest of France by the German Army during the Battle of France.
June 1940: Frontline of the Battle of Belgium in that date.
June 1940: German advance in France.
June 1940: On 14 June, Paris fell to the German forces. The Parisians unable to flee the city found that in most cases the Germans were extremely well mannered.
June 1940: The German 7th Panzer Division headed west over the Seine river through Normandy and captured the port of Cherbourg on 18 June.
June 1940: German conquest of Rennes.
June 1940: German conquest of Nantes.
June 1940: German conquest of Brest.
June 1940: The remnants of French Army 2 Group are encircled by German forces.
June 1940: German advances in France by June, 25th 1940.
4.2.6.3.French Armistice
Was the Armistice of 22 June 1940 when France surrendered to Germany during World War II.
4.2.6.3.1.Franco-German Armistice
The French Armistice of 22 June 1940 was signed at 18:36 near Compiègne, France, by officials of Nazi Germany and the French Third Republic. The armistice partitioned France: northern and central France were militarly occupied by Germany, Alsace-Lorraine was inglobated into the German State, and the remainder of France became Vichy France, a regime loyal to Germany.
June 1940: The Armistice of 22 June 1940 was signed at 18:36 near Compiègne, France, by officials of Nazi Germany and the French Third Republic. It did not come into effect until after midnight on 25 June. Northern and coastal France fell under direct German occupation, whereas a French government aligned with Germany ("Vichy France") was established in the south. Alsace-Lorraine was annexed to Nazi Germany.
4.2.6.3.2.Franco-Italian Armistice
The Franco-Italian Armistice, or Armistice of Villa Incisa, signed on 24 June 1940.
June 1940: Franco-Italian Armistice, or Armistice of Villa Incisa, signed on 24 June 1940, in effect from 25 June. Some regions of southern France remained under Italian occupation.
4.2.7.Overall Frontline (Belgium and France)
Refers to the battles on the northern French and Belgian front during the German invasion of the region.
May 1940: Frontline of the Battle of Belgium in that date.
May 1940: Antwerp and Suarlee fell to Germany on 19 May.
May 1940: Surrender of French troops in Calais.
May 1940: Defensive Perimeter around Dunkirk established. The Germans occupy the surroundings of Dunkirk.
June 1940: Evacuation of British and Belgian forces from Dunkirk completed.
4.2.8.Italian invasion of France
Was the invasion of southern France by Fascist Italy during the Battle of France.
June 1940: German forces occupied Les Granges-Saint-Paul.
4.2.9.Ardennes Counteroffensive
Was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II.
4.2.9.1.German Offensive in Yugoslavia
German offensive during the World War II Axis invasion of Yugoslavia.
April 1941: Late in the afternoon of the 10th April German Tanks entered the city of Zagreb.
April 1941: SS-Obersturmfuehrer (1st Lt.) Klingenberg of the 2d SS Motorized Infantry Division entered Belgrade with an SS patrol. The mayor of Belgrade officially handed over the city to Klingenberg
4.2.9.2.Allied Counteroffensive
Allied military operations to liberate Belgium and Luxembourg during World War II.
January 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
4.2.10.Case Anton
Was the military occupation of Vichy France carried out by Germany and Italy in November 1942. It marked the end of the Vichy regime as a nominally-independent state and the disbanding of its army, but it continued its existence as a puppet government in Occupied France.
November 1942: Military occupation of Vichy France carried out by Germany and Italy in November 1942. It marked the end of the Vichy regime as a nominally-independent state and the disbanding of its army (the severely-limited Armistice Army), but it continued its existence as a puppet government in Occupied France.
4.2.11.Siegfried Line campaign
Was a phase in the Western European campaign of World War II which involved actions near the German defensive Siegfried Line.
September 1944: Allied liberation of Antwerp.
September 1944: German garrison of Le Havre surrenders.
September 1944: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
4.2.11.1.Clearing the Channel Coast
Was a World War II operation undertaken by the First Canadian Army in August 1944 to capture the French coastline along the Strait of Dover.
May 1944: Allied forces arrive at the outskirts of Dunkirk.
September 1944: Dieppe was captured by the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division on 1 September.
