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Name: Mecklenburg-Schwerin Duchy

Type: Polity

Start: 1353 AD

End: 1815 AD

Nation: mecklenburg-schwerin

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Icon Mecklenburg-Schwerin Duchy

This article is about the specific polity Mecklenburg-Schwerin Duchy and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

Was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire located in northern Germany. It separated and reunited several times with the Duchy of Mecklenburg, the final and definitive separation happening in 1701. It was elevated to Grand Duchy in 1815 and remained independent until 1871, when it joined the German Empire.

Establishment


  • January 1353: Establishment of the Mecklenburg-Schwerin Duchy.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. European wars of religion


    Were a series of wars in Europe (and the overseas possessions of European countries) the 16th, 17th and early 18th that started after the Protestant Reformation. Although the immediate causes of the wars were religious, the motives were complex and also included territorial ambitions.

    1.1.Thirty Years' War

    Was a war that took place mainly in central Europe between 1618 and 1648. The war began as a religious conflict between Catholics and Protestant in the Holy Roman Empire but then escalated into a conflict for the hegemony in Europe between Habsburg Spain and Austria, Sweden and France.

    1.1.1.Swedish Period

    Was the third main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of Sweden.

  • May 1631: After the Swedish occupation of Frankfurt an der Oder in April 1631, Pomerania, Mecklenburg, Brandenburg and Saxony signed alliance treaties with Sweden.

  • 1.1.2.Franco-Swedish Period

    Was the fourth main period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with the intervention of the Kingdom of France.

    1.1.2.1.North German Front (Sweden)

    Was the north German front during the Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years' War.

  • October 1636: The Battle of Wittstock took place during the Thirty Years' War near the town of Wittstock on October 4, 1636. A Swedish-allied army commanded jointly by Johan Banér and Alexander Leslie decisively defeated a combined Imperial-Saxon army, led by Count Melchior von Hatzfeld and the Saxon Elector John George I.
  • November 1637: After the death of Swedish King Ferdinand II, his son and successor Ferdinand III brought the Swedish troops back to Pomerania, leaving the territories occupied by Sweden in Germany.
  • December 1643: In 1643 Swedish general Torstensson invaded Moravia for the second time.
  • January 1644: In 1643, when the Torstensson War broke out, the Swedish military focused entirely on Denmark and thus enabled an imperial offensive to Jutland.
  • November 1644: In 1644 Swedish field marshal Torstenson led his army for the third time into the heart of Germany and routed the imperials at the battle of Jüterbog.
  • July 1647: The Imperial Army liberated the fortress of Egra (today known as Cheb in the Czech Republic) from Swedish occupation.

  • 1.1.3.Peace of Westphalia

    Were a series of treaties that ended the Thirty Years' War. Catholics and Protestants were redefined as equal in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire. There were major territorial adjustments. In particular, France, Sweden and Brandenburg had major territorial gains, and several religious territories of the Holy Roman Empire were secularized.

  • January 1649: Based on Gustav Droysen's Map of the Holy Roman Empire at the time of Thirty Years' War.
  • January 1649: The Schwerin Prince-Bishopric is secularised as Principality for Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
  • January 1649: The Ratzeburg Prince-Bishopric is disestablished.

  • 2. Northern Wars


    A series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe from the 16th to the 18th century.

    2.1.Great Northern War

    Was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

    2.1.1.Phase 2: Sweden Defending itself

    Was the second phase of the Great Northern War. It consisted in the counterattack of all the countries that Sweden had invaded during the first phase of the war.

    2.1.1.1.North German Front of the Great Northern War

    Was the theatre of war of northern Germany in the second phase of the Great Northern War.

  • September 1713: By summer 1713 Sweden left all territories in Mecklenburg.

  • 2.1.1.2.Swedish Campaign in Holstein

    Was a Swedish military campaign in Holstein during the Great Northern War.

  • December 1712: The Swedish army moved on to Rostock and took the city.
  • December 1712: Swedish forces defeated Danish forces at Galdebusch (20 December 1712).

  • 3. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars


    Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

  • January 1804: The Swedish rule over Wismar ended de facto in 1803, when Sweden pledged the city to the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for 99 years with the Malmö Pledge Agreement. Formally, Wismar reverted to Germany in 1903 and Sweden waived the redemption of the deposit.

  • 3.1.Franco-Swedish War

    Was a war between France and Sweden that took place in Swedish Pomerania.

    3.1.1.Offensive in Hanover (Franco-Swedish War)

    Were a series of battles in the region of Lauenburg during the Franco-Swedish War.

  • September 1806: During the summer of 1806, Prussia, under the leadership of King Frederick William III, formed the Fourth Coalition against France, led by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. As a result, Sweden, under King Gustav IV Adolf, was granted the right to occupy Lauenburg, a territory located in northern Germany.
  • December 1806: In 1806, during the Napoleonic Wars, French forces advanced rapidly in western Germany, leading to the retreat of Swedish troops towards Lübeck. This event took place in Lauenburg, which later became part of the Mecklenburg-Schwerin Duchy.

  • 3.2.Congress of Vienna

    Was a series of international diplomatic meetings after the end of the Napoleonic wars whose aim was a long-term peace plan for Europe. It redraw the borders of Europe and partially restored the Monarchies of the pre-revolutionary period.

  • June 1815: By the Congress of Vienna in 1815, both parts of the now sovereign Duchy of Mecklenburg became the Grand Duchy.

  • 4. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)


  • January 1472: Territorial change based on available maps.

  • January 1622: Territorial change based on available maps.

  • January 1623: Territorial change based on available maps.

  • January 1696: Territorial change based on available maps.

  • January 1702: Territorial change based on available maps.

  • January 1717: The Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin by dynastic union treaty (Karl Leopold married Ekaterina Ioannovna , niece of Peter I), was occupied during the Northern War.

  • January 1718: In 1717, the Russian army was withdrawn and the treaty was terminated.

  • January 1787: Based on Gustav Droysen's Map of the Holy Roman Empire in the XVIII century.

  • Disestablishment


  • June 1815: By the Congress of Vienna in 1815, both parts of the now sovereign Duchy of Mecklenburg became the Grand Duchy.
  • Selected Sources


  • Bradford, J.C. (2004): International Encyclopedia of Military History, Routledge, p. 554
  • Dreißigjähriger Krieg. Austria Forum. Retrieved on 30 march 2024 on https://austria-forum.org/af/AustriaWiki/Drei%C3%9Figj%C3%A4hriger_Krieg
  • Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), p. 26-49
  • Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), pp. 42-43
  • Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), pp. 46-47
  • Schmidt, G. (2006): Der Dreißigjährige Krieg, Munich (Germany), p. 65
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