September 1944: Ostend, a Belgian city and one of the German "channel forts", was liberated in 1944 by Allied forces.
September 1944: The 1st Polish Armoured Division crossed the Belgian border and captured Ypres.
September 1944: Allied troops crossed the Ghent-Bruges Canal against strong opposition.
September 1944: The Germans surrender to the 3rd Canadian Division in Boulogne-sur-Mer.
September 1944: The attack on the Cap Gris Nez batteries in 1944 was part of the Allied invasion of Normandy during World War II. The operation was led by General Bernard Montgomery and resulted in the capture of strategic coastal positions.
September 1944: Calais fell to the Allied forces on 30 September
4.2.11.2.Battle of the Scheldt
Was a series of military operations led by the First Canadian Army, with Polish and British units attached, to open up the shipping route to Antwerp so that its port could be used to supply the Allies in north-west Europe.
October 1944: Allied advances by October 16th in the Low Countries and Belgium, during the Battle of the Scheldt.
November 1944: Allied advances by November 10th in the Low Countries and Belgium, during the Battle of the Scheldt.
4.2.12.Operation Overlord
Was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II.
4.2.12.1.Allied Invasion of Normandy
The allied forces launched an invasion of German-occupied France with the Normandy landings of 6 June 1944 (D-Day).
June 1944: Allied forces invade France, landing on the coast of Normandy. Two of the beaches (Juno and Gold) were linked on the first day
June 1944: The five beachheads of the Allied invasion of Normandy were connected by 12 June.
4.2.12.2.Battle of Cherbourg
Was a battle fought in Cherbourg, France, immediately after the successful Allied landings on 6 June 1944.
June 1944: On 18 June the US 9th Infantry Division reached the west coast of the peninsula, isolating the Cherbourg garrison from any potential reinforcements. There was little opposition on the western side of the peninsula and on the eastern side, the exhausted defenders around Montebourg collapsed.
June 1944: Allied troops, mainly American, captured the fortified port of Cherbourg.
4.2.12.3.Battle of Saint-Lô
Was an allied military operation that liberated the region around Saint-Lô, France.
July 1944: American forces occupy Saint-Lô.
4.2.12.4.Battle of Caen
Was an Allied military operation that liberated the region around Caen, France.
July 1944: Caen, a major objective, was still in German hands at the end of D-Day and would not be completely captured until 21 July.
4.2.12.5.Operation Cobra
Was an offensive launched by the United States First Army seven weeks after the D-Day landings, during the Normandy campaign of World War II that led to the collapse of the German Normandy front.
July 1944: Allied operations to liberate St. Lo.
4.2.12.6.Conquest of Normandy
Was the Allied conquest of German-occupied Normandy during World War II.
August 1944: Allied military operation in Normandy.
4.2.12.7.Battle of Mortain
Was a German counter-attack near Mortain, in northwestern France during the Battle of Normandy.
August 1944: Frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
August 1944: Allied liberation of Le Mans.
4.2.12.8.Operation Totalize
Was an offensive launched by Allied troops in the First Canadian Army during the later stages of Operation Overlord in order to break through the German defences south of Caen.
August 1944: Based on available maps.
4.2.12.9.Battle of the Falaise Pocket
Was an Allied operation during the Battle of Normandy that led to the destruction of the German pocket in the area of the French cities of Trun, Argentan, Vimoutiers and Chambois.
August 1944: Allied forces clear the Chambois area.
August 1944: By the evening of 21 August, the Falaise pocket had been sealed, with Germans trapped inside.
4.2.12.10.Liberation of Paris
A military battle that took place during World War II from 19 August 1944 until the German garrison surrendered the French capital on 25 August 1944.
August 1944: Battle of Paris frm 19 August 1944 until the German commander in Paris, Lt. Gen. Dietrich von Choltitz, surrendered formally to Brig. Gen. Jacques Philippe Leclerc of the French 2nd Army at 15:15 of 25 August 1944.
4.2.12.11.Battle for Brest
Was fought in August and September 1944 in Brest as part of the Battle of Normandy during World War II.
September 1944: General Ramcke surrendered the city of Brest on 19 September 1944 to the Americans.
4.2.13.Operation Dragoon
Was the landing operation of the Allied invasion of Provence (Southern France) on 15 August 1944.
August 1944: Allied operations In Southern France, 15-28 August 1944.
August 1944: Allied liberation of Grenoble.
August 1944: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
August 1944: Allied liberation of Marseille and Toulon.
August 1944: On 29 August, the Allies captured Montélimar.
September 1944: Lyon was liberated by the French 2nd Corp.
September 1944: Allied liberation of Autun.
September 1944: Allied liberation of Dijon.
September 1944: Operation Dragoon encountered Siegfried Line campaign "closing" central france
September 1944: Allied liberation of Langres.
September 1944: Allied advance in Germany in that date.
4.2.13.1.Main invasion (operation Dragoon)
The invasion of the bulk of the armies partecipating to operation Dragoon during World War II.
August 1944: Operation Dragoon landing in France started on the morning of 15 August.
4.2.14.Battle of Moerbrugge
Was a three-day battle during the Liberation of Belgium that cleared part of the West Flanders from German troops.
September 1944: Allied liberation of Moerbrugge.
4.2.15.Liberation of Netherlands
Was the Allied liberation of the Netherlands from the German occupying forces.
September 1944: Maastricht, Gulpen, Meerssen are liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Simpelveld is liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Sint-Oedenrode, Veghel, Son en Breugel are liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Eindhoven is liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Veldhoven is liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Nijmegen, Geldrop, Someren, Terneuzen are liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Weert is liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Deurne is liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Mook is liberated by the Allies of World War II
September 1944: Helmond,Oss are liberated by the Allies of World War II
October 1944: Kerkrade is liberated by the Allies of World War II
October 1944: Venray is liberated by the Allies of World War II
October 1944: Den Bosch, Tilburg, Bergen op Zoom are liberated by the Allies of World War II
October 1944: Tholen,Goes are liberated by the Allies of World War II
November 1944: Vlissingen,Westkapelle are liberated by the Allies of World War II
November 1944: Wissenkerke,Zoutelande are liberated by the Allies of World War II
November 1944: Middelburg is liberated by the Allies of World War II
November 1944: Veere,Koudekerke are liberated by the Allies of World War II
December 1944: Blerick is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Doetinchem,Borculo,Eibergen,Enschede are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Hengelo is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Almelo is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Westerbork,Brummen,Deventer are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Assen,Diepenveen,Olst are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Arnhem, Zwolle are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Zutphen, Leeuwarden, Zoutkamp are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Groningen is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Apeldoorn is liberated by the Allies of World War II
4.2.15.1.Battle of Nijmegen
Was the liberation of the Dutch city of Nijmegen from German occupation during World War II.
September 1944: The Battle of Nijmegen or Liberation of Nijmegen occurred from 17 to 20 September 1944.
4.2.15.2.Battle of Overloon
As a battle fought during the Second World War between Allied forces and the German Army which took place in and around the village of Overloon in the south-east of the Netherlands .
October 1944: Overloon is liberated by the Allies of World War II
4.2.16.Lorraine campaign
Was the operation of the U.S. Army to liberate German-occupied Lorraine during World War II.
September 1944: Allied advance in France up to Nancy, which is abandoned by German forces.
4.2.17.Western Allied invasion of Germany
Was the invasion of the western territories of Germany mainly by the United States, United Kingdom, France and Canada at the end of World War II.
March 1945: Frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
April 1945: Allied military operations during the encirclement of the Ruhr area (March-April 1945).
April 1945: Allied advance in Germany in that date.
April 1945: Allied reduction of Ruhr Pocket.
April 1945: Final allied military operations in the European theatre of World War II (April-May 1945).
May 1945: Final allied military operations in the European theatre of World War II (April-May 1945).
4.2.17.1.German Offensive on the Western Front during the Allied invasion
Was a offensive of Germany against the Allies that were invading German-occupied Europe during World War II.
December 1944: Territorial changes caused on December 16th 1944 by the German Ardenne Offensive of 1944 ("Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein").
December 1944: Territorial changes caused on December 20th 1944 by the German Ardenne Offensive of 1944 ("Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein").
December 1944: Territorial changes caused on December 25th 1944 by the German Ardenne Offensive of 1944 ("Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein").
4.2.17.2.Operation Veritable
Was an Allied military operation in the Reichswald Forest, in Germany, towards the end of World War II.
February 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline during the Rhineland campaign.
4.2.17.3.Operation Grenade
Was the crossing of the Roer river between Roermond and Düren by the U.S. Ninth Army which marked the beginning of the Allied invasion of Germany.
4.2.18.Liberation of Finnmark
Was a military operation, lasting from 23 October 1944 until 26 April 1945, in which Soviet and Norwegian forces wrested away control of Finnmark, the northernmost county of Norway, from Germany.
October 1944: With the help of local fishermen, the Soviets were able to cross the Neiden River on 27 October and capture the ridge. Fighting was fierce, and the Germans managed to burn every building in the village, save for the local church, before withdrawing.
November 1944: Allied forces penetrated 116 km northwest of Neiden before halting in Tana.
April 1945: The Norwegians declared Finnmark to be free.
4.2.19.Colmar Pocket
Was an Allied military operation to liberate central Alsace from German forces.
January 1945: Allied operations in the Colmar Pocket (January-February 1945).
4.3.World War II (Balkan Theatre)
Was the theatre of conflict of World War II that took place in the Balkans.
4.3.1.Invasion of Yugoslavia by the Axis
Was a military operation by the Axis forces that resulted in the occupation and partition of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
4.3.1.1.Surrender and partition of Yugoslavia
Was the partition of Yugoslavia among the invading Axis forces.
April 1941: The Independent State of Croatia (a German puppet state) was established in parts of occupied Yugoslavia.
April 1941: Yugoslavia was partitioned ca. April 20-22, 1941 among the Axis countries (Italy and Germany) and their satellite states (Hungary, Bulgaria, Albania).
4.3.2.German invasion of Greece
Was the invasion of Greece Germany during World War II. The Invasion followed the unsuccesful invasion of Greece by Italian forces.
April 1941: German conquest of Skopje.
April 1941: German conquest of Veles.
April 1941: The Germans captured the town of Strumica.
April 1941: The German 73rd Infantry Division captured Prilep.
April 1941: By the evening of 8 April the German 164th Infantry Division captured Xanthi
April 1941: The German 72d Infantry Division reached the area northeast of Seres.
April 1941: By April 9th the German forces reached Thessaloniki.
April 1941: The German 72d Infantry Division got through the Metaxas Line by the evening of 9 April,
April 1941: German SS troops seized Vevi on 11 April.
April 1941: The spearheads of the German 9th Panzer Division reached Kozani.
April 1941: On 14 April a pitched battle between several Greek units and the LSSAH brigade—which had by then reached Grevena—erupted. The Greek 13th and Cavalry Divisions lacked the equipment necessary to fight against an armoured unit, and on 15 April were finally encircled and overwhelmed.
April 1941: German conquest of Panteleimonas.
April 1941: On 19 April the German first XVIII Mountain Corps troops entered Larisa and took possession of the airfield.
April 1941: The port of Volos fell to the Germans on 21 April.
April 1941: The Germans advanced further and captured Ioannina.
April 1941: German conquest of Thermopyles (pass).
April 1941: On the morning of 27 April the Germans entered Athens, the Greek capital.
April 1941: On 27 April the SS forces seized the Corinth Canal and Patras.
April 1941: German conquest of Kalamata.
April 1941: The German 5th Panzer Division reached the south coast of Greece on 29 April.
April 1941: By 30 April the hostilities ceased. Greece was fully occupied by German forces.
4.3.2.1.Battle of Crete
Was a major Axis airborne and amphibious operation during World War II to capture the island of Crete.
May 1941: The next day, through communication failures, Allied tactical hesitation and German offensive operations, the Maleme Airfield in western Crete fell.
May 1941: On May 27, Chania fell to German forces.
May 1941: On May 28, the port in Souda Bay passed into German hands.
May 1941: On May 29th, Rethymno capitulated to the Germans.
June 1941: Allied evacuation from Crete May 28th to June 1st. Crete was occupied by German forces.
4.3.3.Axis Occupation of Greece
After the German invasion of Greece, the country was partitioned among the Axis powers. The territorial division changed during the war, and after the surrender of Italy to the Allies the Italian zone was occupied by Germany.
4.3.3.1.Greece divided in Occupation zones by Axis powers
Division in occupation zones of Greece by the Axis.
June 1941: The Hellenic State was the puppet Greek state controlled by italy and Germany.
June 1941: East Macedonia and Thrace came under Bulgarian occupation and were annexed to Bulgaria.
4.3.4.German Invasion of Slovenia
After the Italian capitulation on 8 September 1943, German forces invaded Slovenia.
September 1943: The Italian Governorship of Dalmatia was disestablished and the country's possessions were subsequently divided between Germany, which established its Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral, and the Independent State of Croatia, which established the new district of Sidraga-Ravni Kotari.
4.3.5.Dodecanese campaign
Was the battle between Germany and Great Britain for the control of the Italian Dodecanese after Italy's surrender on 8 September 1943.
September 1943: Battle of Rhodes.
September 1943: On the date of the armistice, the Italian command in Rhodes ordered not to initiate hostile acts against the Germans, an order which on 12 September changed into surrendering arms to the former ally. Scarpanto was occupied by German forces.
September 1943: The military vicissitudes of the island of Caso were brief: the small garrison of the Italian army (a company and a battery with 75/27 guns) and the lookout and signaling stations of the navy surrendered to the Germans on 12 September.
October 1943: Germans overrun Kos Island whic was the site of the only Allied air base in the Aegean.
October 1943: On 7 October a small group of German officers landed in Calino offering unconditional surrender which was immediately accepted.
October 1943: Between the night of 14 and 15 October, a British vessel offered to transfer the personnel of Piscopi to Castelrosso, who gladly accepted. The island was later occupied by the Wehrmacht.
October 1943: On the morning of 22 October Luftwaffe planes bombed the island of Stampalia with almost zero anti-aircraft reaction, followed by a drop of Fallschirmjäger at Maltezana simultaneously with a landing of men on the west coast. By noon the German forces were in control of the island.
November 1943: Altered by the unexpected resistance of the Anglo-Italians, General Kleemann ordered the Luftwaffe to proceed with the bombardment of the island of Simi. To avoid losing the entire garrison during another battle, on the night of 11 October Corradini and Lapraik gave the order to evacuate the island and head towards Castelrosso. The German pilots, unaware of all this, continued to hit the island until November 2, when troops landed on the island and realized what had happened.
November 1943: The Germans complete the occupation of the Island of Leros.
November 1943: When the Anglo-Italian garrison of Leros was defeated on 17 November 1943, the men on Patmos embarked for the coast of Turkey and were subsequently interned.
May 1945: The Dodecanese Islands were occupied by the British and Peter Bevil Edward Acland was appointed governor.
4.3.6.Establishment of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was a provisional state established during World War II on 29 November 1943 through the Second Session of the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ). .
November 1943: The Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was a provisional state established during World War II on 29 November 1943 through the Second Session of the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ).
October 1944: Partisan-controlled territories in Yugoslavia by september 1944.
4.3.6.1.Partisan offensive in Axis-occupied Yugoslavia
Were a series of partisan offensives against Axis-occupied Yugoslavia during World War II.
April 1945: On 12 April, the Yugoslav 3rd Army, under the command of Kosta Nađ, forced a crossing of the Drava river. The 3rd Army then fanned out through Podravina, reached a point north of Zagreb, and crossed the old Austrian border with Yugoslavia in the Dravograd sector.
4.3.7.German Withdrawal from Greece (World War II)
The evacuation of Greece by German troops during World War II.
June 1945: Isolated Axis garrisons remained in Crete, the Dodecanese and various other Aegean islands until the end of the war in May 1945.
4.4.North Atlantic weather war
The Allies and Germany tried to gain a monopoly on weather data in the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans.
September 1942: Beginning in August 1942, the Germans established four clandestine weather stations on the east coast of Greenland.
March 1943: The Eskimonaes radio and weather station on Clavering Island, Greenland, was captured by German troops on 23 March.
April 1943: The Eskimonaes radio and weather station on Clavering Island, Greenland, was captured by German troops on 23 March.
April 1944: The German base on Sabine was bombed by USAAF bombers from Iceland. It was then seized by a Coast Guard landing party.
June 1944: On April 22, 1944, six Sledge Patrol members attacked the Bassgeiger weather station. The station was subsequently evacuated on June 3.
4.5.World War II (Italian Front)
Was the Italian Front of World War II.
September 1944: In September 1944, San Marino was briefly occupied by German forces.
4.5.1.Italian Campaign (World War II)
Was the military operation of the Allies to free italy from the forces of Germany and its puppet state, the Italian Social Republic.
October 1943: In the night between 2 and 3 October 1943 groups of British commandos arriving by sea at Termoli occupied both the port and the town.
September 1944: San Marino was liberated by Allied forces.
4.5.1.1.Allied Invasion of Southern italy
Was an Allied amphibious landing on the mainland of Italy, part of the Allied invasion of Italy.
September 1943: British forces mount Operation Slapstick, taking the port of Taranto.
September 1943: The Allied advances in Italy reach the Volturno River.
September 1943: British forces occupy Foggia, which was abandoned by German forces.
4.5.1.2.Free France conquest of Corsica
Was the liberation of Corsica from Axis forces.
October 1943: Allied forces gain complete control of Corsica as the enemy withdraws from Bastia area. Participating in the explusion of Germans were French, Moroccan and American troops.
4.5.2.Operation Achse
German operation to forcibly disarm the Italian armed forces after Italy's armistice with the Allies on 3 September 1943.
September 1943: In Piedmont the Germans quickly neutralized the Italian units present.
September 1943: Between Emilia and lower Lombardy, the units of the 1. SS-Panzer-Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler moved at midnight on 8 September towards the cities of Parma, Cremona, Reggio Emilia, Piacenza, Modena, where they easily overcame the sporadic resistance of some Italian departments.
September 1943: The army headquarters in Potenza was attacked by surprise and conquered by the Germans.
September 1943: The Italian departments rapidly disintegrated in Trentino-Alto Adige, despite the construction of the Alpine Wall in Alto Adige: by 9 September the two Alpine divisions of the 35th Army Corps of General Alessandro Gloria were immediately attacked and disarmed by the Germans.
September 1943: After the armistice of italy, Germany occupied most of the country, including Rome.
September 1943: Leghorn (Italian: Livorno) was occupied on 10 September by German forces.
September 1943: General Chiappa Armellini let the Germans enter Florence, Colonel Chiari in Arezzo, Colonel Laurei in Massa, and they yielded to the ex-allies without putting up any resistance.
September 1943: In central Italy north of Rome, the Italian 5th Army under the command of General Mario Caracciolo di Feroleto, based in Orte, disbanded on 11 September, the soldiers were disarmed and interned by the Germans.
September 1943: In Liguria, by 11 September, German troops of the 87th Army Corps (76th and 94th Infantry Division) and the 51st Army Corps (65th and 305th Infantry Division) occupied all positions.
September 1943: German Army Group B occupied all of central-northern Italy.
September 1943: After a series of very bitter clashes, the Germans went on the offensive on 21st September and forced the Italians of Cefalonia to surrender at 11:00 on 22nd September.
September 1943: Corfu Surrenders to German force that has recently landed there.
4.5.3.War in the German Operational Zones of northern Italy
Were the events in the operational zones created by Germany in northern Italy during World War II.
September 1943: The Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral was established during the second part of World War II, in September 1943. It was a territory in Italy controlled directly by Nazi Germany.
September 1943: The Operational Zone of the Alpine Foothills was established by the occupying German Wehrmacht, as a response to the Allied Armistice with Italy.
September 1943: On 17 September, Mussolini proclaimed through Radio Monaco (a station picked up in a large part of northern Italy) the forthcoming constitution of the new fascist state. This would be formalized on the 23rd, setting up the first meeting of the Government of the Italian Social Republic in Rome.
4.5.4.Four Days of Naples
Was an uprising in Naples, Italy, against Nazi German occupation forces from September 27 to September 30, 1943, immediately prior to the arrival of Allied forces in the city.
September 1943: The Four Days of Naples were a historic episode of popular insurrection that took place during the Second World War, between 27 and 30 September 1943. During the insurrection, civilians, with the contribution of soldiers loyal to the Southern Kingdom, managed to free the city of Naples from the occupation of the Wehrmacht forces.
4.6.End of World War II in Europe
Refers to the surrender of Axis forces and the end of World War II and to the territorial changes that were a direct consequence of World War II but happened after the traditional end of the War.
May 1945: After the End of World War II the Western European countries of Germany are reverted to their pre-war borders.
May 1945: The entire territory of Germany is occupied by Allied forces.
4.6.1.The Surrender of German forces
Surrender of German forces at the end of World War II.
May 1945: General Franz Böhme announced the unconditional surrender of German troops in Norway.
May 1945: German forces on the Channel Islands surrender.
May 1945: Resistance in Latvia ceases as German Sixteenth and Eighteenth Armies begin surrendering to forces of Leningrad Front.
May 1945: The German garrisons of most of the last Atlantic pockets in France, in Dunkirk and La Rochelle, surrendered to the Allies.
May 1945: The Atlantic Pocket of Lorient surrendered to French forces.
May 1945: The German Atlantic Pocket of Saint-Nazaire surrendered.
Disestablishment
January 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
January 1945: German forces abandon Memel, which is occupied by Soviet forces shortly after.
January 1945: Allied operations in the Colmar Pocket (January-February 1945).
February 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline during the Rhineland campaign.
March 1945: Frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
April 1945: Doetinchem,Borculo,Eibergen,Enschede are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Hengelo is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Allied military operations during the encirclement of the Ruhr area (March-April 1945).
April 1945: Almelo is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Allied advance in Germany in that date.
April 1945: Westerbork,Brummen,Deventer are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: On 12 April, the Yugoslav 3rd Army, under the command of Kosta Nađ, forced a crossing of the Drava river. The 3rd Army then fanned out through Podravina, reached a point north of Zagreb, and crossed the old Austrian border with Yugoslavia in the Dravograd sector.
April 1945: Assen,Diepenveen,Olst are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Arnhem, Zwolle are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Zutphen, Leeuwarden, Zoutkamp are liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Groningen is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Apeldoorn is liberated by the Allies of World War II
April 1945: Allied reduction of Ruhr Pocket.
April 1945: Final allied military operations in the European theatre of World War II (April-May 1945).
April 1945: The Norwegians declared Finnmark to be free.
May 1945: German forces in North West Germany, Denmark, and the Netherlands surrender.
May 1945: Final allied military operations in the European theatre of World War II (April-May 1945).
May 1945: General Franz Böhme announced the unconditional surrender of German troops in Norway.
May 1945: The Dodecanese Islands were occupied by the British and Peter Bevil Edward Acland was appointed governor.
May 1945: German forces on the Channel Islands surrender.
May 1945: Resistance in Latvia ceases as German Sixteenth and Eighteenth Armies begin surrendering to forces of Leningrad Front.
May 1945: The German garrisons of most of the last Atlantic pockets in France, in Dunkirk and La Rochelle, surrendered to the Allies.
May 1945: The Atlantic Pocket of Lorient surrendered to French forces.
May 1945: The German Atlantic Pocket of Saint-Nazaire surrendered.
May 1945: After the End of World War II the Western European countries of Germany are reverted to their pre-war borders.
May 1945: The entire territory of Germany is occupied by Allied forces.
June 1945: Isolated Axis garrisons remained in Crete, the Dodecanese and various other Aegean islands until the end of the war in May 1945.
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German Summer Offensive, Situation 4 July-1943 & Battle Of Kursk, 4 July-1 August 1943. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope27Combined.jpg
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https://books.google.de/books?id=mpdLEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT495&dq=22+%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%81&hl=it&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwir8szQiKyFAxWxQvEDHS8NDp4Q6AF6BAgMEAI#v=onepage&q=22%20%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F%20%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%81&f=false
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Germany (Military Occupation)
